Specific sequelae symptoms of COVID-19 of Omicron variant in comparison with non-COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study in Japan.
J Thorac Dis
; 16(5): 3170-3180, 2024 May 31.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38883639
ABSTRACT
Background:
The specific long-term sequela of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), also known as long COVID of the Omicron variant remain unclear, due to a lack of cohort studies that include non-COVID patients with cold-like symptoms. The study was conducted to examine specific sequelae symptoms after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which is considered the Omicron variant, compared with patients who were never-infected.Methods:
In this retrospective cohort study, we sent questionnaires in November 2022, targeting those who visited our fever outpatient unit of a single institution from July to September 2022. SARS-CoV-2 infection status was determined by SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results during the study period collected in electronic medical records. Clinical characteristics at 30 days or more since the date of SARS-CoV-2 PCR test were assessed by the questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression was performed to investigate the independent association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and possible sequelae symptoms.Results:
In total, valid responses were received from 4,779 patients (mean age 41.4 years, standard deviation 19.8 years old). Among them, 3,326 (69.6%) and 1,453 (30.4%) were SARS-CoV-2 PCR test positive and never-infected, respectively. We found that patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were more likely to have a loss of taste or smell [odds ratio (OR) 4.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.93, 10.71], hair loss (OR 3.19, 95% CI 1.67, 6.09), neurocognitive symptoms (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.43, 2.65), and respiratory symptoms (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.03, 1.47) than never-infected patients. SARS-CoV-2 infection was not associated with common cold symptoms, chronic physical distress, or diarrhea as sequelae symptoms. Further, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination showed protective effects on sequelae of loss of taste or smell and hair loss.Conclusions:
Loss of taste or smell, hair loss, neurocognitive symptoms, and respiratory symptoms were found to be specific sequelae of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. It is important not to miss these symptoms that follow SARS-CoV-2 infection and to recognize and manage the long COVID.
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MEDLINE
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En
Ano de publicação:
2024
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Article