A new pseudosuchian from the Favret Formation of Nevada reveals that archosauriforms occupied coastal regions globally during the Middle Triassic.

ABSTRACT

Recent studies suggest that both stem- and crown-group Archosauria encompassed high ecological diversity during their initial Triassic radiation. We describe a new pseudosuchian archosaur, Benggwigwishingasuchus eremicarminis gen. et sp. nov., from the Anisian (Middle Triassic) Fossil Hill Member of the Favret Formation (Nevada, USA), a pelagic setting in the eastern Panthalassan Ocean characterized by the presence of abundant ammonoids and large-bodied ichthyosaurs. Coupled with archosauriforms from the eastern and western Tethys Ocean, Benggwigwishingasuchus reveals that pseudosuchians were also components of Panthalassan ocean coastal settings, establishing that the group occupied these habitats globally during the Middle Triassic. However, Benggwigwishingasuchus, Qianosuchus, and Ticinosuchus (two other pseudosuchians known from marine sediments) are not recovered in a monophyletic group, demonstrating that a nearshore marine lifestyle occurred widely across Archosauriformes during this time. Benggwigwishingasuchus is recovered as part of an expanded Poposauroidea, including several taxa (e.g. Mandasuchus, Mambawakalae) from the Middle Triassic Manda Beds of Tanzania among its basally branching members. This implies a greater undiscovered diversity of poposauroids during the Early Triassic, and supports that the group, and pseudosuchians more broadly, diversified rapidly following the End-Permian mass extinction.