Integrating network pharmacology and experimental models to investigate the mechanisms of XCHD and YCSLS in preventing HUA progression via TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB signaling.

ABSTRACT

With the alterations in dietary structure and the augmentation of the human living standard, hyperuricemia (HUA) has emerged as a significant factor impacting contemporary human health. It has also been scientifically validated as an independent risk determinant for the progression of renal disease. Existing literature indicates that XCHD (Xiao Chai Hu Decoction) and YCSLS (Yinchen Siling San) possess a capability to ameliorate UA levels and fortify renal function, yet a comprehensive understanding of their mechanisms of action remains elusive. This investigation is designed to elucidate the therapeutic efficacy and mechanistic underpinnings of XCHD/YCSLS on the renal tissues of HUA-afflicted rats, with the objective of fortifying the evidence base to advocate its clinical application. Our preliminary findings substantiated that XCHD and YCSLS impede HUA progression through the inhibition of inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. Further, we synthesized data from publicly accessible repositories to forecast interactions between XCHD, YCSLS, and their prospective targets in HUA, including the associated signaling pathways. This approach facilitated the identification of shared targets of XCHD/YCSLS, and HUA, and the subsequent correlation analysis of these targets employing KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) and GO (Gene Ontology) methodologies. The findings indicate that the TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB signaling constitutes one of the potential crucial conduits engaged in XCHD and YCSLS-induced HUA mitigation. In conclusion, the analysis of WB and IHC from HUA rat models corroborated that XCHD and YCSLS do indeed attenuate the expression of TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB, reinforcing the hypothesized pivotal role of the its signaling cascade in HUA. This warrants subsequent scholarly exploration.