Fisetin disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis via superoxide dismutase 2 acetylation in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

ABSTRACT

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal malignant tumors with an urgent need for precision medicine strategies. The present study seeks to assess the antitumor effects of fisetin, and characterize its impact on PDAC. Multi-omic approaches include proteomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses. Further validation includes the assessment of mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (mtROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, as well as ATP generation. Molecular docking, immunoprecipitation, and proximity ligation assay were used to detect the interactions among fiseitn, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and sirtuin 2 (SIRT2). We showed that fisetin disrupted mitochondrial homeostasis and induced SOD2 acetylation in PDAC. Further, we produced site mutants to determine that fisetin-induced mtROS were dependent on SOD2 acetylation. Fisetin inhibited SIRT2 expression, thus blocking SOD2 deacetylation. SIRT2 overexpression could impede fisetin-induced SOD2 acetylation. Additionally, untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed an acceleration of folate metabolism with fisetin. Collectively, our findings suggest that fisetin disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis, eliciting an important cancer-suppressive role; thus, fisetin may serve as a promising therapeutic for PDAC.