Predictors of No-Show Status: An Analysis of Pediatric Ophthalmology Patients at an Academic Ophthalmology Department in the United States.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To identify pediatric patient and appointment characteristics associated with no-show status at a tertiary care pediatric ophthalmology clinic within a U.S. academic ophthalmology department. METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective chart review was performed for all pediatric patients with a scheduled ophthalmology appointment at the Penn State Eye Center between April 1, 2022 and March 31, 2023. A multivariate logistic regression analysis assessed associations between appointment nonattendance and patient characteristics. RESULTS: Of 8,083 scheduled visits, 1,445 (17.9%) were no-shows. Factors associated with no-show status included appointment type (new vs return odds ratio [OR] 1.43, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.63, P < .001); lower median household income (< $41,374 vs > $68,957 OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.40 to 2.55, P < .001; $41,374 to $68,957 vs > $68,957 OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.44, P < .001); non-private insurance (self-pay vs private OR 5.65, 95% CI 3.87 to 8.24, P < .001, Medicaid vs private OR 2.17, 95% CI 2.32 to 3.16, P < .001); commute distance 10 to 30 miles vs < 5 miles (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.99, P = .008); race unavailable vs White (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.66 to 2.85, P < .001), Black vs White (OR 1.86, 95% CI1.53 to 2.27, P < .001), Other vs White (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.70, P < .001); ethnicity Hispanic vs non-Hispanic (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.62 to 2.27, P < .001); and language preference Spanish vs English (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.49 to 2.32, P < .001), Nepali vs English (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.43, P = .027), other vs English (OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.35 to 2.49, P < .001). Appointment reminders (phone call, P = .013); text message, P < .001; other, P = .013) all resulted in a greater propensity to show, but email communication alone did not (P = .674). CONCLUSIONS: Certain patient and appointment characteristics that are linked to a higher rate of no-show status can inform targeted initiatives to improve health care outcomes, resource utilization, and clinical efficiency in the pediatric ophthalmology community. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 20XX;X(XX)XXX-XXX.].