Health-related quality of life of people with type 1 diabetes: An IMI2 SOPHIA post hoc analysis of FUTURE and ADJUNCT-ONE.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To characterize and stratify health-related quality of life in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using body mass index (BMI) and clustering analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Baseline data on individuals with T1D were pooled from two studies. A post hoc analysis of health-related quality of life, measured using the 36-item Short-Form questionnaire, was performed, referenced to the 2010 US general population. Descriptive statistics were presented for the pooled cohort and per BMI category. K-means clustering was performed. One-way analysis of variance was conducted to examine differences in clinical characteristics between clusters. RESULTS: The pooled cohort consisted of 2256 individuals with T1D (age 45.4 ± 15.0 years, BMI 26.2 ± 4.6 kg/m2, diabetes duration 22.7 ± 13.5 years). All quality-of-life domains were slightly lower than 50(the general population's mean), except for vitality. Individuals with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 reported lower scores for bodily pain, physical functioning, general health, and vitality. A first cluster with a high and a second cluster with a low quality of life were identified, with significant differences in the mental (Cluster 1 53.8 ± 6.8 vs. Cluster 2 39.5 ± 10.7; p < 0.001) and physical component summary scores (Cluster 1 49.6 ± 6.3 vs. Cluster 2 35.2 ± 12.0; p < 0.001), which exceeded differences found between BMI categories. CONCLUSIONS: In our population of people living with T1D, higher BMI may have adversely impacted physical domains of quality of life, but larger differences between the high- and low-quality-of-life cluster indicate that more factors play a role.