Distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air samples from Hanoi urban areas, Vietnam, and its implications for inhalation exposure.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
; 31(43): 55132-55144, 2024 Sep.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39218846
ABSTRACT
Sixteen PAHs in ambient air samples collected from residential and roadside areas in the Hanoi metropolitan were investigated. Total PAH concentrations in the ambient air samples ranged from 45.0 to 451 ng/m3. Among PAHs, phenanthrene was found at the most abundant and highest levels. The distributions of PAHs in the ambient air collected in the dry season were on average 26% higher than in the wet season. The PAH concentrations in the air samples collected from the traffic areas were significantly higher (about 2.7 times) than those in the residential areas, indicating that these chemicals originated from motor vehicles. According to vertical, the PAH concentrations found in the ambient air samples collected from the ground floor were significantly higher than on the upper level, however, there was not much difference when going higher (from 24 m (8th floor) to 111 m (37th floor)). The human exposure doses were estimated for two age groups (adults and children) based on the measured PAH concentrations, the inhalation rates, and body weights. The estimated exposure doses to PAHs through inhalation for adults/children were 1.13/2.86 (ng/kg-bw/d) (residential areas) and 3.24/8.18 (ng/kg-bw/d) (traffic areas), respectively. The average lifetime excess cancer risk (ECR) from inhalation exposure to PAHs was 3.0 × 10-4 at the traffic areas and 1.4 × 10-4 at the residential areas. These estimated exposure doses were above the acceptable level of the California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA) Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (1*10-6).
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Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos
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Monitoramento Ambiental
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Exposição por Inalação
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Poluentes Atmosféricos
Limite:
Humans
País como assunto:
Asia
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article