Childhood malaria parasitaemia and human immunodeficiency virus infection in Malawi.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg
; 88(2): 164-5, 1994.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-8036659
ABSTRACT
PIP Malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are major health problems in many areas in Sub-Saharan Africa. An interaction between malaria and HIV infection has been postulated, since both produce similar cellular immune responses, with a lowering of the CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio. The frequency of malaria parasitemia was examined in children born to HIV-seropositive and seronegative mothers attending regular postnatal visits. A prospective study on mother-to-infant transmission of HIV had been underway since 1989 in Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, a major hospital in urban Malawi. Standard HIV serology was performed on pregnant women, after obtaining consent. To reduce the effect of selection bias and seasonality, HIV seropositive (case) and seronegative (control) mothers and their infants were enrolled at delivery. Children included in the study were 503 born to 494 HIV-seropositive mothers and 540 born to 536 HIV-seronegative mothers. At each 3-monthly postpartum visit a Giemsa-stained thick blood film from the child was examined for malaria parasites. Children born to HIV-seropositive mothers were tested for HIV antibodies at 12 and 18 months of age. Of the 353 children born to HIV-seropositive mothers, 82 children (23.2%) were found to be HIV seropositive by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting at 12 and 18 months. No statistically significant difference was found in frequency of malaria parasitemia by maternal or infant HIV serostatus after controlling for child's age. There was, however, a significant trend of increase in high parasitemia with age, irrespective of the HIV serostatus of the mother or the child. The frequency of parasitemia was higher in the wet season than in the dry season. This study suggests that maternal or infant HIV infection does not alter susceptibility to, or the clinical course of, malaria in infants.^ieng
Palavras-chave
Africa; Africa South Of The Sahara; Age Factors; Case Control Studies; Child; Demographic Factors; Developing Countries; Diseases; Eastern Africa; English Speaking Africa; Examinations And Diagnoses; Family And Household; Family Characteristics; Family Relationships; Hiv Infections; Hiv Serodiagnosis; Laboratory Examinations And Diagnoses; Malaria; Malawi; Mothers; Parasitic Diseases; Parents; Population; Population Characteristics; Research Report; Studies; Viral Diseases; Youth
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Soropositividade para HIV
/
Soronegatividade para HIV
/
Malária
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
/
Infant
País como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
1994
Tipo de documento:
Article