Classical swine fever in wild boar (Sus scrofa)--experimental infections and viral persistence.

ABSTRACT

A pregnant wild boar and two wild boar weaners were inoculated intranasally with a field isolate of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) recently derived from a diseased domestic pig. The clinical, pathological and haematological findings noted in the young wild boars were comparable to those in domestic weaner pigs inoculated with the same virus isolate. Both wild boars showed the acute haemorrhagic form of CSF, one animal died 18 days post inoculation (p. i.) and the second one had to be euthanized when moribund two days later. The wild boar sow did not show any signs of illness p. i. but seroconversion was noticed. Twenty-eight days p. i. birth was given to six clinically healthy offsprings. One of the newborn proved to be viraemic until death when 39 days of age. Except for poor growth no other symptoms were noticed in this piglet. The non-viraemic litter mates remained healthy, although they had close contact to the persistently infected piglet. High titres of neutralizing antibodies against CSFV were measured in the serum samples of these offsprings. All findings were more or less in accordance with observations previously made in domestic pigs when infected with CSFV around 85 to 90 days of gestation. The wild boar was calculated to have been inoculated at about 87 to 92 days of gestation.