Aminoglycoside prescription, therapeutic monitoring and nephrotoxicity at a university hospital in Saudi Arabia.
J Chemother
; 8(4): 278-83, 1996 Aug.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-8873833
We studied the use of aminoglycosides at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, including prescriptions, dosage, serum levels, toxic factors and treatment outcome. Two hundred and fifty-six patients on aminoglycosides were involved in the study period November-December 1994: 24 (9.4%) patients were on amikacin and 232 (90.6%) patients were on gentamicin. The serum concentration was below the therapeutic range in 75% of the patients on amikacin and 50% on gentamicin. Serum concentrations within the therapeutic range (> 20 micrograms/ml; < 35 micrograms/ml for amikacin, and > 6 micrograms/ml and < 10 micrograms/ml for gentamicin) were achieved in 4% and 44% of patients respectively. The dosage was adjusted during therapy for 57% of the patients because of low levels, and for 43% of the patients because of toxic levels. More than 30% of the patients had their serum monitored for the first time 3 days after starting aminoglycoside therapy. Aminoglycosides were discontinued before the end of the course in 157 (62%) patients because 24% of them had developed toxic levels and 24% had not responded to the treatment. Successful outcome was achieved in 170 (66%) of the patients, however, 50% of them had inappropriate serum levels. The risk factors that are significantly associated with aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity were duration of therapy (P = 0.008), renal, liver diseases and ampicillin given concurrently with the aminoglycosides (P = < 0.05).
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Padrões de Prática Médica
/
Amicacina
/
Gentamicinas
/
Nefropatias
/
Antibacterianos
/
Monitorização Fisiológica
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Aged
/
Aged80
/
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
/
Male
País como assunto:
Asia
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
1996
Tipo de documento:
Article