Laser applications in the tracheobronchial tree.

ABSTRACT

This article outlines the historical development of the use of lasers in the tracheobronchial tree, the current indications for the use of carbon dioxide and neodymiumyttrium-aluminum-garnet lasers, and the management of complications. The merits of other laser wavelengths are mentioned, including use of the potassium titanyl phosphate laser in the pediatric airway. Photodynamic therapy is discussed, and some future developments are introduced.