The Use of a Ti-Ni Shape Memory Alloy Ring Bone Fixator During the Retrograde Nailing of Supracondylar Femoral Fractures

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To identify the effects of using a Ti-Ni shape memory alloy ring shaped bone fixator (SMA-rBF) during the retrograde nailing of supracondylar femoral fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors reviewed 25 patients with a supracondylar femoral fracture treated by retrograde intramedullary nailing with or without SMA-rBF (group S, 12/25; group N, 13/25). Radiological measurements of angular deformity were performed and functional assessments were made using the Sanders grading system. RESULTS: All fractures healed after an average of 12.2 weeks (range, 9-15 weeks) in group N and after 11.6 weeks (range, 10-13 weeks) in group S (p=0.351). The mean angle of coronal angular deformity was valgus 0.8degrees (range, varus 2.3degrees-valgus 4.5degrees) in group N and valgus 0.7degrees (range, varus 1.0degrees-valgus 2.4degrees) in group S (p=0.892). The mean angle of sagittal angular deformity was 1.0degrees in extension (range, flexion 3.2degrees-extension 3.1degrees) in group N and 0degrees (range, flexion 2.1degrees-extension 1.2degrees) in group S (p=0.022). However, functional grading evaluations revealed no differences between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: When reduction of a distal femoral fracture with retrograde nailing was difficult additional mini-open reduction and fixation with a ring shaped SMA did not delay or prevent bony union and resulted in good postoperative alignment.