Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A and hepatitis E in Jiaxing City from 2005 to 2021 / 预防医学

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A and hepatitis E in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province from 2005 to 2021, so as to provide insights into prevention and control of hepatitis A and hepatitis E.@*Methods@#Data of hepatitis A and hepatitis E reported in Jiaxing City from 2005 to 2021 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The temporal, spatial and population distribution of hepatitis A and hepatitis E were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method, and the trends in incidence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E were evaluated using annual percent change (APC). @*Results@# Totally 1 830 hepatitis A cases were reported in Jiaxing City from 2005 to 2021, with an annual average incidence of 2.44/105, and 2 deaths were reported, with a fatality rate of 0.11%. The incidence of hepatitis A appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2005 to 2012 (APC=-37.807%, P<0.05) and was relatively stable from 2012 to 2021 (APC=-1.277%, P>0.05), and the incidence peaked from July to September, with a monthly average incidence of 0.30/105. Higher annual average incidence of hepatitis A was seen in urban areas than in rural areas (3.91/105 vs. 1.92/105; P<0.05), among people at ages of 30 to 39 years (4.19/105), and among men than among women (3.00/105 vs. 1.93/105; P<0.05). Farmers were the predominant occupation (759 cases, 41.31%). Totally 2 176 hepatitis E cases were reported in Jiaxing City from 2005 to 2021, with an annual average incidence of 2.91/105, and 7 deaths were reported, with a fatality rate of 0.32%. The incidence of hepatitis E was relatively stable from 2005 to 2011 (APC=3.421%, P>0.05) and appeared a tendency towards a decline from 2011 to 2021 (APC=-4.294%, P<0.05), and the incidence peaked from January to March, with a monthly average incidence of 0.38/105. Higher annual average incidence of hepatitis E was seen in urban areas than in rural areas (3.50/105 vs. 2.70/105; P<0.05), among people at ages of 70 to 79 years (6.20/105), and among men than among women (3.74/105 vs. 2.05/105; P<0.05). Farmers were the predominant occupation (1 079 cases, 49.59%).@*Conclusions@#The incidence of hepatitis A and hepatitis E appeared a tendency towards a decline in Jiaxing City from 2005 to 2021. The incidence of hepatitis A was high in summer, and cases were mainly males, young and middle-aged people and farmers. The incidence of hepatitis E was high in winter, and cases were mainly males, elderly people and farmers.