[Prevalence of dental caries: national pilot study comparing the severity of decay (CAO) vs ICDAS index in Senegal]. / Prévalence de la carie dentaire: étude pilote nationale comparant l'indice de sévérité de la carie (CAO) vs ICDAS au Sénégal.

UNLABELLED: This pilot study has for main objective to measure the applicability and the utility of ICDAS index in a context of prevention in developing countries. Dental caries prevalence was evaluated among schoolchildren using DMF (WHO basic method) vs. ICDAS index in Senegal. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A representative stratified random cluster sample of 677 primary and college schoolchildren aged 12 and 15 years was examined for caries prevalence. The clinical examination was conducted in two steps for each. The investigator proceeded at first to the inventory of the number of teeth decayed (D), missing (M) or filled (F) according to the WHO basic method. Then, after cleaning and drying all teeth, a two-digit ICDAS code was used to record data at each dental surface. RESULTS: Caries prevalence (96%) was higher than expected in Senegal. ICDAS index provides 43% moreover information than DMF. The need for prevention (ICDAS1: 66%/72% and ICDAS2: 54%/58%) and intercept (ICDAS3: 40%/42% and ICDAS4: 31%/33%) are higher than the need of curative treatment (ICDAS5: 18%/23% and ICDAS6: 27%/33%) respectively among primary and college schoolchildren. CONCLUSION: Preventive programs are urgently needed in Senegal. It's necessary to lead epidemiological studies in other African countries for determining caries prevalence using the ICDAS criteria to harmonize oral health regional planning.

[Prevalence of dental caries among 12-year old schoolchildren in the Dakar region]. / Prévalence de la carie dentaire chez les élèves de 12 ans de la région de Dakar.

Oral diseases are considered as major public health problem. Dental caries restricts the school activities and are the dominant cause of dental morbidity. The aims of this survey were to determine prevalence of dental caries among pupils of Dakar and to study their food habits and oral hygiene. A descriptive transversal study was conducted from February 15th to May 07th, 2011 with respect of WHO directives (protocol of 1997) readjusted to Senegalese context. Our results showed a prevalence of 41.8%; a mean DMF index of 0.644; a proportion of teeth decayed of 65%, 32.2% for missing teeth and 2.7% of filled teeth. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that snacking, consumption of sweetened drinks far from meals and brushing teeth before the meals were significantly linked to the presence of dental caries. These results showed that the state of oral health and the prevention level of dental caries among these children were not so good. A new orientation of oral health policy based on messages regarding the main etiologic factors is imperative.

[Study of mastication in denture wearers among various ages]. / Etude des parametres physiologiques de la mastication chez des sujets ages porteurs de protheses adjointes completes.

INTRODUCTION: Recent studies have shown that it was possible for subjects with masticatory deficiency chewing achieve a satisfactory level of fragmentation of food by acting on some physiological parameters as the number of cycles and the time devoted to a sequence of mastication. METHOD: The objective of this work is to study the effects of the wearing of complete prostheses, of ageing on the physiological parameters from the chewing on a population of 110 subjects. RESULTS: The results show an important effect of the dental status. Indeed denture weaers need twice more cycles than controls of the same age to make a ham portion ready to be swallowed. Significant an age effect with regard to the number of cycles was also noted. The rheology of food affects the number of cycles which increases with the hardness of food.

[Relationships between masticatory performance and nutritional state in complete denture wearers]. / Relations entre Performance Masticatrice et Etat Nutritionnel chez des Sujets Porteurs de Prothèses Complètes.

UNLABELLED: For many authors masticatory dysfunctions are related to reduction in dietary intake with malnutrition as a possible consequence. The aim of the present study was to further investigate the relationships between masticatory performance and nutritional state in complete denture wearers. METHOD: Masticatory performance was assessed using a granulometric method in 74 subjects divided into 2 subgroups according to their dental status (normal dentition and complete dental wearers). Nutritional status of study subjects was analyzed with Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). RESULTS: There were a significant association between wearing denture and Nutritional Status as assessed by MNA. Using this scale, a risk of malnutrition was found in 80% of subjects wearing complete denture and in 26% in the normal dentition sub group (p < 0.0001). There were also a positive and significant correlation between, the particle size distribution and masticated test food and nutritional status. CONCLUSION: Complete denture wearers are at greater risk of malnutrition than did subjects with normal dentition.

[Study of the characteristics of the food bolus in elderly subjects with complete dentures]. / Etude des caractristiques du bol alimentaire chez des sujets agés porteurs de prothèses complètes.

Many studies have shown that wearing of complete dentures impairs masticatory function. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of complete denture wearing and ageing on masticatory performance. Masticatory performance was assessed by a granulometric method on 110 subjects divided into 3 groups according to dental state and age. The results show edentulous subjects have a masticatory performance worse than their congeneric of the same age. Indeed, the median of the distribution of the size of the particles is more important at the carriers of prostheses than at the toothed old subjects (P < 0.0001). On the other hand the extent of the distribution does not vary significantly between these 2 groups of subjects. The parameters of the masticatory performance do not vary in a statistically significant way between the old subjects and the young controls. There is thus no significant effect of the age on the parameters of the performance masticatory.