The effect of reminiscence therapy on cognitive level, quality of life and depressive symptoms in older adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that reminiscence therapy can effectively reduce cognitive and psychological symptoms. This study was conducted to examine the effect of individual reminiscence therapy on cognitive level, quality of life and depressive symptoms in older adults with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: This study is an experimental type, randomised controlled study designed in pre-test - post-test design. The sample size of the study consisted of 58 older adults with type 2 diabetes, consisting of 29 intervention and 29 control subjects. The older adults in the intervention group were individually subjected to 5 weeks of reminiscence therapy in two sessions (each session 40-45 min) per week. No intervention was applied to the control group. Personal Information Form, Standardised Mini Mental Test, SF-36 Quality of Life and Beck Depression Inventory were used to collect the data. RESULTS: While there was no significant difference between the pre-test Mini Mental Test, Beck Depression Inventory total score and SF-36 Quality of Life Scale mental and physical health sub-dimension mean scores of the older adults in the intervention group and the mean scores of those in the control group (P > 0.05), the difference between the Mini Mental Test, Beck Depression Inventory total score and SF-36 Quality of Life Scale mental and physical health sub-dimension mean scores of the older adults in the intervention and control groups in the post-test was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). The post-test Mini Mental Test total score, SF-36 Quality of Life Scale mental and physical health sub-dimension mean scores of the older adults in the intervention group were higher than the older adults in the control group. It was determined that the post-test Beck Depression Inventory total mean scores of the older adults in the intervention group were lower than the older adults in the control group. CONCLUSION: Reminiscence therapy can positively affect cognitive levels, quality of life and depression symptoms of older adults living in the community. Individual reminiscence therapy can be used as a nursing intervention in primary healthcare.

Effect of solution-focused approach on problematic internet use, health behaviors in schoolchildren.

BACKGROUND: Problematic internet use negatively affects adolescents' health behaviors and school success. PURPOSE: This study evaluated the effects of a solution-focused approach (SFA) on adolescents' problematic internet use, health behaviors, and perceived academic success. METHODS: A randomized controlled experimental design was used with pre-test-post-test. The sample comprised 128 middle school students, with 64 in the intervention group and 64 in the control group. Data were collected using an information form, Young's Internet Addiction Test, the Nutrition-Exercise Behavior Scale, and the Nutrition-Exercise Attitude Scale. The intervention group attended six SFA group meetings. RESULTS: "The intervention group's, mean pre- and post-test internet addiction scores were 35.65 ± 4.43 and 17.07 ± 5.01, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between the post test groups (p < 0.05) for mean internet addiction, total nutrition-exercise attitude, and total nutrition-exercise behavior and subdimension (except regular meals) scores and perceived academic success. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE AND RESEARCH: SFA may prevent students' uncontrolled internet use, help them gain positive health behaviors, and increase perceived academic success. The school nurse, on the other hand, may support the adolescent and their families with solution-focused interview strategies.

Relationship between suicide risk, and violence tendency and eating attitude in working and non-working adolescents: a comparative study.

Although adolescent suicide rates increase significantly, the suicide risk and associated factors in working adolescents is generally neglected. In the present study, it was aimed to determine suicide risk and related factors such as violence tendency and eating attitude in working and non-working adolescents. This case-control study was conducted with 325 adolescents (161 working adolescents, 164 non-working adolescents) between November 2018 and January 2019, in Turkey. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Suicide Probability Scale, Violence Tendency Scale and Eating Attitude Test. In the study, the suicide risk was significantly higher in working adolescents (80.79 ± 29.99) than in non-working adolescents (71.90 ± 26.46). Also, working adolescents were determined to be at more risk in terms of violence tendency, eating disorder and substance use than were non-working adolescents. According to linear regression analysis, sex, mother's attitude, presence of a physical or mental illness, alcohol use, violence tendency and eating attitude were statistically significant predictive factors of suicide risk in working adolescents. Researchers, healthcare professionals, educators and policymakers have important responsibilities to improve the mental health of working adolescents.

The Effect of Islamic Belief and Spiritual Well-being on Organ Donation in Turkey: A Descriptive-Relational Study.

The aim of the study is to determine how Islamic belief and spiritual well-being affect the attitudes of individuals towards organ donation. The study was designed as a descriptive-relational study and included the participation of 402 adults in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. For data collection, a personal information form, the Organ Donation Attitude Scale, and the Spiritual Well-being Scale were used. A statistically significant relationship was observed between the acceptance of organ donation according to Islamic beliefs and organ donation attitude. A negative relationship was found between organ donation attitude and the scores on the anomie sub-dimension of the Spiritual Well-being Scale, while a positive relationship was found between organ donation attitude and the scores on the transcendence and harmony with nature sub-dimensions. It was concluded from the results that Islamic belief and spiritual well-being have an effect on the organ donation attitudes of individuals.

Anxiety levels and solution-focused thinking skills of nurses and midwives working in primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A descriptive correlational study.

AIMS: To determine the state-trait anxiety levels and solution-focused thinking skills of primary care nurses/midwives during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to evaluate the factors affecting these variables and the determinants of state-trait anxiety levels. BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 outbreak has created intense anxiety in nurses/midwives that may affect the care they provide. Nurses and midwives may manage anxiety using solution-focused thinking skills. METHODS: This descriptive correlational study included 170 nurses/midwives at 61 family health centres evaluated from 1 August to 14 September 2020. RESULTS: The participants' state and trait anxiety scores were above average, indicating a moderate level of anxiety and the mean total solution-focused inventory scores were at a moderate level. It was determined that 47.9% of the variance in state anxiety scores could be explained by trait anxiety, age, years of professional experience, chronic illness, type of work shift during the pandemic, follow-up of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 using computed tomography or a COVID-19 test, and whether the institution was taking necessary measures against COVID-19. There was a negative relationship between state anxiety and solution-focused inventory total score. CONCLUSION: Nurses/midwives displayed a moderate level of anxiety and solution-focused thinking skills during the COVID-19 pandemic. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Steps should be taken to improve nurses' solution-focused thinking skills to enable them to organise quickly and manage care processes successfully in extraordinary circumstances such as pandemics. Moreover, personal empowerment programmes should be recommended for nurses and midwives to help them cope with anxiety.

The effect of the solution-focused approach on nutrition-exercise attitudes and behaviours of overweight and obese adolescents: Randomised controlled trial.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of the solution-focused approach interview technique on overweight/obese adolescents' nutrition-exercise attitudes and behaviours. BACKGROUND: Obesity is a serious health problem for all age groups, particularly adolescents; therefore, it is important for adolescents to develop healthy nutrition habits and acquire exercise behaviours. Unless healthy nutrition-exercise behaviours are acquired, obesity can develop in adolescence, continue in adulthood. Focusing on solutions can be effective for overweight/obese adolescents to develop healthy nutrition-exercise behaviours. DESIGN: A pretest-post-test randomised controlled trial design was used. METHODS: The study included 32 overweight/obese adolescents (16 for intervention group, 16 for control group) aged 12-13 years who attended a health centre and met the inclusion criteria. The solution-focused Approach interview technique was applied to the intervention group. Eight solution-focused interviews were conducted with each adolescent at 2-week intervals (interview length 30-45 min). For each group, anthropometric, metabolic measurement follow-ups were conducted in the first and sixth months. The data were evaluated using independent samples t test, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon test, respectively, for normally, non-normally distributed variables. The categorical variables were compared using chi-square test. The value p < .05 was accepted to be statistically significant. RESULTS: The study concluded that the intervention group's healthy nutrition-exercise attitude and behaviour scale scores were higher in the sixth month follow-up; difference between the follow-ups was significant (p < .001). The study also showed that the intervention group lost 2.6-11 kg, while the control group gained 2.9-9 kg. A significant positive relationship was found between the nutrition-exercise attitude and behaviour scores. CONCLUSION: Eight interviews during 6 months were adequate for positive development of their nutrition-exercise attitudes and behaviours; significant decrease in their weight, BMI percentile, BMI-SDS values; and normal metabolic values. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The solution-focused approach interview technique enabled overweight/obese adolescents' weight and blood glucose to be controlled against obesity. It helped them acquire healthy nutrition-exercise behaviours. Thus, it can be used as support for treatment of obesity in adolescents.

Nursing Care Experiences With Syrian Refugees in Southern Turkey: A Metaphor Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Healthcare professionals' "cultural prejudices" toward individuals' cultural beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions affect the care they provide. Their awareness of their bias is closely associated with the quality of healthcare provided. PURPOSE: This study was designed to assess nurses' perceptions regarding providing care to Syrian refugee patients using metaphors and to evaluate their views based on these metaphors. METHODS: The participants in this qualitative study consisted of 80 nurses who worked in Level 1 and Level 2 health institutions. Data were collected using an interview form prepared by the researchers. The form included descriptive characteristics of the nurses and two expressions used to determine the nurses' opinions on providing care for Syrian refugee patients. The nurses were given an incomplete sentence, which was "Providing care for a Syrian refugee patient…because…," and were asked to complete the blanks. The data were analyzed using the content analysis method. RESULTS: On the basis of "providing care for Syrian refugee patients," four categories of metaphors were determined: occupational awareness, health promotion, a difficult process/resistance, and providing service in vain. The participants generated 50 metaphors, with "humanity," "a baby/little child," and "a barrier" as the three most used metaphors, belonging to the "occupational awareness" and "a difficult process/resistance" categories, respectively. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The metaphors of nurses regarding giving care to Syrian refugee patients were mostly concentrated in the categories of "occupational awareness" and "a difficult process/resistance." Metaphors generated by the nurses offer a powerful research tool to reveal, understand, and explain nurses' personal perceptions and to develop and support nursing care accordingly. In addition, the subject of transcultural nursing should be discussed more extensively in nursing education programs. Understanding the social context of refugees is very important during the nursing care process.

Not being able to hug our baby before the cables: Early experiences of parents with premature babies.

BACKGROUND: The nursing care provided after the intensive care period and discharge can contribute to the optimal growth and development of the baby while protecting the mental health of the parents. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to examine in detail the experiences of parents with premature babies about having a premature baby and their experiences with the hospitalization process of their babies in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). DESIGN: The methodological approach was informed by Van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenological methodology. The sample consisted of 15 parents who had a preterm baby in the NICU of a state hospital in Turkey. RESULTS: The data obtained from this study were categorized under four themes: having a preterm baby, perception of intensive care, feelings toward nurses, emotions about discharge and home care. CONCLUSIONS: Health professionals should know what the parents' perception of being a parent and having a premature baby is.

Experiences, thoughts, and feelings of patients with a diabetic foot ulcer in Turkey: A qualitative descriptive study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of foot ulcers on male patients diagnosed with type-2 diabetes, foot care and treatment, and the difficulties, experiences, feelings, and perspectives of male patients regarding foot ulcers. METHODS: This study designed as a qualitative descriptive study. The study sample included 14 male patients diagnosed with a diabetic foot ulcer. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Three main themes were identified from the interviews: diabetic foot ulcer development, diabetic foot ulcer effects, and healthcare experiences with the diabetic foot ulcer. CONCLUSION: The results of this study may serve to provide a guideline for healthcare professionals to develop foot care strategies. While the patients who participated in the study were well-informed about foot care and diabetes management, their self-care practices were poor. Good management of diabetes and external factors were correlated with the development of foot ulcers.

Examining the relationship between solution-focused thinking skills and self-efficacy levels of nursing students in Turkey.

BACKGROUND: Learning and developing communication skills fundamental to solution-focused thinking increases the confidence of nursing students towards individuals and improves their self-efficacy, thereby enabling these students to plan appropriate care. PURPOSE: To evaluate solution-focused thinking skills and self-efficacy levels of nursing students and to determine the factors affecting these variables as well as the relationship among them. METHOD: This was a descriptive and correlational study. The study was conducted between March and June 2019 with 337 nursing students from two universities with different curricula. Data were collected using a "personal information form," the "solution-focused inventory," and the "self-efficacy scale." RESULTS: A statistically significant positive relationship was observed in the total scores on the solution-focused inventory and self-efficacy scale and the mean scores on the completing behavior and dealing with obstacles on the self-efficacy scale. In addition, a moderate relationship (r = 0.447, p < 0.01) was observed between the total solution-focused inventory scores and mean scores of completing behavior on the self-efficacy scale. CONCLUSIONS: The nursing students had above-average mean scores on the solution-focused inventory and self-efficacy scales. However the students can further enhance their problem-solving ability by improving their solution-focused skills and self-efficacy.

Evaluation of peer bullying, internet addiction, and psychological adaptation level of students aged 9-15.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate peer bullying, internet addiction, and psychological adaptation capabilities of students in the 9-15 age group. DESIGN AND METHODS: The study was performed as cross-sectional-descriptive research with 880 students included in the research sample. FINDINGS: One-fourth of the students in the 9-15 age group suffered from psychological adaptation issues, one-fifth suffered from bullying issues, and 16.5% suffered from internet addiction. CONCLUSION: There is a need for early determination in risky age groups, a collaboration between parents and teachers in schools, and extended social studies on the prevention of peer bullying and internet addiction.