Cochlear Implantation in Deaf Children with Coexisting Otitis Media with Effusion: A comparative study.

Objectives: Cochlear implantation (CI) is a definitive treatment for profound hearing loss in children and adults. Operating on an infected ear is considered a challenge. Hence, CI in the presence of otitis media with effusion (OME) prior to CI surgery has sparked a debate among neurotologists: treat the OME first or go ahead with surgical intervention. This study was conducted to determine whether CI in patients with OME at the time of the surgery has any influence on the surgery procedure, post-operative complications and surgical outcome. Methods: A retrospective descriptive analysis of data collected from records of patients who underwent CI surgery in Al Nahdha Hospital, Muscat, Oman, from 2000 to 2018 was conducted. The targeted age group was six months to 14 years old, excluding all adults and patients whose operations were done outside the chosen institution. Results: Out of 369 children, 175 had OME preceding surgery compared to 194 who did not have OME. Intraoperative oedematous hypertrophied middle ear mucosa was observed only in patients with OME (n = 18; P <0.050). Moreover, among the patients with OME, mild intraoperative bleeding occurred in six cases compared to only one case in the non-OME group (P <0.050). Overall, no significant difference was observed in postoperative surgical complications between the two groups (P >0.050). Conclusion: The presence of OME is associated with intraoperative technical difficulties, such as impaired visualisation and bleeding. However, OME is not determinative in performing CI in terms of postoperative complications and outcome. Therefore, there is no need to delay CI until the OME resolves.

Defining the feasibility of same day adrenalectomy - A prospective matched cohort study.

Background: Despite technical advances, day surgery still accounts for <1 % of adrenal procedures. We investigated feasibility and safety of same day adrenalectomy (SDA). Methods: Between We recruited 30 patients with primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA) or Cushing's syndrome (CS) into a prospective matched, single centre cohort study to evaluate the impact of exposure to a same day discharge pathway (SDA cohort; n = 10) or inpatient adrenalectomy (PIPA cohort; n = 20). We compared results to a matched cohort (n = 40) from our prospective in-patient adrenalectomy registry (RIPA cohort). Results: Mean age was 51.3 ± 8.5 years, with 43 % female, 3.3 % ASA I and 96.7 % ASA II. Lesion size was 17 ± 9 mm (range 5-40 mm). 80 % of patients presented with PHA. The predefined primary endpoint (discharge on same calendar day without major complications, emergency presentation or readmission) was achieved in 100 % of SDA, but none of the in-patients (χ2 = 57; p < 0.0001). The secondary endpoint (discharge within 23 h of surgery without major complications, emergency presentation or readmission) was achieved in 100 % of SDA, 90 % of PIPA (n.s.), 33 % of RIPA (33 %; χ2 = 14.6 p < 0.001), and 51.5 % of IPA patients (χ2 = 8.5 p < 0.01). Combining SDA and PIPA cohorts, 93.3 % of treatment episodes met widely used (WHO, United States) definitions of day surgery as completion of the hospital care episode within 23 h. Patients admitted for SDA were highly satisfied (100 %). Conclusion: Same day discharge after adrenalectomy is feasible, safe, and well-perceived in appropriately selected patients with PHA and Cushing's syndrome.

Incomplete Partition Type III: Computed Tomography Features and Cochlear Implantation Complications.

In this case report, we review a male child who presented with severe bilateral hearing loss. Preoperative high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) evaluation facilitated the initial diagnosis of the disease, which revealed typical findings of cochlear incomplete partition type III anomaly (IP-III), surgical planning, and cochlear implant selection to avoid possible complications. The child underwent cochlear implantation, which resulted in gushing and misplacement of the electrodes into the internal auditory canal (IAC) as postoperative complications. Postoperative imaging was used to determine the position of the implant and to assess the complications. The child's postoperative X-ray revealed misplacement of the cochlear implant, the extent of which was further assessed by a HRCT scan for preplanning the revision surgery and electrode selection. Following the revision surgery, a further HRCT scan confirmed proper implantation and ruled out any further complications.