Utilizing ChatGPT-4 for Providing Information on Periodontal Disease to Patients: A DISCERN Quality Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Due to their ability to mimic human responses, anthropomorphic entities such as ChatGPT have a higher likelihood of gaining people's trust. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of information generated by ChatGPT-4, as an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot, on periodontal disease (PD) using the DISCERN instrument. METHODS: Using Google Bard, the topics related to PD that had the highest search volume according to Google Trends were identified. An interactive dialogue was created by placing the topics in the standard question pattern. As a patient with PD, detailed information was requested from ChatGPT-4 regarding the relevant topics. The 'regenerate response' feature was not employed, and the initial response generated by ChatGPT-4 was carefully considered for each topic as new prompts in the form of questions were entered. The response to each question was independently assessed and rated by two experienced raters using the DISCERN instrument. RESULTS: Based on the total DISCERN scores, the qualities of the responses generated by ChatGPT-4 were 'good', except for the two responses that rater-2 scored as 'fair'. It was also observed that the 'treatment choices' section of both raters had significantly fewer scores than the other sections. In both weighted kappa and Krippendorff alpha measures, the strength of agreement varied from 'substantial' to 'almost-perfect', and the correlation between values was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Despite some limitations in providing complete treatment choice information according to the DISCERN instrument, it is considered valuable for PD patients seeking information, as it consistently offered accurate guidance in the majority of responses.

Innovative i-PRF semisurgical method for gingival augmentation and root coverage in thin periodontal phenotypes: a preliminary study.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) on gingival thickness and gingival recession in individuals with thin periodontal phenotypes. METHOD AND MATERIALS: In this prospective study, i-PRF was applied via a semisurgical method to augment 53 tooth regions with thin periodontal phenotypes. In order to ensure that sufficient blood clot formed on the side of the gingiva facing the bone and that i-PRF reached the area, a minimal incision was made with the help of a scalpel in the apical region of the relevant region, and the periosteum was elevated with a microsurgical instrument. To ensure sustained exposure to angiogenetic growth factors and enhance the histoconductive properties, i-PRF injection was applied to the relevant areas in four sessions at 10-day intervals. RESULTS: An increase in gingival thickness was achieved in 92.5% of the areas treated with i-PRF, and the desired gingival thickness (0.8 mm) was achieved in 44.9% of these areas. In addition, significant reductions in the amount of recession were observed in 83.3% of the 12 gingival recession areas (P = .005). Moreover, complete coverage was achieved in 60% of these regions. CONCLUSION: With the new i-PRF semisurgical method, it was shown that gingival thickness can be increased in tooth regions with thin gingiva, and that areas of gingival recession can be covered. Further comprehensive studies are needed to fully understand the role of i-PRF in enhancing angiogenesis and the histoconductive properties of this fully autogenous blood concentrate.

Evaluation of the Periodontal Disease Effect on Pulp Volume.

INTRODUCTION: The success of periodontal and endodontic treatments depends on the total recovery from both conditions regardless of their occurrence as independent or combined lesions. There is strong presumptive evidence that teeth with periodontal disease may cause pulpal inflammation and degeneration. Therefore, the goal of this study was to establish a correlation between periodontitis and pulp volume. METHODS: Thirty-four dental images from 17 patients obtained by cone-beam computed tomography were analyzed by medical software to create three-dimensional images. Paired t test analysis was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The statistical analysis showed that periodontitis had a significant effect on the volume and surface areas of the dental pulp (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study showed that periodontitis causes pulp volume to reduce by approximately 20%. The use of three-dimensional models provides better understanding of the dental anatomy before endodontic treatment and, consequently, improvement of treatment outcomes. Additional studies are needed to investigate the effect of periodontal disease on pulp volume and surface area.

Peri-implant crevicular fluid levels of cathepsin-K, RANKL, and OPG around standard, short, and mini dental implants after prosthodontic loading.

PURPOSE: Despite the high success rates of endosseous dental implants, their placement is restricted according to the height and volume of bone available. The use of short or mini dental implants could be one way to overcome this limitation. Thus, this study aimed to compare standard, short, and mini dental implants with regard to associated clinical parameters and peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) levels of cathepsin -K (CTSK), RANK ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG), after prosthodontic loading. METHODS: A total of 78 non-submerged implants (Euroteknika, Aesthetica(+2), Sallanches, France) were installed in 30 subjects (13 male, 17 female; range, 26-62 years) who visited the clinic of the Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University. Sampling and measurements were performed on the loading date (baseline) and 2, 14, and 90 days after loading. Assessment of the peri-implant status for the implant sites was performed using the pocket probing depth (PPD), modified plaque index, modified gingival index, modified sulcular bleeding index, and radiographic signs of bone loss. PICF samples collected from each implant were evaluated for CTSK, RANKL, and OPG levels using the ELISA method. Keratinized tissue and marginal bone loss (MBL) were also noted. RESULTS: Clinical parameters statistically significantly increased in each group but did not show statistical differences between groups without PPD. Although implant groups showed a higher MBL in the upper jaw, only the standard dental group demonstrated a statistically significant difference. At 90 days, the OPG: sRANKL ratio and total amounts of CTSK for each group did not differ from baseline. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, both short and mini dental implants were achieving the same outcomes as the standard dental implants in the early period after loading.