Tunica albuginea cyst: rare testicular mass.

A case of a benign tunica albuginea cyst as a possible testicular malignancy is presented.

Anticoagulation in urologic surgery.

The present report describes a pilot project to apply the principle of minidose heparinization to patients undergoing prostatectomy, comparing a control group of 50 prostatectomies treated in conventional fashion to a study group of 43 prostatectomies treated with minidose heparinization. Results of the study indicate that perioperative minidose heparinization in patients undergoing prostatectomy is associated with longer hospitalization, greater need for blood transfusion, greater degree of immediate and delayed postoperative bleeding, and a higher incidence of "rebound" pulmonary embolization after cessation of heparin, than in patients treated in conventional fashion.

Vascular obstruction of ureter after transureteroureterostomy.

Transureteroureterostomy in 6 dogs with the ureter transposed to cross the arterial notch between the caudal (inferior) mesenteric artery and aorta did not result in vascular induced ureteral obstruction.

Pharmacokinetics of trimethoprim in the rat.

The pharmacokinetics of trimethoprim was studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats following the intravenous administration of trimethoprim at a dose of 25 mg/kg. Plasma and tissue levels of trimethoprim, as a function of time, were determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The disposition of trimethoprim was described by both a two-compartment open model with elimination from a central compartment and a noncompartmental method. For the compartmental analysis, the terminal elimination rate constant, elimination half-life, apparent volume of distribution in the central compartment, apparent volume of distribution in the central compartment based on the area under the plasma concentration-time curve, and volume of distribution at steady state, were determined to be 0.007 min-1, 99 min, 2059 mL/kg, 5729 mL/kg, and 2473 mL/kg, respectively. Noncompartmental pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by the statistical moment theory. The estimates for mean residence time, clearance, and volume of distribution at steady state of trimethoprim were calculated to be 52 min, 40 mL.min-1kg-1, and 2097 mL, respectively. Tissue distribution of trimethoprim followed a biphasic phenomenon with a maximum concentration at 30 min for heart, lung, spleen, liver, kidney, seminal vesicles, and muscle, and at 45 min for testicles, 20 min for prostate gland, and less than 10 min for brain. The data show that compared with the plasma concentration, higher levels of trimethoprim were found in heart, lung, spleen, liver, kidney, prostate gland, and seminal vesicles; a similar concentration was found for muscle, but lower levels of trimethoprim were found for brain and testicles.

Shockwave lithotripsy and pacemakers: experience with 20 cases.

Lithotripsy treatment of urinary tract calculi initially excluded patients with cardiac pacemakers. Continued research and clinical study of patient outcomes has promoted a change in that initial concept. The Oklahoma Lithotripsy Center has successfully treated 20 patients with various types of pacemakers. No significant cardiovascular events occurred during treatment. Patients should be evaluated before the procedure by a cardiologist, and dual-chamber pacemakers should be reprogrammed to the single-chamber mode. Patients who cannot tolerate this should not undergo SWL. Rate-responsive pacemakers should be programmed to the non-rate-responsive (VVI) mode. The pacemaker should be at least 5 cm from the blast path. With these precautions and careful monitoring, SWL can be performed safely in most patients with pacemakers.

The effects of the vasoconstrictor epinephrine on the duration of pulpal anesthesia using the intraligamentary injection.

The use of the intraligamentary injection to achieve dental anesthesia is becoming a popular alternative to conventional dental techniques. This study compares the duration of anesthesia achieved by intraligamentary injection using lidocaine, lidocaine with epinephrine 1:50,000, lidocaine with epinephrine 1:100,000, and epinephrine 1:100,000. Using chi 2 and paired t-test analysis, there was no significant difference found in the efficacy of the agents studied in achieving pulpal anesthesia.

Lithotripsy for retained common duct stones: a quasi-urological procedure.

A protocol for bile duct lithotripsy was formulated in early 1988 after review of the literature and encouragement by gastroenterologists. Seven cases have been treated at our center and are being reported to explain our current concept of this therapy. Failure of the Food and Drug Administration to approve gallstone lithotripsy has complicated the promulgation of this procedure.

Uptake of trimethoprim and metronidazole in the seminal vesicle: experimental study.

A rat model for determining drug levels in the seminal vesicle was developed. In separate studies, trimethoprim and metronidazole were injected intravenously into rats and assays of seminal vesicle, plasma, and prostate performed. Drug levels were detected early in both the seminal vesicle and prostate. This appears to be the first study to report drug levels in the seminal vesicle. Metronidazole levels in the seminal vesicle were very low and short lived.