Mercury concentrations and differences in isotopic niches of fish from upstream and downstream of an Amazon reservoir dam.

Reservoir construction promotes many environmental impacts, including the enhancement of mercury concentrations in fish. The processes that can influence mercury concentrations in fish in Amazonian reservoirs are still little explored in depth, especially when we consider the possible particularities of the ecosystems in question. This study aims to investigate how mercury concentrations in fish could be influenced by the Tucuruí dam, considering possible changes in their feeding and trophic position according to the dam position (up or downstream). Fish were sampled upstream and downstream of the Tucuruí reservoir, and total mercury (THg) and stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen (δ15N and δ13C) were measured in muscles. We observed three different Hg bioaccumulation patterns influenced by the dam. These differences occurred due to species trophic niche changes corroborated by the isotope analysis. Higher THg concentrations downstream compared to those upstream ones were only observed for Geophagus proximus. On the contrary, Plagioscion squamosissimus, from downstream, presented lower concentrations than upstream ones. The isotopic niche of these two species presented different changes according to the sampled site. THg biomagnification was higher upstream compared to downstream, considering that the regression slope was approximately two times higher upstream versus downstream. THg concentrations in fish were explained by the differences in their feeding habits according to their location in relation to the dam. The difference in THg biomagnification was able to reflect differences in structure of the food web chain in ecosystems under the dam's influence.

Can species guilds act as hubs for energy transfer in macrophyte meadows of Amazonian floodplain lakes?

Aquatic macrophytes are the main autochthonous component of primary production in the Amazon Basin. Floating meadows of these plants support habitats with highly diverse animal communities. Fishes inhabiting these habitats have been assumed to use a broad range of food items and compose a particular food web. We employed carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotope analysis to draw the trophic structure of these habitats and to trace the energy flow by its trophic levels. Fishes and other animals from 18 independent macrophyte meadows of a floodplain lake of the Solimões River (Amazonia, Brazil) were analyzed. The food web of macrophyte meadows consists of four trophic levels above autotrophic sources. In general, primary consumers exhibited a broader range of food sources than the upper trophic levels. Some fish species depended on a large number of food sources and at the same time are consumed by several predators. The energy transfer from one trophic level to the next was then mainly accomplished by these species concentrating a high-energy flux and acting as hubs in the food web. The broad range of δ13C values observed indicates that the organisms living in the macrophyte meadows utilize a great diversity of autotrophic sources.

Detection and disease diagnosis trends (2017-2022) for Streptococcus suis, Glaesserella parasuis, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, Actinobacillus suis and Mycoplasma hyosynoviae at Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory.

BACKGROUND: Accurate measurement of disease associated with endemic bacterial agents in pig populations is challenging due to their commensal ecology, the lack of disease-specific antemortem diagnostic tests, and the polymicrobial nature of swine diagnostic cases. The main objective of this retrospective study was to estimate temporal patterns of agent detection and disease diagnosis for five endemic bacteria that can cause systemic disease in porcine tissue specimens submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (ISU VDL) from 2017 to 2022. The study also explored the diagnostic value of specific tissue specimens for disease diagnosis, estimated the frequency of polymicrobial diagnosis, and evaluated the association between phase of pig production and disease diagnosis. RESULTS: S. suis and G. parasuis bronchopneumonia increased on average 6 and 4.3%, while S. suis endocarditis increased by 23% per year, respectively. M. hyorhinis and A. suis associated serositis increased yearly by 4.2 and 12.8%, respectively. A significant upward trend in M. hyorhinis arthritis cases was also observed. In contrast, M. hyosynoviae arthritis cases decreased by 33% average/year. Investigation into the diagnostic value of tissues showed that lungs were the most frequently submitted sample, However, the use of lung for systemic disease diagnosis requires caution due to the commensal nature of these agents in the respiratory system, compared to systemic sites that diagnosticians typically target. This study also explored associations between phase of production and specific diseases caused by each agent, showcasing the role of S. suis arthritis in suckling pigs, meningitis in early nursery and endocarditis in growing pigs, and the role of G. parasuis, A. suis, M. hyorhinis and M. hyosynoviae disease mainly in post-weaning phases. Finally, this study highlighted the high frequency of co-detection and -disease diagnosis with other infectious etiologies, such as PRRSV and IAV, demonstrating that to minimize the health impact of these endemic bacterial agents it is imperative to establish effective viral control programs. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this retrospective study demonstrated significant increases in disease diagnosis for S. suis, G. parasuis, M. hyorhinis, and A. suis, and a significant decrease in detection and disease diagnosis of M. hyosynoviae. High frequencies of interactions between these endemic agents and with viral pathogens was also demonstrated. Consequently, improved control programs are needed to mitigate the adverse effect of these endemic bacterial agents on swine health and wellbeing. This includes improving diagnostic procedures, developing more effective vaccine products, fine-tuning antimicrobial approaches, and managing viral co-infections.

Assessment of Human Health Risk of Metal(Loid) Content in Brazilian Sardine Along the Southwestern Atlantic.

The Brazilian sardine (Sardinella aurita) is an important food resource found in the subtropical Southwestern Atlantic Continental Shelf (CSSWA), but limited information about its metal(loid) concentrations is available, restricting effective risk assessment by its consumption. On this research, we hypothesized that S. aurita presents different metal(loid) concentrations within a latitudinal gradient in the CSSWA (northern and southern sectors). We also assessed the S. aurita consumption contamination risk in both sectors of the CSSWA. The results indicated that S. aurita might present different chemical and contamination profiles between the observed sectors, with highlights to As, Cr, and Fe at greater levels than the safety limits established by regulatory agencies. Such finds could be explained by urbanization, industrialization, continental and oceanographic processes along the CSSWA, corroborating our hypothesis for most observed metals(loid). On the other hand, our risk assessment analysis of metal(loid) concentrations did not indicate hazards for human consumption.

Short-Term Outcomes of Transfemoral Carotid Artery Stenting and Carotid Endarterectomy in Symptomatic Patients: Data from a Multicentric Prospective Registry in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Transfemoral carotid artery stenting (TF-CAS) and carotid endarterectomy (CEA) are alternative strategies for stroke prevention in patients with atherosclerotic carotid disease. Because their main objective is to prevent future ischemic events, regular reassessment of the outcomes is mandatory for providing the best therapy. The purpose of this study was to describe the practice and the outcomes of TF-CAS and CEA in symptomatic patients in public university hospitals in Brazil, using data from a prospective multicentric registry. METHODS: A prospective 8-year observational study of patients with symptomatic carotid artery atherosclerotic disease that underwent TF-CAS and CEA in 5 public university hospitals affiliated with the RHEUNI (Registry Project of Vascular Disease in the Public University Hospitals of São Paulo). All consecutive procedures were included. The indications for the procedures were determined by each surgeon's individual discretion, in accordance with a preoperative risk evaluation. The outcome measures were any 30-day follow-up death, stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and their combined outcome (major adverse cardiovascular events [MACE]). The registration of the study was made at clinicaltrials.gov NCT02538276. RESULTS: From January 2012 through December 2019, 376 consecutive and symptomatic patients were included in the study records. There were 152 TF-CAS procedures (40.4%) and 224 CEA procedures (59.5%). All completed the 30-day follow-up period. Occurrence of death (TF-CAS: 0.66% × CEA: 0.66%, P = 0.99), stroke (TF-CAS: 4.61% × CEA: 4.46%, P = 0.99), and MI (TF-CAS: 0.66% × CEA: 0%, P = 0.403) were similar in both groups, without statistically significant differences. MACE rate did not differ in both groups (TF-CAS: 5.92% × CEA: 4.46%, P = 0.633). CONCLUSIONS: Data from a prospective registry of 5 Brazilian university hospitals showed that TF-CAS and CEA in symptomatic patients had similar 30-day perioperative rates of death, stroke, and MI and their combination.

Effects of illegal gold mining on Hg concentrations in water, Pistia stratiotes, suspended particulate matter, and bottom sediments of two impacted rivers (Paraíba do Sul River and Muriaé River), Southeastern, Brazil.

Recent reports of illegal small-scale alluvial gold mining activities (locally called garimpo) by miners working on rafts in the Paraíba do Sul River (PSR) and in one of its tributaries (Muriaé River (MR)) have raised concerns about Hg contamination. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of garimpo activities on Hg contamination in three environmental compartments. Water, sediment, and aquatic macrophytes (Pistia stratiotes) were sampled during the rainy season in PSR, forming a 106-km transect from the point where garimpo rafts were seen and/or seized by the Federal Police. They were also sampled in the MR. Total and dissolved mercury (Hg) concentrations in water and total Hg in the suspended particulate matter (SPM) sampled in the PSR increased by 1.7, 1.5, and 2.1 times at the points where the rafts were seen compared to the point immediately upstream. In the MR, Hg concentrations were higher than those in the PSR, but most values in the environmental compartments were below the safe limits (174-486 ng∙g-1, threshold and probable effect level, respectively), with the exception of Hg in the SPM of one of the MR sampling points (256 ng∙g-1) and the mining tailings (197 ng∙g-1). Sediment granulometry was exponentially associated with Hg concentrations in the sediment (R2 = 0.75, p < 0.0001) and is also essential to understand the physical impacts of garimpo on PSR. Future studies should focus on assessing the seasonal variability of Hg concentrations in the studied compartments, especially if garimpo is identified during the dry season.

The Effect of Partnership Presence and Support on HIV Viral Suppression Among Serodiscordant Partnered and Single Heterosexual HIV-Positive Individuals in Brazil.

HIV-negative individuals in serodiscordant partnerships experience reduced risk of HIV acquisition when their partners adhere to ART and achieve undetectable viral loads. Partnership support may encourage ART adherence, reducing viral load and the risk of HIV transmission. This study aims to determine whether HIV viral suppression is associated with partnership status and partnership support among 201 HIV positive (HIV+ individuals in serodiscordant partnerships and 100 HIV+ unpartnered individuals receiving care at Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição in Porto Alegre, Brazil between 2014 and 2016. Clinical data and patient-reported questionnaire data were assessed, and propensity scores were used to control for confounding variables in adjusted logistic regression models. Viral suppression did not significantly differ between HIV+ partnered (78.5% virally suppressed) and unpartnered (76.0% virally suppressed) individuals. Among individuals in partnerships, viral suppression was significantly associated with having a partner who attended monthly clinic visits (AOR 2.99; 95% CI 1.00-8.93). Instrumental social support-attending monthly visits-may improve the odds of viral suppression among HIV+ individuals in serodiscordant relationships.

Mercury biomagnification in an ichthyic food chain of an amazon floodplain lake (Puruzinho Lake): Influence of seasonality and food chain modeling.

Mercury (Hg) biomagnification in fish food chains is a relevant subject due to the high fish consumption of the Amazonian population and the high toxicity of this metal. In the Amazon, floodplain lake hydrodynamics change considerably along the four seasons of the hydrological cycle (rising water, high water, falling water and low water), which can influence Hg bioaccumulation in fish. The main aim of this study was to evaluate if Hg biomagnification is influenced by seasonality in a floodplain lake (Puruzinho Lake) in the Brazilian Amazon. Additionally, the influence of food chain modeling on measurement of Hg biomagnification was tested. Hg concentrations and stable isotope signatures (carbon and nitrogen) were estimated in four species, Mylossoma duriventre (herbivorous), Prochilodus nigricans (detritivorous), Cichla pleiozona (piscivorous) and Serrasalmus rhombeus (piscivorous). The "trophic magnification slope" (TMS) of the food chain composed by the four species was calculated and compared among the four seasons. There was no significant seasonal variation in TMS among rising water, high water, falling water and low water seasons (p = 0.08), suggesting that Hg biomagnification does not change seasonally. However, there was significant variation in TMS among different food chain models. Lower TMS was observed in a food chain composed of detritivorous and piscivorous fish (0.20) in comparison with a food chain composed of the four species (0.26). The results indicate food chain modeling influences TMS results.

Arsenic in the lower drainage basin of the Paraíba do Sul River (Southeast Brazil): dynamics between the water column and sediment.

The presence of arsenic (As) in the sediment and the particulate and dissolved fractions of the water column determines its behavior and bioavailability. The main geochemical parameters responsible for As mobility are organic matter and oxide-forming metals such as Fe. The As distribution and its concentration were evaluated in the dissolved fraction, suspended particulate matter (SPM) and sediment of the lower Paraíba do Sul River (PSR), its main tributaries (Muriaé, Pomba, and Dois Rios rivers), and flooded and estuarine areas. As was not detected in the dissolved fraction. The river flow influenced the As concentration in the SPM, which was higher in the dry season than in the rainy season (2.6 ± 0.69 and 1.98 ± 0.29 mg kg-1, respectively). The Fe oxyhydroxides, organic carbon, and surface area measured in the sediment were positively related with As concentration (R2 = 0.11, 0.34, and 0.30; p < 0.05). The highest As concentrations in the sediment occurred in the secondary estuary and flooded areas (5.16 ± 4.78 and 1.23 ± 0.44 mg kg-1, respectively), in which finer granulometric fractions (silt and clay) predominated (64% and 71%, respectively), in addition to greater surface area. The measurement of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) and atomic ratio (C:N)a indicated the existence of a combination of autochthonous and allochthonous sources of organic matter composing the SPM. In general, the As concentrations in the sediment and SPM were low, with values below that permitted by Brazilian regulations (5.9 mg kg-1), which suggests that the As sources in the lower basin of the PSR are diffuse and natural.

Comparative metal accumulation and toxicogenetic damage induction in three neotropical fish species with distinct foraging habits and feeding preferences.

Environmental pollutants affect fish species differently because their routes of exposure make them more critical to a specific group regarding foraging habits or food preferences. However, the association between local problems and environmental conditions makes a particular species more suitable for use in monitoring programs. Thus, this study compared muscle accumulation of metals (Al, Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ti and Zn) and toxicogenetic damage to three neotropical species from the Itapemirim River Basin (Brazil) with distinct foraging habits and feeding preferences: Geophagus brasiliensis (benthopelagic - omnivorous); Harttia sp. (benthic - detritivorous); and Leporinus copellandii (pelagic - omnivorous). There was seasonal influence on muscle metal concentrations: Ba and Mn concentrations in G. brasiliensis, Cr in Harttia sp. and Zn, Al and Fe in L. copellandii increased during the rainy season. G. brasiliensis was the most sensitive species, since it had a statistically higher prevalence of erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities, which was influenced by seasonality. This result might be an effect of its benthopelagic habits, which favors contact with a larger group of contaminants due to its interaction with both water column and sediment. The present study showed the differential sensitivity of fish species and that the combination of chemical analysis of pollutants with evaluation of toxicogenetic responses helps to choose the best species for field studies.

Arsenic Exposure and Effects in Humans: A Mini-Review in Brazil.

Arsenic (As) is widely studied in several countries due to its toxicity to biota in the environment. Arsenic sources may be natural or anthropogenic, and the mobility of the element is ruled by physicochemical conditions that also define the dominant As species in the environment. Arsenic levels are evaluated in various abiotic and biotic environmental samples. The highest As levels are observed in sediment, from where it may be mobilized into the aquifers. This article reviews studies about As in the world but with emphasis on studies performed in Brazil, a country where continental water bodies are a common geographic feature. We reviewed 64 studies published between 1985 and 2016. The results indicate that in recent years more studies have been conducted to determine As levels in foods and human samples as a tool to evaluate the exposure of populations and identify potential sources. In Brazil, the main problems associated with contamination with As are the use of wood preservatives and herbicides as well as the impact caused by mining. Also, the precarious character of sewage treatment systems contributes to the contamination of water bodies.

Exposure to toxic and essential trace elements through the intake of processed and meat cuts (beef and chicken) in southeastern Brazil.

The present study evaluated the concentration of six trace elements in processed meat products and in meat cuts. We also assessed the risk associated with the consumption of these foods based on the estimated daily intake (EDI) of these elements. Fifty-eight processed meat and 148 meat cuts samples were analyzed using ICP-OES. As and Cd were not detected in any sample of processed meat. The highest mean level of lead was observed in frankfurters (0.056 µg g-1), which is half the maximum permissible level. For Cr, the highest mean concentrations were detected in chicken nuggets and beef hamburger (0.121 and 0.105 µg g-1, respectively), which are above the allowed limit. The comparison between the impact of a diet restricted to processed meats with a diet restricted to meats cuts showed that the individuals following the latter are exposed to higher amounts of the trace elements analyzed.

Bioconcentration and translocation of Cd and Hg in a tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) from cultivated soils in southeastern Brazil.

Food is the main source of toxic metals like mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd) to humans. This study evaluated the accumulation and translocation of Cd and Hg in a soil-plant system in four tomato plantations and assessed the risk associated with ingestion of these metals. Ten soil samples (rhizosphere) and 10 samples of plant tissues (leaf, ripe fruit, green fruit, and roots) were collected in each plantation. Spatial variation in Cd and Hg concentrations was negligible. The Cd level in rhizosphere was lower in comparison with that of plant tissues. Hg levels in rhizosphere were similar to roots and higher than the value observed in aerial parts of plants. The Cd bioconcentration factor was approximately five times higher compared to that of Hg. Approximately 93% and 48.6% of Cd and Hg accumulated in roots reached aerial parts, respectively. Our results indicate that tomato readily absorbs Cd accumulated in soil, translocating it to aerial parts. Comparatively, the absorption of Hg is not efficient. Levels of Cd in tomatoes were over 17 times higher than the maximum residual levels in 57.5% of ripe fruits and in 27.5% of green tomatoes.

Guidelines for superficial venous thrombosis.

Superficial venous thrombosis (SVT) or superficial thrombophlebitis is characterized by thrombi within superficial veins, with partial involvement or occlusion of the lumen and inflammatory reaction along the course of the vein. Clinical diagnosis tends to be straightforward, but supplementary tests and examinations are needed to confirm thrombosis extension and possible thromboembolic complications. SVT can be associated with deep venous thrombosis in 6 to 40% of cases, with asymptomatic pulmonary embolism (PE) in 20 to 33%, and with symptomatic PE in 2 to 13%. Despite the morbidity and complications, there are currently no Brazilian guidelines for SVT. These guidelines cover the most important issues related to SVT definition, terminology, and etiology, and set out recommendations for diagnosis and treatment.

Impact of Land Use on the Mobility of Hg Species in Different Compartments of a Tropical Watershed in Brazil.

This study evaluated the levels of total Hg and CH3Hg+ from a comprehensive perspective, considering the retention, leaching, and deposition of these contaminants in the main compartments (soil, plant litter, and sediment) of three landscapes (Atlantic Forest, pasture, and agricultural area) in a watershed in northern Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Variables analyzed were total Hg, CH3Hg+, organic carbon, total nitrogen, grain size, and surface area. In soil samples, total Hg levels were the highest in agricultural soil followed by forest soil and pasture (97.3, 87.6, and 77.1 ng g-1, respectively), and CH3Hg+ was lower than 1.7%. Total Hg levels in leaf litter varied between 22.6 and 34.2 ng g-1, and CH3Hg+ was 4.37%. In sediment, Hg (60-180 ng g-1) and CH3Hg+ (<1%) indicate the transport of these contaminants from soils to this compartment and may be associated with soil use and cover. Multiple regressions were used to understand the dispersion of Hg species, and the effect of each variable varied with the landscape, showing that plant cover should not be ignored in investigations related to Hg species retention in a watershed. The landscapes surveyed in the present study clearly influence the quantitative and qualitative distribution of Hg species. On the other hand, anthropic processes associated with changes in soil use did not have any critical effects on the absolute levels of total Hg and CH3Hg+, meaning that the landscapes evaluated seem to represent the background concentration of these chemical species for the evaluated watershed.

Barium and its Importance as an Indicator of (Paleo)Productivity.

Barium (Ba) is a trace element which occurs predominantly as barite mineral (BaSO4) in the marine environment. Previous work suggests that barite concentrations are related to the organic carbon flux and marine biological debris in the water column suggesting a direct or indirect involvement in the marine biological cycling. In addition, barite has a high preservation rate (~30%) in sediments and it is less affected by early diagenesis than other proxies for productivity such as carbonates (~10%) and organic carbon (~1%), for example. Therefore, Ba is considered an excellent proxy for ocean (paleo)productivity. However, correlating barite to productivity involves some caveats. Specifically, the post-depositional formation of barite in oxic sediments can lead to Ba release into porewaters under anoxic conditions, which can form barite again under oxic conditions. This diagenetic formation is not correlated to export production as the seawater authigenic barite formed with decaying organic matter in the water column. Therefore, the main goal of this work is to briefly review the marine Ba cycle and highlight its importance for (paleo)productivity research.

Microbial and sponge loops modify fish production in phase-shifting coral reefs.

Shifts from coral to algae dominance of corals reefs have been correlated to fish biomass loss and increased microbial metabolism. Here we investigated reef benthic and planktonic primary production, benthic dissolved organic carbon (DOC) release and bacterial growth efficiency in the Abrolhos Bank, South Atlantic. Benthic DOC release rates are higher while water column bacterial growth efficiency is lower at impacted reefs. A trophic model based on the benthic and planktonic primary production was able to predict the observed relative fish biomass in healthy reefs. In contrast, in impacted reefs, the observed omnivorous fish biomass is higher, while that of the herbivorous/coralivorous fish is lower than predicted by the primary production-based model. Incorporating recycling of benthic-derived carbon in the model through microbial and sponge loops explains the difference and predicts the relative fish biomass in both reef types. Increased benthic carbon release rates and bacterial carbon metabolism, but decreased bacterial growth efficiency could lead to carbon losses through respiration and account for the uncoupling of benthic and fish production in phase-shifting reefs. Carbon recycling by microbial and sponge loops seems to promote an increase of small-bodied fish productivity in phase-shifting coral reefs.

Mismatch between sediment metal distribution and pollution source gradient: a case study of a small-size drainage basin (Southeastern Brazil).

Metal contamination in aquatic environments may occur when the anthropogenic emission exceeds the natural contribution although other factors might influence the metal distribution. In the small-size Macaé river basin, most of the metal emission was originated from anthropogenic sources suggesting a contamination status. Total and exchangeable metal concentrations were determined in sediments from the pristine upstream to the urban estuary and compared to the metal content in rocks to establish contamination and background concentrations. The enrichment of Pb in sediments compared to the regional background and high exchangeable concentrations suggest the influence of anthropogenic sources on Pb distribution. Al, Fe Mn, Zn, Ba, Cu, Cr, Ni concentrations in sediments were similar to the rock content and the values were considered regional background. Spatial distribution did not follow the whole-basin emission source gradient suggesting that despite actual anthropogenic sources, the sediment mineralogy and basin geomorphology might influence the sediment metal distribution.

Evaluation of the technique of localization of the epidural space with the aid of a peripheral nerve stimulator and epidurographic, comparing two techniques for determining the infused volume, in rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus).

Veterinary care for rabbits has been growing, and, consequently, the anesthetic and analgesic management of this species must be improved. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the technique of localization of the epidural space with the aid of a peripheral nerve stimulator and epidurographic, comparing two techniques for determining the infused volume in rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus). In a prospective, randomized blinded study, six healthy New Zealand rabbits, adults, and weighing from 2.2 kg to 3.8 kg received two treatments, at 1 week intervals: 0.33 mL/kg (treatment I) or 0.05 mL per centimeter of the spine (treatment II) of ioexol epidurally. In both treatments, a peripheral nerve stimulator (2 Hz, 0.25 mA and 0.1 milliseconds) was used to determine the location of the epidural space. Latero-lateral and ventro-dorsal radiographs were taken after five (T5) and twenty-five minutes (T25) of iohexol administration. The epidural space was correctly accessed in 92% of attempts. Treatment I received a smaller volume of contrast than treatment II, 1.0 ± 0.2 mL versus 2.1 ± 0.1 mL (mean ± standard deviation), respectively (p = 0.007). At T5, the cranial progression of the contrast varied between L4 and L5 in treatment I, and L5 and T10 in treatment II. At T25, no contrast was observed in any rabbit. In conclusion, peripheral nerve stimulator aided in accessing the lumbosacral epidural space, and the administration of 0.05 mL per centimeter of the spine resulted in greater cranial progression of contrast.

Photodynamic therapy in the coadjuvant treatment of Sporothrix schenckii complex.

INTRODUCTION: Sporotrichosis, a zoonosis caused by animal, mainly cat, scratches or bites, is caused by fungi belonging to the Sporothrix complex. Treatment usually consists in antifungal administration, although treatment failure and hepatotoxicity reports have been noted. Alternative sporotrichosis treatment methods, such as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), may, therefore, be indicated. CASE REPORT: In this context, this study followed a 56-year-old male renal transplanted patient displaying disseminated sporotrichosis, presenting erythematous skin lesions with ulcerated backgrounds and hardened consistency on the nose, oral and scalp. The lesions were present for about 2 months and the patient coexisted with cats. Intravenous amphotericin B administration was initiated, and immunosuppression was suspended. Seven aPDT sessions were also performed in 48 h intervals on the oral lesions, employing 0.01% methylene blue gel as the photosensitizing agent. After the 4th aPDT session, the patient was discharged, amphotericin B administration was suspended, and the treatment was continued with itraconazole, without immunosuppression. Red laser was applied to the oral lesions after the 7th aPDT session. Significant lesion improvement was observed after the final aPDT session and complete palate lesion repair was noted after two red laser sessions. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that aPDT is a valuable strategy as an adjunct sporotrichosis treatment.