Psychometric properties of the Brazilian short-version of the Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE: To translate, cross-culturally adapt and assess measurement properties of the translated version of the Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS: University healthcare facility and online. PARTICIPANTS: People with chronic neck pain (n = 178). INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants answered the translated version of Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire, the Neck Disability Index, the Numerical Rating Scale for pain, the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale. Seven to ten days after that, a subset of 84 participants answered the Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire again. The structural (exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses) and construct validities, internal consistency, reliability and concordance were assessed. Level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: Participants' (35.6 ± 13.5 years old) with symptoms duration of 54.4 ± 60.4 months scored 25.5 ± 14.0 on the Brazilian Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire and 11.9 ± 5.8 on the Neck Disability Index. The structural analysis showed that the short version of the Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire has an adequate structure to measure disability due to neck pain. Correlations with other questionnaires were between 0.268 and 0.678, Cronbach's alfa was 0.76, intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.96, standard error of measurement was 2.74 and minimal detectable change was 7.60. CONCLUSION: The short version of the Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire is valid and reliable to be used in patients with chronic neck pain, as it presented adequate measurement properties of structural and construct validity, reliability and concordance.

Less is More: Five-item Neck Disability Index to Assess Chronic Neck Pain Patients in Brazil.

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the structural validity of the Brazilian version of the Neck Disability Index (NDI) in patients with chronic neck pain. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: NDI is widely used in clinical and scientific contexts, although its structure has not been evaluated in the Brazilian version. METHODS: Native Brazilian Portuguese speakers, aged ≥18 years, with neck pain complaint of at least 3 months, and minimal pain rating of 3 points at rest or during neck movements were included. Exploratory factorial analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) were used. In EFA, the adequacy of the model was assessed using Bartlett test of sphericity and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test. In CFA, the goodness-of-fit was assessed by the indices: root mean square error of approximation with 90% of confidence interval, comparative fit index, Tucker-Lewis Index, standardized root mean square residual, and χ2/degree of freedom. Akaike information criterion (AIC) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were considered to compare the models. RESULTS: Two hundred fifty-four participants with chronic neck pain were included. The NDI model with one domain and five items presented the most adequate goodness-of-fit indexes and the lowest values of AIC and BIC, when compared with models with one domain and 10, eight, or seven items, and with the model with two domains and 10 items. CONCLUSION: In the Brazilian context, the NDI version with one domain and five items (personal care, concentration, work, driving, and recreation) presents the best structure according to the factorial analysis.Level of Evidence: 5.

Seated Single-Arm Shot-Put Test to Measure the Functional Performance of the Upper Limbs in Exercise Practitioners With Chronic Shoulder Pain: A Reliability Study.

OBJECTIVE: To measure the intra- and interrater reliability of the seated single-arm shot-put test (SSPT) in the functional performance of the upper limbs of regular physical exercise practitioners with shoulder pain. METHODS: This is a reliability study. Thirty individuals regularly practicing any sports modality that uses the upper limb effectively for at least 6 months, both sexes, ages between 18 and 30 years, with chronic shoulder pain were included. Chronic shoulder pain was measured by means of the shoulder pain and disability index, numerical rating scale, and catastrophic thoughts about pain scale. Functional performance of the upper limbs was measured by means of SSPT. RESULTS: Excellent intrarater reliability was found, with intraclass correlation coefficient ≥0.93, standard error of the measurement values ≤4.63%, and minimum detectable change values for absolute and normalized score of 45.11 cm and 9.97, respectively. Excellent interrater reliability was found, with intraclass correlation coefficient ≥0.96, standard error of the measurement values ≤3.55%, and minimum detectable change values for absolute and normalized score of 32.29 cm and 7.70, respectively. CONCLUSION: SSPT is a reliable tool for measuring the functional performance of the upper limbs in regular exercise practitioners with chronic shoulder pain.

Correlation Between Habitual Physical Activity and Central Sensitization, Pain Intensity, Kinesiophobia, Catastrophizing, and the Severity of Myogenous Temporomandibular Disorder.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to correlate habitual physical activity with central sensitization, pain intensity, kinesiophobia, catastrophizing, and the severity of chronic myogenous temporomandibular disorder (TMD). METHODS: This was an observational study. Fifty-five individuals, male and female, aged 18 to 45 years, with pain for at least 3 months (chronic) related to myogenous TMD were included in the study. Myogenous TMD was evaluated by means of the Numerical Rating Scale, Catastrophic Thoughts on Pain Scale, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, Fonseca Anamnestic Index, Central Sensitization Inventory, and habitual physical activity by means of the Baecke Questionnaire (BQ). The Spearman correlation coefficient (r s) was applied to verify the association of the BQ score with the pain variables. RESULTS: No significant correlations (P > .05) were observed in the total or mean BQ scores (both r s = -0.17 to -0.04), nor in the analyses performed on the occupational (r s = -0.03 to 0.14), sport (r s = -0.16 to 0.01), and leisure domains (r s = -0.16 to -0.02). CONCLUSION: Habitual physical activity as measured by the BQ is not associated with pain intensity, catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, central sensitization, or the severity of chronic myogenous TMD.