RESUMO
Stenochlaena palustris (Burm.f.) Bedd. (Blechnaceae) or Kelakai is a traditional medicinal plant found in the Indonesian islands of Borneo and Sumatra. It has been used to treat wound healing, infection, and diabetes. This study looked into the free radical scavenging activity, antiplasmodial activity, toxicity, and antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. The species' aerial part was extracted with methanol, followed by a liquid-liquid extraction against (n-hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate). The extracts' free radical scavenging activities were determined using DPPH and NO radicals. The antiplasmodial and toxicity assays were conducted using two Plasmodium falciparum strains (3D7 and W2) and the brine shrimp lethality test. In addition, antibacterial activity was determined using the well diffusion method. The results revealed that ethyl acetate depicted potential activities toward the assay. The ethyl acetate showed potential free radical scavenging activities with an IC50 value of 51.63 ± 0.46 µg/mL (DPPH) and 60.03 ± 0.65 µg/mL (NO). The antiplasmodial activities showed that the ethyl acetate had potential activities among the extracts with an IC50 value of 11.06 ± 0.45 µg/mL. However, all the extracts demonstrated nontoxic toward Artemia salina with LC50 > 1000 µg/mL. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate demonstrated intermediate susceptibility against B. cereus ATCC 10876, V. parahaemolyticus ATCC 17802, L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644, and S. Typhimurium ATCC 14028 at a concentration of 500 µg/disc. According to these findings, the ethyl acetate extract of S. palustris (Burm.f.) Bedd is a promising source of natural antioxidants and antiplasmodial agents.
RESUMO
Background: New findings on the potential of wild mangoes from the island of Sumatra as a source of antioxidant helps their conservation effort as it introduces their useful compounds to the public. This study aims to analyze the antioxidant profile and quantification of gallic acid and quercetin content from leaves and bark of Sumatran wild mangoes. Exploration and analysis of phytochemical constituents from 11 Sumatran wild mangoes was performed. Methods: Antioxidant activity of wild mangoes was analysed with 1,1- diphenyl-2-picryl hydroxyl (DPPH), and determination of quercetin and gallic acid content was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Total flavonoid and phenolic analysis was also performed. Curve fitting analysis used a linear regression approach. Results: The highest level of antioxidant activity, phenolic compound and flavonoid compound was found in the leaves and bark of Mangifera sp1. (MBS), the bark of M. foetida3 (var. batu) and leaves of M. torquenda, and the bark and leaves of M. sumatrana, respectively. The content of gallic acid in leaves ranged from 5.23-35.48 mg/g dry weight. Quercetin content of wild mangoes leaves ranged from 0.76 to 1.16 mg/g dry weight with the lowest value in M. foetida2 (var. manis) and the highest in M. laurina. Conclusion: The results obtained are expected to be useful in supporting the development of drugs that have antidegenerative effects.