Post-traumatic renal arteriovenous malformation failed endovascular embolization.

Renal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are abnormal connections between the renal arteries and venous system. Arteriovenous fistulas account for 70%-80% of renal arteriovenous abnormalities, often resulting from iatrogenic injuries. While most renal AVMs are asymptomatic, hematuria is a common symptom caused by AVM rupture into the renal calyces. Angiography is the gold standard for diagnosis, but noninvasive imaging techniques like ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging are commonly used for initial evaluation. Most renal AVMs are managed conservatively. Symptomatic patients typically undergo endovascular embolization, the preferred treatment, while surgery is reserved for unstable patients or those with complex vascular anatomy. We present a case of a 32-year-old man with renal AVMs following a motor vehicle accident. The patient initially received unsuccessful endovascular embolization but achieved successful treatment through open fistula ligation. This case highlights the challenges in managing renal AVMs and the importance of considering alternative interventions when initial treatments prove ineffective.

Screening of overactive bladder syndrome and its relation with insomnia: A public health experience.

Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) syndromes are a vital global issue linked to sleep disturbances and insomnia. This survey explores the relationship between these health burden issues and their risk factors. Methodology: A survey-based study was conducted among Makkah city citizens' in April 2023. A standardized tool of OAB symptom score and Insomnia Severity Index was used to screen participants. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS. Results: Overall, 529 participants were enrolled in this survey with mean = 37.3 and standard deviation = 13.7. Most participants had mild OAB 74.67%, while insomnia represents no clinically significant subtype among the majority 55.39%. About 25.33% of participants had clinical OAB (moderate and severe), while approximately 44.61% had insomnia. Similarly, participants with the mild subtype of OAB show a significant correlation with no clinically significant subtype of insomnia (P ˃ 0.001). Furthermore, participants with moderate OAB were statistically associated with subthreshold insomnia (P ˃ 0.001). Conclusion: Medical attention and public awareness are mandatory for the early detection of OAB and insomnia.

Parental Knowledge and Practices Related to Foreign Body Aspiration in Children in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

Background Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a life-threatening event and one of the most common causes of mortality in children. As it has different clinical presentations, parental knowledge is essential for early management to prevent complications. Objectives This study was designed to assess the knowledge and practices relating to FBA in children among parents living in Makkah city, Saudi Arabia. Methods An online questionnaire was designed using Google Forms (Google LLC, Mountain View, California, United States) and distributed in October 2022 among parents living in Makkah city. After data collection, an appropriate statistical analysis was conducted. Results A total of 1087 parents enrolled in this study; 63.9% were women and the majority were married 93%. Additionally, 52% of the parents had at least three children. Moreover, 17.6% had an experience of a child having aspirated a foreign body once. The Internet was the most popular source of information on FBA (43.5%). Furthermore, the parents had poor levels of knowledge and practices related to FBA (65.4% and 78.6%, respectively). Conclusion This study reported that parental levels of knowledge of FBA and FBA practices were inadequate. There is a need to increase awareness, which will lead to better outcomes.