RESUMO
Objective: The main objective of this study is to design a custom-made weight-drop impactor device to produce a consistent spinal cord contusion model in rats in order to examine the efficacy of potential therapies for post-traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCIs). Methods: Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 24, 11 weeks old) were randomly divided equally into two groups: sham and injured. The consistent injury pattern was produced by a 10 g stainless steel rod dropped from a height of 30 mm to cause (0.75 mm) intended displacement to the dorsal surface of spinal cord. The neurological functional outcomes were assessed at different time intervals using the following standardized neurobehavioral tests: Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scores, BBB open-field locomotion test, Louisville Swim Scale (LSS), and CatWalk gait analysis system. Results: Hind limb functional parameters between the two groups using BBB scores and LSS were significantly different (p < 0.05). There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between the SCI group and the sham group for the hind limb functional parameters using the CatWalk gait analysis. Conclusion: We developed an inexpensive custom-made SCI device that yields a precise adjustment of the height and displacement of the impact relative to the spinal cord surface.
RESUMO
This systematic review was undertaken to assess neck and back pain in dental practitioners. Published articles from 2015 onwards were explored in search engines of Pubmed, Medline, Scopus and Journal of web for outcomes of neck and back pain in dental practitioners. A total of 13 articles were reviewed, after carefully considering the eligibility criteria. The prevalence of neck and back pain was considerably higher, with neck pain occurrence ranging from 13.02% to 84.6% and back pain observed in 15.7% - 88.9% of reviewed studies. A higher prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was observed stressing appropriate interventional measures to reduce the same.