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Introduction: Dental erosion is common, and patient ignorance is a major issue. Extrinsic and intrinsic factors affect erosion. Some recommend evaluating and treating erosion patients following a brief review of the causes. These involve a comprehensive evaluation of the condition and medical history to identify risk factors for further tooth deterioration. To prevent further degeneration, immediate restorative therapy is needed. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire was given to Kerala Dental Clinic patients with dentinal hypersensitivity (DH). A total of 5 random clinics from 14 Kerala districts were chosen. At least a total of 1848 of 3500 patients responded. During the COVID-19 epidemic, an online semistructured survey was created using Google Forms to collect data. The current isolation approach discourages large gatherings and face-to-face contact. Google Forms were used to seek informed consent before filling out the questionnaire. Self-administered 20 questions were used to gather information regarding oral hygiene, bad habits, food, and eating disorders, and we inquired whether subjects ate acidic meals and drinks. Results: Most persons with dentine hypersensitivity eat packaged food (70%), pickles (62%), soft drinks (58%), and sweets (56%). Dental erosion is also linked to alcohol consumption (40.4%), teeth clenching (37.4%), mouth breathing (16.4%), and gum chewing (27.5%). Mouthwash-using DH patients (55%) had tooth disintegration.
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BACKGROUND: Surgical site infection in cardiac surgery is still common despite applying preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis as per guidelines. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the relationship between perioperative antibiotics serum levels and the incidence of surgical site infection. METHODS: This is a prospective study that included all adult patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting between June and December 2018. The serum antibiotics levels were measured at 4 different time points. The patients were divided into two groups: The group who developed surgical site infection and the group who did not develop surgical site infection. The serum antibiotics levels were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Eighty-seven consecutive patients were enrolled in the study. The overall rate of infection was 17.95% (14/78 patients). High pre-operative HbA1C levels were associated with a higher rate of SSI (SSI 8.46 ± 2.23 vs no SSI 7.28 ± 1.82, P = 0.04). Patients who developed surgical site infection had longer intervals between administration of prophylactic antibiotics and different parts of the procedure than those who did not develop infection T2 (SSI 3.09 ± 1.12 vs no SSI 2.32 ± 0.98, P = 0.004), T3 (SSI 5.74 ± 1.69 vs no SSI 4.68 ± 1.83, P = 0.024) and T4 (SSI 7.35 ± 1.97 vs no SSI 6.01 ± 2.11, P = 0.015). CONCLUSION: Prolonging different parts of cardiac surgery procedures could lead to higher risk of infection and better timing of intra-operative re-dosing of prophylactic antibiotics could be guided by measuring intra-operative serum concentrations of these antibiotics.