A phenomenological exploration of nurse educators' roles in Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030.

AIM: The purpose of this study is to examine the roles of nurse educators through the eyes of undergraduate and graduate students at selected Saudi Arabian universities in the context of Vision 2030, an initiative to transform the socio-economic reform plan that is opening Saudi Arabia worldwide based on the following three pillars: a vital society, a thriving economy and an ambitious nation. BACKGROUND: Nursing education in Saudi Arabia has faced numerous obstacles due to cultural, educational, organizational and work-related factors, discouraging registered nurses and students enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programmes from pursuing career paths in nursing education. METHODS: Descriptive phenomenology was used as the method. Twenty-two nursing students from selected government and private universities in Saudi Arabia's Eastern Region were recruited through purposive sampling and semi-structured in-depth interviews. The COREQ criteria list was adapted to report the study's findings. RESULTS: Four themes emerged regarding how nursing students perceived nurse educators' roles, including philanthropists of learning, advocates for patient safety and quality service, proponents of individual transformation and beacons of hope for nursing's future. CONCLUSION: Despite rapidly changing images, ideologies and perceptions of modernization and worldwide freedom of expression and speech, students continue to have positive perspectives on nurse educators' roles. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The study's findings will provide an initiative for nurse managers and leaders to revisit the roles of nurse educators in moulding future generations of registered nurses and realign these roles towards the goals and objectives of Saudi Vision 2030.

Revisiting the roles of neonatal intensive care unit nurses towards vision 2030 of Saudi Arabia: A descriptive phenomenological study.

AIM: The study aimed to revisit the roles of nurses working in the neonatal intensive care unit in a specific university hospital located in the Eastern Region to pursue Saudi Vision 2030-to provide excellent quality of life and well-being for its national citizens. BACKGROUND: The neonatal intensive care unit is one of the most crucial hospital units caring for high-risk neonates with conditions like pre- and post-maturity and congenital anomalies. The nurses' experiences are vital to achieving the Saudi Vision 2030's Health Sector Transformation Strategy. METHODS: Descriptive Phenomenology. Data collection utilized semi-structured individual interviews with sixteen (16) neonatal intensive care unit nurses for 10 months from March 2019 to January 2020. Colaizzi Method was used in data analysis, and the COREQ criteria list was utilized in data reporting. RESULTS: Three major themes emerged from the participants' narratives: (1) 'mokadem alreayah alshamela': holistic caregiver; (2) 'muzawed malomat': information provider; and (3) 'yad almusaadah': helping hand. CONCLUSION: Revisiting the various roles will align neonatal intensive care unit nurses' critical characteristics towards Saudi Vision 2030, focusing solely on improving service providers' quality and safety principles and skills. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Revisiting the roles of the neonatal intensive care unit nurses would provide an alignment to the goals and objectives of the future initiatives of Saudi Arabia towards its Vision 2030.

Development of Student Survey on Writing Nursing Care Plan: An exploratory sequential mixed-methods study.

AIM: To come up with a newly developed survey tool that will measure the students' level of quality in writing nursing care plans (NCPs). BACKGROUND: Exploring various challenges of students in writing NCP would enlighten educators to design innovative strategies on how to mitigate gaps between nursing education and practice. METHODS: This study utilized an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design in three stages. In phase 1, qualitative semi-structured interviews of 22 students were conducted, and the data were analysed using the Colaizzi method. In phase 2, qualitative results were transformed into survey components, constructs and items, and the data were developed into a new survey tool based on the nursing process system (NPS) model. In phase 3, a quantitative cross-sectional survey of 195 nursing students was conducted to measure their level of quality in writing NCP, and the data were analysed using descriptive statistics of the SPSS software. RESULTS: In the first (qualitative) phase, five themes emerged from various challenges of nursing students in writing care plans: (a) data gathering; (b) identifying clients' problems; (c) formulating sustainable goals; (d) providing appropriate interventions; and (5) recognizing client's outcomes. In the second phase, a valid and reliable tool called the Student Survey on Writing Nursing Care Plan (SSW-NCP) was developed and tested. Lastly, in the third (quantitative) phase, the nursing students have shown a 'very good' level of quality in writing NCP. CONCLUSION: Determining students' level of quality in writing NCP would come up with comprehensive ways of improving student competencies in patient care management. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The survey tool that is formulated from the study will provide relevant information for nurse educators and managers in managing students' and registered nurses' capabilities in writing an excellent care plan.

Correction of Q Factor Effects for Simultaneous Collection of Elemental Analysis and Relaxation Times by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.

A new method for measurement of elemental analysis by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of unknown samples is discussed here as a quick and robust means to measure elemental ratios without the use of internal or external calibration standards. The determination of elemental ratios was done by normalizing the signal intensities by the frequency dependent quality factor (Q) and the gyromagnetic ratios (γ) for each measured nucleus. The correction for the frequency dependence was found by characterizing the output signal of the probe as a function of the quality factor (Q) and the frequency, and the correction for γ was discussed in a previous study. A Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) pulse sequence was used for evaluation of the relative signal intensities, which allows for derivation of elemental ratios, and was correspondingly used to simultaneously measure the T2* of samples for an added parameter for more accurate identification of unknown samples.

Synthesis of isotopically labeled 1,3-dithiane.

The 1,3-dithiane is a protected formaldehyde anion equivalent that could serve as a useful labeled synthon. We report a facile synthesis of 1,3-[2-(13)C]- and 1,3-[2-(13)C, 2-(2)H2]dithiane in two steps from [(13)C]- or [(13) C, (2)H3 ]methyl phenyl sulfoxide. We have previously reported the high yield synthesis of [(13)C]methyl phenyl sulfide from [(13)C]MEOH and the oxidation of [(13)C]methyl phenyl sulfide to [(13)C]methyl phenyl sulfoxide. Here, we describe the facile exchange of deuterium from (2) H2 O into [(13)C]methyl phenyl sulfoxide to yield [(13)C, (2)H3]methyl phenyl sulfoxide. Thus, from [(13)C]MEOH and (2)H2O, all possible C2 stable isotopomers of 1,3-dithiane are available. Our synthetic route is also amenable to preparation of radiolabeled 1,3-dithianes.

Large-scale preparation of (13) C-labeled 2-(phenylthio)acetic acid and the corresponding labeled sulfoxides and sulfones.

We have developed large-scale efficient procedures for the conversion of commercially available [(13) C]- or [(2) H3 ,(13) C]methanol and (13) CO2 or (13) C-labeled bromoacetic acid to 2-(phenylthio)[1,2-(13) C2 ]-, [1-(13) C]-, and [2-(13) C]acetic acid. The resulting derivatives are versatile, chemically stable, and nonvolatile two-carbon labeling precursors. We have used the (13) C-isotopomers of 2-(phenylthio)acetic acid in the synthesis of (13) C-labeled acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and trans-crotonic acid.

On the effects of quadrupolar relaxation in Earth's field NMR spectra.

There is growing interest in using low-field magnetic resonance experiments for routine chemical characterization. Earth's field NMR is one such technique that can garner structural information and enable sample differentiation with low cost and highly portable designs. The resulting NMR spectra are primarily influenced by J-couplings, resulting in so-called J-coupled spectra (JCS). Many small molecules include atoms with NMR-active nuclei that are quadrupolar either at natural abundance or are often isotopically enriched (e.g.,2H, 6Li, 11B, 14N, 17O, etc.) where the effects of quadrupolar J-couplings and relaxation on JCS of strongly- and weakly-coupled spin systems have not been explored to date. Herein, using a set of seven fluoropyridine samples with unique substitution and J-couplings, we demonstrate that the 14N relaxation rates can induce drastic line-broadening in the JCS. This includes a previously unexplored unique line broadening mechanism enabled by strongly coupled spins at low-field. Numerical simulations are used to model and refine the magnitudes and signs of J-couplings, as well as indirectly determine the 14N relaxation rates in a single 1D experiment that has a higher fidelity than observed in high-field NMR experiments.

The Registered Nurses amid COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: A descriptive phenomenological study.

AIM: To investigate the experiences of registered nurses' lived experiences in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic crisis in a government hospital in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia. DESIGN: Qualitative descriptive phenomenology. METHODS: Utilizing in-depth interviews with twenty registered nurses with the use of purposive sampling from September to December 2020. Data was analyzed using Colaizzi methods, and a COREQ checklist was utilized to report the study's results. RESULTS: The participants' narratives generated three major themes, namely: 'one foot below the ground', 'the nightingale pledge'; and 'hope beyond COVID-19'. The lived experiences of Registered Nurses throughout the pandemic brought by the COVID-19 virus increase a person's understanding of the phenomenon under investigation and plan collective actions to improve the nurses' welfare. The unique challenges faced by Registered Nurses as they carry out their duties in a variety of healthcare settings can be better appreciated if their experiences are taken into account. Nursing administrations all around the world can use the findings of this research to create safeguards for their staff.

Design and implementation of a J-coupled spectrometer for multidimensional structure and relaxation detection at low magnetic fields.

In recent years, it has been realized that low and ultra-low field (mT-nT magnetic field range) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy can be used for molecular structural analysis. However, spectra are often hindered by lengthy acquisition times or require large sample volumes and high concentrations. Here, we report a low field (50 µT) instrument that employs a linear actuator to shuttle samples between a 1 T prepolarization field and a solenoid detector in a laboratory setting. The current experimental setup is benchmarked using water and 13C-methanol with a single scan detection limit of 2 × 1020 spins (3 µl, 55M H2O) and detection limit of 2.9 × 1019 (200 µl, 617 mM 13C-methanol) spins with signal averaging. The system has a dynamic range of >3 orders of magnitude. Investigations of room-temperature relaxation dynamics of 13C-methanol show that sample dilution can be used in lieu of sample heating to acquire spectra with linewidths comparable to high-temperature spectra. These results indicate that the T1 and T2 mechanisms are governed by both the proton exchange rate and the dissolved oxygen in the sample. Finally, a 2D correlation spectroscopy experiment is reported, performed in the strong coupling regime that resolves the multiple resonances associated with the heteronuclear J-coupling. The spectrum was collected using 10 times less sample and in less than half the time from previous reports in the strong coupling limit.