Nursing Students' Technological Equipment Usage and Individual Innovation Levels.

Technological equipment is an indispensable part of many people's lives. In parallel with this development, the role of innovation is critical to nurses' ability to provide patient care. Today, nursing students have grown up with technology. Therefore, the field is expected to be more open to innovation in nursing care. It is thought that the use of technological equipment influences the level of innovation. The purpose of this study was to determine nursing students' technological equipment usage, individual innovation levels, and the relationship between them. This descriptive study employed a correlational design during the 2015-2016 academic year at a Nursing Department in the Faculty of Health Sciences in Istanbul. The study population comprised 199 nursing students. The study sample included 165 students who volunteered to participate and were chosen at random. Most (93.3%) of the students were women, and the mean age was 20.92 ± 1.63 years. Data were collected using a devised structured-question form, the Technological Device Use Habits Scale, and the Individual Innovation Scale. Participants' mean scores on the Technological Equipment Usage (a subscale of the Technological Device Use Habits Scale) and on the Individual Innovation Scale were 135.15 ± 27.09 and 61.02 ± 8.89, respectively. Students' technological equipment usage subscale was higher than the other subscales; furthermore, their individual innovation levels revealed that they were "questioners." Several factors affected students' technological equipment usage and individual innovation levels including their age, income, work status, usage of social networking sites, Internet connection type, and if they considered themselves as innovative. The role of technological innovation is critical to nurses' ability to provide patient care.

The effect of relaxation techniques and back massage on pain and anxiety in Turkish total hip or knee arthroplasty patients.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of relaxation techniques and back massage on postoperative pain, anxiety, and vital signs on postoperative days 1-3 in patients who had undergone total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA, TKA). Sixty patients having a THA or TKA were randomly assigned to either a experimental group or a control group. The McGill Pain Questionnaire Short Form (MPQ-SF) and State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) were used to measure pain and anxiety, respectively. Vital signs, including blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), pulse, and respiratory rate, were also obtained. Statistically significant differences in pain intensity (F = 14.50; p = .000), anxiety level (F = 19.13; p = .000), and vital signs (F = 169.61, 9.14, 14.23, 65.64; p = .000) measured over time were found between the experimental and the control group. Results of this research provide evidence to support the use of relaxation techniques and back massage at bed rest times of patients to decrease pain and anxiety. The interventions helped them to forget about their pain for a while and improved their anxiety state. After an evaluation of the conclusions, use of these interventions should be implemented by nurses into routine plans of care for patients.

Postoperative constipation risk assessment in Turkish orthopedic patients.

This descriptive, correlational study was conducted to describe constipation risk assessment and the affecting factors of constipation risk of patients who have undergone major orthopedic surgery. Data were collected using a patient information form and the Constipation Risk Assessment Scale (CRAS) on the second postoperative day. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 11.5 for Windows. The mean age of the 83 patients studied was 53.75 ± 21.29 years. Subjects were hospitalized in the orthopedic wards for 14.39 ± 15.17 days, and their current bowel habit was 2.18 ± 1.80 stools per week. Of the sample, 63.9% were female, 69.9% of the patients had a history of previous surgery, 45.8% had hip/knee arthroplasty surgery, and 55.4% had bowel problems during the hospitalization period. Patients had a medium risk for constipation according to the CRAS subscale (gender, mobility, and pharmacological agents). Total CRAS score was 12.73 ± 4.75 (medium risk) on the second postoperative day. In addition, age, marital status, educational level, having a history of surgery, and bowel elimination problems did have a significant effect on constipation risk. On the basis of the findings from this study, nurses must learn the postoperative constipation risk of orthopedic patients to implement safe and effective interventions.

Health literacy and diabetes self-care in individuals with type 2 diabetes in Turkey.

AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between health literacy and diabetes self-care in individuals with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 207 individuals with Type 2 diabetes at a diabetes outpatient clinic of a foundation university hospital in Istanbul, Turkey. The data were collected using a sociodemographic and illness characteristics questionnaire, the Turkish version of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q-TR), and the Diabetes Self-Care Scale (DSCS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Student's t-test, Pearson correlation test, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: It was found that 81.5% of individuals with type 2 diabetes were at an inadequate or limited and problematic level of health literacy. The DSCS mean scores of patients with an inadequate health literacy level were significantly lower than that of patients at other levels of health literacy. It was determined that education level, exercise status, and HLS-EU-Q-TR scores were significantly related to diabetes self-care (R² = 0.245, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The study found that individuals with type 2 diabetes had higher diabetes self-care if they had a high education level, regularly exercised, or had high HLS-EU-Q-TR mean scores.

Turkish adaptation of the Multidimensional Emotional Empathy Scale: A validity and reliability study.

PURPOSE: This study examined the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Multidimensional Emotional Empathy Scale for multidimensional evaluations of empathy. DESIGN AND METHODS: The methodological study included 202 nursing students. Turkish translation was performed using a back-translation technique. In determining the time invariance, the scale was applied twice to 38 nursing students with a 2-week interval, and the test-retest method was used, and intraclass correlations were calculated. Construct validity was examined with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). FINDINGS: The content validity index was 0.997, and the general internal consistency coefficient of the scale was a highly reliable 0.905. With the CFA, it was determined that the fit index values were at an acceptable level and the model was suitable with this state. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The Turkish version is considered a valid and reliable tool.

The effect of undergraduate nursing students' e-Health literacy on healthy lifestyle behaviour.

e-Health literacy has become more important in promoting healthy lifestyles in recent years. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of undergraduate nursing students' e-Health literacy on healthy lifestyle behaviours. This cross-sectional study was conducted during the 2016-2017 academic year at a Nursing Department in the Faculty of Health Sciences in Istanbul. The study population consisted of 232 undergraduate nursing students. The study sample was 205 students who volunteered to participate in the research. The data were collected using the Structured Questionnaire Form, the e-Health Literacy Scale in Adolescent and the Adolescent Lifestyle Profile Scale. The mean score of the e-Health Literacy Scale in Adolescent was 29.50 ± 5.02. The mean total score of the Adolescent Lifestyle Profile was 112.11 ± 14.66. There was a positive correlation between students' Internet attitudes and general health-promoting lifestyle (r = 0.273; p < 0.01), indicating the higher the students' e-Health literacy, the higher their levels of healthy lifestyle behaviours. The result showed that e-Health literacy is an important parameter in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours of nursing students.

Postoperative pain characteristics in Turkish orthopedic patients.

Postoperative pain is a subjective concept that can only be defined by the individual experiencing it. This research was planned as a descriptive study to make postoperative pain assessments of patients who have undergone major orthopedic surgery. The study sample consisted of 150 patients who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire form that included sociodemographic, postoperative pain characteristics, and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. The data obtained were assessed using the SPSS 10.0 program. The mean age of the patients was 54.13 +/- 18.12 years, 67.3% were female, 72.7% of the patients had a history of previous surgery, 43.3% had had hip prosthesis surgery, and 70.7% when their analgesic medications were taken on PRN basis. They experienced "external" pain at the surgical site and in pressure areas according to type of surgery and verbalized their pain at the highest percentages as "throbbing," "tiring," "troublesome," and "nagging." In addition the majority of the patients (95.3%) stated that their pain was decreased with analgesic medication administration, and 78.7% stated that position change and physical therapy (69.3%) increased their pain. In the assessment of pain severity on the third postoperative day, the Present Pain Intensity was determined to be a mean of 1.75 +/- 1.02 (on a scale of 0 to 5), and 78.7% had "intermittent" pain. In addition, worst/severe pain severity was determined to be a mean of 4.55 +/- 0.70 on the third postoperative day. Statistically significant differences were found between patients' pain severity scores (p

Relationship between nursing students' levels of internet addiction, loneliness, and life satisfaction.

PURPOSE: This study examined nursing students' levels of Internet addiction, loneliness, and satisfaction with life. DESIGN AND METHODS: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in included university involving 160 nursing students who completed an information form and the Internet addiction, UCLA Loneliness, and Satisfaction with Life Scales. FINDINGS: No significant correlation was found between students' Internet addiction, loneliness, and life satisfaction (P > .05). However, a significant positive correlation between loneliness and life satisfaction was observed (P < .05). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Measures to raise students' awareness of Internet addiction and social activities to enhance communication skills and life satisfaction should be planned.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: scale development.

BACKGROUND: As a profession, nurses are particularly concerned with cross-cultural influences that affect the health practices of populations. Although the international literature describes questionnaires and specific scales in health and disease behaviours, adequate Turkish-language instruments are scarce. Therefore, suitable Turkish-language instruments need to be developed or adapted for the Turkish population. OBJECTIVES: Study aim was to adapt a Dutch/English version of the diabetes management self-efficacy (SE) scale for use with a Turkish population and evaluate its psychometric properties. DESIGN: Methodological research design. SETTINGS: Attendants of an outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Turkey. PARTICIPANTS: A convenience sample of 110 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: Translation and back-translation of the original English instrument and content validation through a expert panel were the first two steps of the study. Third step was the psychometric testing of the adapted instrument by establishing internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), stability (test-retest reliability), and construct validity (factor analysis). RESULTS: Content validity procedure resulted in a final scale that consisted of 20 items. Internal consistency of the total scale was coefficient alpha=0.88, and test-retest reliability with a 4-week time interval was r=0.91 (p<0.001). Factor analysis yielded three factors related to diet, exercise and medical treatment. Two relevant items of the scale, weight control and blood sugar control, however, had low reliability and validity scores. CONCLUSIONS: Although acceptable levels of reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the diabetes management SE scale for people with type 2 DM were reached, cultural factors appeared to play a role in the applicability of some items of the scale.

Determine the relationship between perceived social support and depression level of patients with diabetic foot.

BACKGROUND: As a lifelong disease, diabetes impairs the quality of life by limiting the eating and drinking habits and by bringing out the risk of kidney, eye, cardiovascular and diabetic neurological diseases in the long run. Loss of health might result in mourning, grief, rebellion, denial, anxiety, rage and sometimes these feelings might overcome the patient's coping skills leading to depression [Clinical Psychiatry 11 (Suppl 3) 3-18, 2008]. How individuals suffering from depression perceive and interpret the incidents around them is also important [Rel. Scie. Acad. J. III, 2: 129-152, 2003]. Accordingly, the determination of the correlation of the depression with the perceived social support level by the patients with diabetic foot was programmed and performed in order to take essential precautions, to generate proper solutions and treatment process and to make supportive plans for patients with developing diabetic foot and depression. METHODS: The data was obtained from 128 patients who applied to hospital within the scope of research between July 1st 2011 and January 31st 2012 that were diagnosed with diabetes and had diabetic foot. Pearson chi-square, Fisher Exact and Likelihood ratio, chi-square, Student t test and one way analysis of variance, Levene' s test, One way ANOVA, Welch and Games Howell tests were used in the analysis and evaluation. The data was collected by meeting face to face the individuals and by making use of the patient files and using the "Personal Information Form" which includes introductory information about individuals with diabetic foot, "Beck Depression Scale" which is applied to determine emotion status of individuals and "Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support" which is applied to determine the level of social support individuals perceive. RESULTS: In the performed statistical evaluation, mean scores of Beck Depression scale and MSPSS family support, friend support, special person support sub-dimension and scale total scores were found to be in negative statistical correlation (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In the treatment and care of the patients with diabetic foot; anxiety and depression status of the patients, as well as physical status, should also be evaluated routinely. The individuals provided to take professional care.

Effect of education on self-efficacy of Turkish patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

This study was designed to compare the effect of structured education on self-efficacy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study was carried out with an experimental group on which a structured education was provided, and a control group on which only educational advice was provided. There were 30 patients in both groups. Control and experimental group measurements were obtained on the COPD Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES). There was a significant difference between control group and experimental group scores on the CSES. Self-efficacy, as it affects managing or avoiding breathing difficulty, was measured before and after the structured education program and the nursing care. Patients' self-efficacy scores significantly improved after the structured education and remained significantly improved 1-month later. Standard nursing care alone was also effective in significantly improving self-efficacy scores, but patients' scores 1-month later were not significantly better than pre-program scores. This study indicates that a planned education program that is more effective in improving self-efficacy in patients with COPD.

The feelings of guilt and shame experienced by Nursing and Midwifery students.

AIM: Feelings of guilt and shame might affect the abilities of nursing and midwifery students when fulfilling their roles assertively and with professional autonomy during the interdisciplinary care and treatment process. The present study was conducted in order to examine the feelings of guilt and shame experienced by nursing and midwifery students with respect to certain variables. METHODS: The population of this study, which had a cross-sectional design, comprised a total of 1002 students from three training locations: a school of nursing, the nursing program of a health vocational school, and the midwifery program of a health vocational school. From this population, 667 students were recruited to the study by a stratified random sampling method. Personal Information Forms and a Guilt-Shame Scale were used as data collection tools. RESULTS: From amongst the students, 88.6% were women. The average age was 20.57 years; the mean scores of the guilt and shame subscales were 50.51 and 43.63, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between the guilt-shame scores of the students by the variants of gender, age, school, and year at school. CONCLUSIONS: The present study concluded that midwifery and nursing students experience measurable feelings of guilt-shame and that the levels of guilt-shame had an impact on their targets regarding nursing/midwifery. Therefore, it is suggested that guidance programmes be established and that the related problems be resolved.

The experiences of loneliness, depression, and social support of Turkish patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and their caregivers.

AIM: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between loneliness, depression and social support of Turkish patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and their caregivers. BACKGROUND: By altering the lifestyle of the patient and family or caregiver, chronic illness and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis can create loneliness and depression. Perceived social support may facilitate coping with illness. DESIGN: Descriptive correlational design was used. METHODS: Data were collected by using the UCLA loneliness scale, the Beck's depression scale and the perceived social support from family and friends scales and demographic data form. RESULTS: A total of 130 subjects including 65 patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and 65 caregivers took part in this study. The mean ages of the patients and caregivers were similar (44.69 +/- 17.22 and 43.90 +/- 8.52 years respectively). Scores of loneliness and depression were below cut-off scores in both groups. However, scores of the loneliness of patients were higher than that of the caregivers. Perceived social support from family and friend were above cut-off scores in both groups and it was different for patients and caregivers. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that Turkish patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and their caregivers did not experience loneliness and depression. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Results of the study suggest that the nurses need to be aware of patients' and caregivers' psychological reactions to continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, which may be expressed in feelings of loneliness and depression, and employ social support resources for patients with peritoneal dialysis and caregivers to cope with their illness and to adapt lifestyle changes.