Safety culture and communication about surgical errors from the perspective of the health team. / Cultura de segurança e comunicação sobre erros cirúrgicos na perspectiva da equipe de saúde.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the safety culture related to the communication dimensions and event notification from the perception of the health team. METHOD: Survey carried out in a teaching hospital of Paraná through the application of the Survey on Patient Safety Culture questionnaire to 158 professionals working in surgical units from May to September 2017.The analysis of the data was done by descriptive and analytical statistics; dimensions with positive responses ≥75% represent strong areas for patient safety. RESULTS: No dimension or item/question were considered strong to surgical patient safety. There was a difference, with a less negative perception from nursing in relation to medicine, in the dimensions "Return of the information and communication about the error" and "Frequency of events reports" (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The health team perceives that there is fragility in the patient safety in relation to the communication dimension, demanding actions that promote the patient safety.

Impact of surgical checklists on the time of surgical processes: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the impact of the use of checklists on the mean time of the operative processes of patients undergoing hip and knee arthroplasties. METHOD: cross-sectional and analytical research conducted between November/2020 and March/2022 with retrospective consultation in a simple random sample of 291 medical records, distributed in three periods (2010/2013/2016). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis; p=0.05 values indicated significance. RESULTS: there was a reduction in the time of entry-exit from the operating room (p=0.002), surgery (p<0.001) and between the onset-anesthesia and the beginning-incision (p=0.021). There was no difference in time between patients with and without the use of checklists (p=0.05) in relation to the variables onset-anesthesia, onset-incision, time of anesthesia and surgery. CONCLUSION: the implementation of checklists potentially contributed to reduce the time of use of the operating room. The nonassociation of its use with the increase in the mean time of the processes in the operating room shows that its application does not interfere negatively in this indicator.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and content validation of the Global Trigger Tool surgical module.

OBJECTIVE: to translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the Global Trigger Tool surgical module content for Brazil. METHOD: this is methodological research, carried out between March/2018 and February/2019, following the steps of translation, synthesis, back-translation, validation by the Delphi technique, pre-test and presentation to developers. Two translators, two back-translators, six professionals participated in the expert committee. A pre-test was carried out with a retrospective analysis of 244 medical records of adult patients. The content validity index and Cronbach's alpha were determined for data analysis. RESULTS: the translation and cross-cultural adaptation allowed adjustments of items for use in Brazil. The mean Content Validity Index was 1.38, and the degree of agreement among experts was 92.4%. Cronbach's alpha was 0.83 for the 11 surgical triggers and their guidelines. CONCLUSION: the module was translated, cross-culturally adapted for Brazil, with high reliability to identify surgical adverse events.

Gastroprotective action of the ethanol extract of Leonurus sibiricus L. (Lamiaceae) in mice.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Leonurus sibiricus L. (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant known in Brazil as "rubim" or "erva de macaé". It is used for various purposes, including stomach disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the effect of the ethanol extract of the aerial parts of L. sibiricus (EELs) in models of gastric damage in mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The effect of EELs (50, 100 and 300 mg/kg, p.o., 1 h before induction) was tested on acidified ethanol (ACEt)-induced gastric ulcers. Additionally, we tested the effect of EELs (by intraduodenal administration) in the pylorus ligation (PL) model. RESULTS: Pretreatment with EELs, at 300 mg/kg, but not 50 and 100 mg/kg, reduced the relative area of gastric ulcers induced by ACEt (p < 0.01) and lipoperoxidation (p < 0.001), and increased the sulfhydryl content (p < 0.01) in the stomach in comparison with the vehicle group. Pretreatment with N-ethylmaleimide (a blocker of non-protein sulfhydryl groups, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) or glibenclamide (a KATP channel blocker, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited the gastroprotective response caused by EELs (300 mg/kg; p < 0.001), but there were no alterations due to pretreatments with inhibitors of the synthesis of prostaglandins (indomethacin, 10 mg/kg), nitric oxide (L-NAME, 70 mg/kg) or hydrogen sulfide (DL-propargylglycine, 10 mg/kg). Treatment with EELs (300 mg/kg) reduced mucus production (p < 0.001) and the volume of gastric secretion (p < 0.001) after PL without affecting gastric acidity or pH. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence that EELs exerts gastroprotective action in mice, with the participation of oxidative stress and mediation of NP-SH, KATP channels and mucus production.

Association between professional qualification and adverse events in neonatal and pediatric intensive treatment units.

OBJECTIVE: to verify the association between the qualification of nursing professionals and the occurrence of adverse events in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. METHOD: Cross-sectional and evaluation study conducted in six intensive care units of five public hospitals in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Data was collected from April/2017 to January/2018 through the use of a questionnaire to be completed by 143 nursing professionals and retrospective analysis of 79 medical records using the Neonatal Trigger Tool and Pediatric Trigger Tool instruments. The prognostic factors were professional training and the existence, or not, of a continuing education service; analysis was performed by logistic regression. RESULTS: Detected 30 adverse events in 22 medical records analyzed. There was a prevalence of infection (n = 12; 40%) and skin damage (n = 9; 30%). Among the prognostic factors, continuing education was identified as a protective factor against adverse events (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION: Continuing education was associated with the prevention of adverse events in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units.

Multimodal strategy for hand hygiene in field hospitals of COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: Reflect and propose adaptations to the Multimodal Hand Hygiene Strategy for field hospitals, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: Reflective study, carried out in April 2020, based on the recommendations of the World Health Organization and the guide for the implementation of the five components of the Multimodal Strategy: system change related to infrastructure; training/education; evaluation and feedback; reminders in the workplace; and institutional security climate. RESULTS: The Multimodal Strategy, proposed for hospitals in general, can be adapted for field hospitals in order to reduce the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Investments to adapt the infrastructure and education of workers require foresight and speed and are of special relevance to promote hand hygiene in this care context. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Adjusting the Multimodal Strategy, especially for the reduced time in the execution of each component, is necessary for field hospitals with a view to preventing COVID-19.

Risk of pressure injury among users of emergency care units.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the risk of pressure injury in patients of emergency care units. METHOD: Descriptive, cross-sectional, and quantitative by applying the Braden scale to 377 patients from eight units in Paraná, between April and September 2016. Descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation were used, with a significance of 0.1% for analysis. RESULTS: There was a prevalence of risk-free patients (64.5%; n=243) and of older adults (54.6%; n=206); those at high risk for pressure injury were in the emergency department. Most of the variables were preserved, with emphasis on sensory perception (65.3%; n=246). The Spearman's correlation coefficient was at least 0.93 and indicated a strong linear relation between the results obtained in the variables and in the scale; it was verified that the risk for pressure injury increases with age. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the patients were not at risk; however, the older adults and those treated in the emergency department were at high risk of developing pressure injuries.

Predictors of prolonged hospital stay in a Comprehensive Stroke Unit. / Preditores de internação prolongada em Unidade de Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC).

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the in-hospital complications of prolonged hospital stay in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, admitted to the stroke unit of a tertiary hospital. METHOD: this is an evaluative correlational study. All first-ever ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack patients admitted were retrospectively analyzed. During hospital stay, the predictors of long-term hospitalization considered were: 1) clinical complications (pneumonia, urinary tract infection, pressure damage and deep vein thrombosis), and 2) neurological complications (malignant ischemic stroke and symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation). RESULTS: 353 patients were discharged in the study period. Mean age was 64.1±13.7 years old and 186 (52.6%) were men. The mean time of hospital stay was 13.7±14.3 days. Pneumonia (25.3±28.8 days, p<0.001), urinary tract infection (32.9±45.2 days, p<0.001) and malignant stroke (29.1±21.4 days, p<0.001) increased significantly the length of hospital stay compared to patients without any complications (11.2±7.1 days). CONCLUSION: this study showed that three complications delayed hospital discharge in patients admitted in a stroke unit, two preventable ones: pneumonia and urinary tract infection. More intense measures to avoid them should be included in the performance indicators to reduce the length of hospital stay in stroke units.

Financial cost of whole blood and blood component disposals in a Brazilian coordinating blood center.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the reasons for the disposal of blood in the coordinating blood center of the State of Paraná and to estimate the financial costs resulting from potentially avoidable discards. METHOD: A descriptive, retrospective and documentary analysis, with data related to the period from 2010 to 2015 of a Brazilian coordinating blood center collected from a governmental database and analyzed by descriptive statistics. This study was approved by the Ethics Research Committee (CAEE 63074916.0.0000.5225). RESULTS: 101,813 units were discarded, representing 22.3% of the total of 455,684 produced; plasma was the most discharged blood component. The main reason for discarding was lipemia (35.8%); the analysis showed that 56.9% of the disposals were considered potentially avoidable with an estimated paid value of approximately US$2 million. CONCLUSION: The expressive potential of avoidance of disposal of blood units and blood components highlights the importance of planning actions aiming at their best use, contributing to the reduction of amounts paid for these processes.

Prevalence and avoidability of surgical adverse events in a teaching hospital in Brazil. / Prevalência e evitabilidade de eventos adversos cirúrgicos em hospital de ensino do Brasil.

OBJECTIVE: to estimate the prevalence and avoidability of surgical adverse events in a teaching hospital and to classify the events according to the type of incident and degree of damage. METHOD: cross-sectional retrospective study carried out in two phases. In phase I, nurses performed a retrospective review on a simple randomized sample of 192 records of adult patients using the Canadian Adverse Events Study form for case tracking. Phase II aimed at confirming the adverse event by an expert committee composed of physicians and nurses. Data were analyzed by univariate descriptive statistics. RESULTS: the prevalence of surgical adverse events was 21.8%. In 52.4% of the cases, detection occurred on outpatient return. Of the 60 cases analyzed, 90% (n = 54) were preventable and more than two thirds resulted in mild to moderate damage. Surgical technical failures contributed in approximately 40% of the cases. There was a prevalence of the infection category associated with health care (50%, n = 30). Adverse events were mostly related to surgical site infection (30%, n = 18), suture dehiscence (16.7%, n = 10) and hematoma/seroma (15%, n = 9). CONCLUSION: the prevalence and avoidability of surgical adverse events are challenges faced by hospital management.

Structure and spasmolytic activity relationships of monoterpene analogues found in many aromatic plants.

Rotundifolone, a monoterpene isolated from the essential oil of the leaves of Mentha x villosa, is a constituent of several essential oils and known to have spasmolytic activity. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between structure and spasmolytic activity of rotundifolone and its analogues in ileum isolated from guinea-pig. Five of the seven tested analogues were found to have a spasmolytic effect more potent than rotundifolone itself, except for pulegone and (+)-limonene. The comparison between rotundifolone and limonene oxide showed that the absence of the keto group did not decrease the relaxant effect. Comparison of the spasmolytic activity between rotundifolone and (+)-pulegone showed that the absence of the epoxy group did not decrease the relaxation of the ileum. Carvone epoxide was found to be significantly more potent than rotundifolone. The monoterpene (-)-carvone produced ileum relaxation and was more potent than its enantiomer (+)-carvone. (+)-Limonene and pulegone oxide showed a similar effect. The study showed that the functional groups and their position at the ring of rotundifolone contributed to the relaxation activity of the ileum. The absence of the oxygenated molecular structure is not a critical requirement for the molecule to be bioactive.

Segurança do paciente na prática clínica dos estudantes de enfermagem: conhecimentos e atitudes / Seguridad del paciente en la práctica clínica de los estudiantes de enfermería: conocimientos y actitudes / Patient safety in clinical practice of nursing students: knowledge and attitudes

Objetivos: mensurar os conhecimentos e atitudes de estudantes de enfermagem sobre segurança do paciente em campos de prática desenvolvido em unidades hospitalares. Método: pesquisa transversal e quantitativa, realizada em um centro universitário privado da capital paranaense. Foi aplicado o Latino Students Patient Safety Questionnaire a 26 estudantes entre os meses de junho e agosto de 2022. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva. Itens/questões com escore ?4 pontos indicam resultado satisfatório Resultados: das 21 afirmativas, 57,1% foram consideradas insatisfatórias. A consciência do erro individual, das normas de segurança adotadas pela instituição e da impossibilidade de evitar a maioria dos erros clínicos obtiveram as menores médias (2,7 cada). Os itens da dimensão atitude proativa para evitar risco à segurança apresentaram-se satisfatórios (≥4 pontos). Conclusão: os estudantes apresentam atitude proativa para evitar risco à segurança, embora haja lacunas de conhecimento acerca da segurança do paciente em campos práticos.

Objetivos: medir los conocimientos y actitudes de estudiantes de enfermería sobre seguridad del paciente en campos de práctica desarrollado en unidades hospitalarias. Método: investigación transversal y cuantitativa, realizada en un centro universitario privado de la capital paranaense. Se aplicó el Latino Students Patient Safety Questionnaire a 26 estudiantes entre los meses de junio y agosto de 2022. Los datos fueron analizados por estadística descriptiva. Ítems/cuestiones con puntaje ?4 puntos indican resultado satisfactorio Resultados: de las 21 afirmativas, 57,1% fueron consideradas insatisfactorias. La conciencia del error individual, de las normas de seguridad adoptadas por la institución y de la imposibilidad de evitar la mayoría de los errores clínicos obtuvieron las menores medias (2,7 cada una). Los ítems de la dimensión actitud proactiva para evitar riesgo a la seguridad se presentaron satisfactorios (≥4 puntos). Conclusión: los estudiantes presentan actitud proactiva para evitar riesgo a la seguridad, aunque hay lagunas de conocimiento acerca de la seguridad del paciente en campos prácticos.

Objective: to measure the knowledge and attitudes of nursing students about patient safety in fields of practice developed in hospital units. Method: cross-sectional and quantitative research, conducted in a private university center in the capital of Paraná. The Latino Students Patient Safety Questionnaire was applied to 26 students between June and August 2022. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Items/questions with ?4 points score indicate satisfactory result. Results: of the 21 statements, 57.1% were considered unsatisfactory. Awareness of individual error, safety standards adopted by the institution and the impossibility of avoiding most clinical errors obtained the lowest averages (2.7 each). The items of the proactive attitude dimension to avoid safety risk were satisfactory (≥4 points). Conclusion: students present a proactive attitude to avoid safety risk, although there are gaps in knowledge about patient safety in practical fields.

Impact of surgical checklists on the time of surgical processes: a cross-sectional study / Impacto de checklists cirúrgicos no tempo dos processos operatórios: um estudo transversal

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the impact of the use of checklists on the mean time of the operative processes of patients undergoing hip and knee arthroplasties. Method: cross-sectional and analytical research conducted between November/2020 and March/2022 with retrospective consultation in a simple random sample of 291 medical records, distributed in three periods (2010/2013/2016). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis; p=0.05 values indicated significance. Results: there was a reduction in the time of entry-exit from the operating room (p=0.002), surgery (p<0.001) and between the onset-anesthesia and the beginning-incision (p=0.021). There was no difference in time between patients with and without the use of checklists (p=0.05) in relation to the variables onset-anesthesia, onset-incision, time of anesthesia and surgery. Conclusion: the implementation of checklists potentially contributed to reduce the time of use of the operating room. The nonassociation of its use with the increase in the mean time of the processes in the operating room shows that its application does not interfere negatively in this indicator.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o impacto do uso de checklists no tempo médio dos processos operatórios de pacientes submetidos a artroplastias de quadril e joelho. Método: pesquisa transversal e analítica realizada entre novembro/2020 e março/2022 com consulta retrospectiva em amostra aleatória simples de 291 prontuários, distribuídos em três períodos (2010/2013/2016). Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial para análise dos dados; valores de p=0,05 indicaram significância. Resultados: houve redução do tempo de entrada-saída da sala cirúrgica (p=0,002), de cirurgia (p<0,001) e entre o início-anestesia e início-incisão (p=0,021). Não houve diferença no tempo entre os pacientes com e sem o uso dos checklists (p=0,05) com relação às variáveis início-anestesia, início-incisão, tempo de anestesia e de cirurgia. Conclusão: a implantação de checklists potencialmente contribuiu para reduzir o tempo de uso da sala cirúrgica. A não associação de seu uso ao aumento do tempo médio dos processos no centro cirúrgico mostra que sua aplicação não interfere negativamente nesse indicador.

Adhesion to patient safety protocols in emergency care units.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate compliance of national patient safety protocols in Emergency Care Units (UPA) of the Paraná State. METHOD: From April until September 2016, the exploratory stage of the action research was conducted on stratified sampling with 377 patients of eight units, with use of verification instrument of basic safety actions. RESULTS: The absence of systematic identification of patients, fall risk assessment and signaling and development of pressure injuries were evidenced. We observed that 52.8% of parenteral solutions in use were not identified and that, in only 29.4% of the cases, the allergic condition was investigated. In 80.6% of the emergency units there was availability of alcoholic solution to hand hygiene. CONCLUSION: We concluded that the non-compliance of basic actions concerning patient safety exposes users to preventable adverse events and demands systematized actions to comply with government guidelines and promote quality of health assistance.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and content validation of the Global Trigger Tool surgical module / Traducción, adaptación transcultural y validación de contenido del módulo quirúrgico Global Trigger Tool / Tradução, adaptação transcultural e validação de conteúdo do módulo cirúrgico do Global Trigger Tool

ABSTRACT Objective: to translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the Global Trigger Tool surgical module content for Brazil. Method: this is methodological research, carried out between March/2018 and February/2019, following the steps of translation, synthesis, back-translation, validation by the Delphi technique, pre-test and presentation to developers. Two translators, two back-translators, six professionals participated in the expert committee. A pre-test was carried out with a retrospective analysis of 244 medical records of adult patients. The content validity index and Cronbach's alpha were determined for data analysis. Results: the translation and cross-cultural adaptation allowed adjustments of items for use in Brazil. The mean Content Validity Index was 1.38, and the degree of agreement among experts was 92.4%. Cronbach's alpha was 0.83 for the 11 surgical triggers and their guidelines. Conclusion: the module was translated, cross-culturally adapted for Brazil, with high reliability to identify surgical adverse events.

RESUMEN Objetivo: traducir, adaptar transculturalmente y validar el contenido del módulo quirúrgico Global Trigger Tool para Brasil. Método: investigación metodológica, realizada entre marzo/2018 y febrero/2019, siguiendo las etapas de traducción, síntesis, retrotraducción, validación por la técnica Delphi, pre-test y presentación a desarrolladores. En el comité de expertos participaron dos traductores, dos retrotraductores, seis profesionales. El pretest se realizó con un análisis retrospectivo de 244 historias clínicas de pacientes adultos. Para el análisis de los datos se determinó el índice de validez de contenido y el alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: la traducción y la adaptación transcultural permitieron ajustes de los ítems para uso en Brasil. El Índice de Validez de Contenido medio fue de 1,38 y el grado de acuerdo entre expertos fue del 92,4%. El alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,83 para los 11 disparadores quirúrgicos y sus orientaciones. Conclusión: el módulo fue traducido y adaptado transculturalmente para Brasil, con alta confiabilidad para identificar eventos adversos quirúrgicos.

RESUMO Objetivo: traduzir, adaptar transculturalmente e validar o conteúdo do módulo cirúrgico do Global Trigger Tool para o Brasil. Método: pesquisa metodológica, realizada entre março/2018 e fevereiro/2019, seguindo os passos de tradução, síntese, retrotradução, validação pela técnica Delphi, pré-teste e apresentação para os desenvolvedores. Participaram dois tradutores, dois retrotradutores, seis profissionais para o comitê de especialistas. Realizou-se o pré-teste com análise retrospectiva de 244 prontuários de pacientes adultos. Determinou-se o índice de validade de conteúdo e alfa de Cronbach para análise dos dados. Resultados: a tradução e a adaptação transcultural permitiram ajustes dos itens para uso no Brasil. O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo médio foi 1,38, e grau de concordância entre os especialistas, 92,4 %. O alfa de Cronbach foi 0,83 para os 11 triggers cirúrgicos e respectivas orientações. Conclusão: o módulo foi traduzido e adaptado transculturalmente para o Brasil, com alta confiabilidade para identificar eventos adversos cirúrgicos.

Clima de seguridad del paciente en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos en un hospital privado / Patient Safety Climate in Intensive Care Units at a Private Hospital

Introducción: El clima de seguridad del paciente se refleja en las actitudes y percepciones individuales de los profesionales con respecto a los puntos clave de la seguridad del paciente en la institución. Objetivo: Analizar el clima de seguridad del paciente desde la percepción del equipo de enfermería de las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital privado en Brasil. Métodos: Investigación cuantitativa de diseño descriptivo de corte transversal desarrollada en septiembre de 2020 en tres unidades de un hospital privado de la ciudad de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. Los participantes fueron 60 profesionales, 14 enfermeras y 46 técnicos de enfermería, que constituye una muestra no probabilística e intencional. La recopilación de datos se produjo mediante la aplicación de la Safety Attitudes Questionnaire. Los datos recolectados fueron analizados por estadística descriptiva, prueba t de Student y Mann-Whitney. Las puntuaciones ≥ 75 por ciento indican una percepción positiva del clima de seguridad. Resultados: El clima medio general de seguridad del paciente fue de 67,63 por ciento. La satisfacción en el trabajo obtuvo la mayor puntuación (76,29 por ciento), mientras que la percepción de la gestión hospitalaria fue la más baja (58,53 por ciento). Las enfermeras presentaron puntuaciones más positivas y con diferencia significativa para "Percepción del manejo en el hospital" (p = 0,022), en comparación con los técnicos de enfermería. Conclusión: El equipo de enfermería percibe debilidades con relación a la gestión, y las acciones estimulantes para reducir las diferencias entre los trabajadores son relevantes para mejorar el clima institucional(AU)

Introduction: The patient safety climate is reflected in individual attitudes and perceptions of professionals regarding the key points of patient safety at the institutional level. Objective: To analyze the patient safety climate as perceived by the nursing staff of the intensive care units of a private hospital in Brazil. Methods: A quantitative research with a cross-sectional and descriptive design was developed in September 2020 in three units of a private hospital in Curitiba City, Paraná State, Brazil. The participants were sixty professionals, fourteen nurses and 46 nursing technicians, which made up a nonprobabilistic and intentional sample. Data collection was done through the application of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney test. The scores greater than or equal to 75 percent are indicative of a positive perception about safety climate. Results: The overall mean patient safety climate was 67.63 percent. Job satisfaction scored the highest (76.29 percent), while perception of hospital management was the lowest (58.53 percent). Nurses presented more positive scores and with significant difference for the category "perception of hospital management" (p=0.002), compared to nursing technicians. Conclusion: The nursing staff perceives weaknesses with respect to management, while stimulating actions for reducing differences among workers are relevant to improve the institutional climate(AU)

Caracterização de eventos adversos hospitalares: busca ativa versus notificação espontânea / Characterization of adverse hospital events: active search versus spontaneous reporting / Caracterización de los eventos adversos hospitalarios: búsqueda activa versus notificación espontánea

RESUMO Objetivo: caracterizar comparativamente os eventos adversos notificados espontaneamente e por busca ativa. Método: estudo avaliativo transversal documental, para o rastreamento de casos relativos ao período de 01 de julho a 31 de dezembro de 2019, em pacientes críticos, empregando a metodologia do Canadian Adverse Events Study. O estudo foi realizado em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de Curitiba-PR, Brasil. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se o teste não-paramétrico de McNemar entre as prevalências de eventos adversos. Resultados: houve predomínio de lesão por pressão, sepse pulmonar e remoção não programada de sondas de alimentação. A comparação dos casos identificados, ativa e espontaneamente, indica explícita subnotificação; quanto à evitabilidade e gravidade, observa-se eventos adversos com maior gravidade e menor evitabilidade na notificação espontânea, inferindo trivialização no relato daqueles de baixa gravidade e alta evitabilidade. Conclusão: a caracterização de eventos adversos em pacientes críticos possibilita implementar estratégias para a promoção da cultura de segurança.

ABSTRACT Objective: to comparatively characterize adverse events reported spontaneously and through active search. Method: Evaluation documentary cross-sectional study aimed to track cases that occurred from July 1 to December 31, 2019, in critically ill patients, using the methodology of the Canadian Adverse Events Study. For data analysis, McNemar's non-parametric test was used to calculate prevalence rates of adverse events. Results: There was a predominance of cases of pressure ulcer, lung sepsis and unplanned removal of feeding tubes. Regarding preventability and severity, adverse events are more severe and less avoidable in spontaneous reporting, inferring underestimation in the reporting of low-severity and highly avoidable events. Conclusion: Characterization of adverse events in critically ill patients makes it possible to implement strategies to promote a safety culture.

RESUMEN Objetivo: caracterizar comparativamente los eventos adversos notificados espontáneamente y por búsqueda activa. Metodología: estudio evaluativo transversal documental, para el seguimiento de los casos relacionados con el periodo comprendido entre el 1 de julio y el 31 de diciembre de 2019, en pacientes críticos, empleando la metodología del Canadian Adverse Events Study. El estudio se realizó en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de Curitiba-PR, Brasil. Para el análisis de los datos, se utilizó la prueba no paramétrica de McNemar entre la prevalencia de eventos adversos. Resultados: hubo predominio de las lesiones por presión, la sepsis pulmonar y la retirada no programada de las sondas de alimentación. La comparación de los casos identificados, activa y espontáneamente, indica una subnotificación explícita; en cuanto a la evitabilidad y la severidad, se observan los eventos adversos con mayor severidad y menor evitabilidad en la notificación espontánea, infiriendo la trivialización en el informe de los casos de baja severidad y alta evitabilidad. Conclusión: la caracterización de los eventos adversos en los pacientes críticos permite implementar estrategias para la promoción de una cultura de seguridad.

Caracterização dos óbitos notificados decorrentes de complicações dos cuidados médicos e cirúrgicos / Characterization of reported deaths resulting from complications of medical and surgical care / Caracterización de las muertes reportadas como resultado de complicaciones de la atención médica y quirúrgica

Objetivo: descrever os casos de óbitos notificados por complicações de assistência médica e cirúrgica no Brasil entre 2015 a 2018. Método: descritivo e retrospectivo conduzido entre junho e julho de 2020 com os registros de óbitos extraídos do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade em Saúde. Os dados foram agrupados em dois biênios 2015-2016 e 2017-2018 e analisados por estatística descritiva e variações percentuais. Resultados: foram notificados 6.587 óbitos, com destaque para o biênio 2017-2018 (n=3.425;52%). Os óbitos ocasionados pelo uso de equipamentos médicos reduziram no Brasil, com variação percentual negativa de 15,4% entre os biênios. Houve aumento das mortes por efeitos adversos de drogas/medicamentos com variação percentual positiva de 12,2%. O número de óbitos por acidentes durante a assistência hospitalar se manteve estacionário. Conclusão: observaram-se alterações nos registros de óbitos notificados no Brasil, e expandir ações preventivas que visem reduzir os óbitos são necessárias em todos os grupos de notificação.

Objective: describing the cases of deaths reported due to complications of medical and surgical care in Brazil between 2015 to 2018. Method: a descriptive and retrospective conducted between June and July 2020 with the records of deaths extracted from the Health Mortality Information System. The data were grouped into two biennia, 2015-2016, and 2017-2018, and analyzed by descriptive statistics and percentage variations. Results: there were reported 6,587 deaths, especially the 2017-2018 biennium (n=3,425;52%). Deaths caused using medical equipment reduced in Brazil, with a negative percentage variation of 15.4% among the biennia. There was an increase in deaths from adverse effects of drugs/medications with a positive percentage variation of 12.2%. The number of deaths from accidents during hospital care remained stationary. Conclusion: changes were observed in the records of deaths notified in Brazil, and expanding preventive actions aimed at reducing deaths are necessary in all notification groups.

Objetivo: describir los casos de muertes reportadas por complicaciones de la atención médica y quirúrgica en Brasil entre 2015 y 2018. Método: descriptivo y retrospectivo realizado entre junio y julio de 2020 con los registros de defunciones extraídos del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad en Salud. Los datos se agruparon en dos bienios 2015-2016 y 2017-2018 y se analizaron mediante estadísticas descriptivas y variaciones porcentuales. Resultados: se reportaron 6.587 muertes, especialmente em el bienio 2017-2018 (n=3.425;52%). Las muertes causadas por el uso de equipo médico se redujeron en Brasil, con una variación porcentual negativa del 15,4% entre los bienios. Hubo un aumento en las muertes por efectos adversos de medicamentos con una variación porcentual positiva de 12.2%. El número de muertes por accidentes durante la atención hospitalaria se mantuvo estacionario. Conclusión: se observaron cambios en los registros de muertes notificadas en Brasil, y es necesario ampliar las acciones preventivas dirigidas a reducir las muertes en todos los grupos de notificación.

Detecção precoce de sepse nos serviços de urgência e emergência: revisão integrativa / Detección temprana de la sepsis en servicios de urgencia y emergencia: revisión integradora / Early detection of sepsis in urgent and emergency services: integrative review

RESUMO Objetivo identificar elementos que subsidiam a construção de protocolo clínico para detecção precoce de sepse em serviços de urgência e emergência. Método revisão integrativa da literatura, do período de 2017 a junho de 2021, nas bases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, National Library of Medicine, Scientific Eletronic Library Online, Scopus e Web of Science. Resultados foram encontrados 193 artigos e selecionados nove que compuseram a amostra final. Os elementos identificados foram: recomendações da campanha de sobrevivência à sepse; triagem e abertura de protocolo por enfermeiro; treinamentos; sistemas de alerta, uso dos critérios da síndrome da resposta inflamatória sistêmica; times de resposta ou gerente de protocolo; escore de alerta precoce; check-list de verificação; comunicação multiprofissional e lista de antibióticos. Conclusão os resultados contribuem para assistência ao paciente séptico em serviços de urgência e emergência, favorecendo desfechos positivos, a partir do reconhecimento precoce e aplicação oportuna do tratamento inicial.

RESUMEN Objetivo identificar elementos que apoyen la construcción de un protocolo clínico para la detección temprana de sepsis en servicios de urgencia y emergencia. Método revisión integradora de la literatura, de 2017 a junio de 2021, en las bases de datos Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, National Library of Medicine, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Scopus y Web of Science. Resultados se encontraron 193 artículos de los cuales nueve compusieron la muestra final. Los elementos identificados fueron: recomendaciones de la campaña supervivencia a la sepsis; cribado y apertura de protocolo por enfermero; capacitaciones; sistemas de alerta, uso de los criterios del síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica; equipos de respuesta o gerente de protocolo; puntuación de alerta temprana; lista de verificación de verificación; comunicación multiprofesional y listado de antibióticos. Conclusión los resultados contribuyen a la atención de los pacientes sépticos en los servicios de urgencia y emergencia, favoreciendo resultados positivos, basados ​​en el reconocimiento temprano y la aplicación oportuna del tratamiento inicial.

ABSTRACT Objective to identify elements that support the construction of a clinical protocol for early detection of sepsis in urgent and emergency services. Method integrative literature review, from 2017 to June 2021, in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, National Library of Medicine, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Scopus and Web of Science. Results 193 articles were found and nine composed the final sample. The elements identified were: recommendations from the surviving sepsis campaign; screening and opening of protocol by nurse; trainings; warning systems, use of systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria; response teams or protocol manager; early warning score; checklist of verification; multiprofessional communication and antibiotic list. Conclusion the results contribute to care for septic patients in urgent and emergency services, favoring positive outcomes, based on early recognition and timely application of the initial treatment.

Association between professional qualification and adverse events in neonatal and pediatric intensive treatment units / Asociación entre calificación profesional y eventos adversos en unidades de tratamiento intensivo neonatal y pediátrico / Associação entre qualificação profissional e eventos adversos em unidades de tratamento intensivo neonatal e pediátrico

ABSTRACT Objective: to verify the association between the qualification of nursing professionals and the occurrence of adverse events in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. Method: Cross-sectional and evaluation study conducted in six intensive care units of five public hospitals in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Data was collected from April/2017 to January/2018 through the use of a questionnaire to be completed by 143 nursing professionals and retrospective analysis of 79 medical records using the Neonatal Trigger Tool and Pediatric Trigger Tool instruments. The prognostic factors were professional training and the existence, or not, of a continuing education service; analysis was performed by logistic regression. Results: Detected 30 adverse events in 22 medical records analyzed. There was a prevalence of infection (n = 12; 40%) and skin damage (n = 9; 30%). Among the prognostic factors, continuing education was identified as a protective factor against adverse events (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Continuing education was associated with the prevention of adverse events in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar la asociación entre la calificación de los profesionales de enfermería y la ocurrencia de eventos adversos en las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales y pediátricos Método: Estudio evaluativo y transversal, realizado en seis unidades de cuidados intensivos de cinco hospitales públicos del estado de Paraná, Brasil. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo de abril / 2017 a enero / 2018 con la aplicación de un cuestionario a 143 profesionales de enfermería y análisis retrospectivo de 79 historias clínicas utilizando los instrumentos Neonatal Trigger Tool y Pediatric Trigger Tool. Los factores pronósticos fueron la formación profesional y la existencia, o no, de un servicio de educación continua; el análisis se realizó mediante regresión logística. Resultados: Detectado 30 eventos adversos en 22 historias clínicas analizadas. Hubo una prevalencia de infección (n = 12; 40%) y daño cutáneo (n = 9; 30%). Entre los factores pronósticos, se identificó la educación continua como factor protector frente a eventos adversos (p≤0,05). Conclusión: La educación continua se asoció con la prevención de eventos adversos en las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales y pediátricos.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre a qualificação dos profissionais de enfermagem e a ocorrência de eventos adversos em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal e pediátrica. Método: Estudo transversal conduzido em seis unidades de cinco hospitais públicos do Estado do Paraná, Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu de abril/2017 a janeiro/2018, com análise retrospectiva e aplicação dos instrumentos Neonatal Trigger Tool e Paediatric Trigger Tool a 79 prontuários, para detectar eventos adversos, questionário autoaplicável a 143 profissionais e consulta aos documentos e registros hospitalares. Os fatores prognósticos de eventos adversos foram capacitação profissional e existência, ou não, de serviço de educação continuada; a análise foi realizada por regressão logística. Resultados: Detectou-se 30 eventos adversos, com prevalência de infecção (n=12;40%) e lesão de pele (n=9;30%). A educação continuada foi identificada como fator protetor para eventos adversos (p≤0,05). Conclusão: atividade educativa foi associada à prevenção de eventos adversos em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal e pediátrica.