[Physiologic and hygienic substantiation of requirements of individual protective means against cold of workers exposed to local and general vibration]. / Fiziologo-gigienicheskoe obosnovanie trebovanii k individual'nym sredstvam zashchity ot kholoda rabochikh, podvergaiushchikhsia vozdeistviiu lokal'noi i obshchei vibratsii.

The article deals with results of studies evaluating heat and functional state of miners in Murmansk region. The authors suggest prophylaxis against unfavorable effects of cold and vibration on the miners. The measures are to lower thermoregulatory overstrain by use of individual protective means providing optimal heat state during the work activities.

[Regulation of microclimate at workplaces of industrial accommodations]. / Problema normirovaniia mikroklimata na rabochikh mestakh v proizvodstvennykh pomeshcheniiakh.

The article describes methodic approaches to regulation of optimal and allowable microclimate in industrial compartments. Those approaches include concepts that justify criteria of human heat state during variable physical activities, industrial testing of experimental data, evaluation of health state according to transitory disablement records and medical or epidemiologic studies. Having considered relationships between workers heat state and the environmental temperature load, the authors presented an equation to determine upper allowable limit of the latter.

[Evaluation of the effects of a complex of physical factors on the functional state of men doing mental work]. / Otsenka vliianiia kompleksa fizicheskikh faktorov na funktsional'noe sostoianie cheloveka, vypolniaiushchego umstvennuiu rabotu.

The article evaluates influence of environmental, physical factors (noise, vibration, ambient temperature, illumination) on human functional state. The study involved 3 males performing mental tasks (following the object movements on monitor and correcting the track after variable interferences appearing in uneven time intervals) in specific microclimate chamber. The study revealed physiologic parameters more substantial for human functional state if influenced by environmental physical factors. For each parameter of human functional state and environmental physical factor a significance share was determined. If significant (r = 0.82, p < 0.001), correlations between parameters of human functional state and environmental physical factors became a material for integral equations. Method of cluster analyses defined 3 classes of human functional state and environmental status. Evaluation and regulation of those integral parameters became possible through a probability nomogram obtained.

[Substantiation of the regulation of environmental heat load for workers exposed to heating microclimate (for example, steel smelting)]. / K obosnovaniiu reglamentatsii termicheskoi nagruzki sredy na rabotaiushchikh v nagrevaiushchem mikroklimate (na primere staleplavil'nogo proizvodstva).

The article analyzes the studies concerning long-term influence of heating stress on health state of subjects working in heating microclimate. Using epidemiologic cohort studies, the authors evaluated level and causes of mortality among workers of steel-making plant. Environmental heating was proved to increase cardiovascular mortality risk.

[Revising sanitary norms of microclimate in industrial accommodations]. / K peresmotru sanitarnykh norm mikroklimata proizvodstvennykh pomeshchenii.

The article outlines new edition of a project "Sanitary norms of microclimate in industrial compartments". Up-to-date scientific data, results of studies concerning human heat state in experimental and industrial conditions, evaluation of the workers' health state helped to modify optimal and allowable parameters of microclimate, to rectify requirements for measurement conditions and measuring devices. When the recommended temperature could not be maintained, the duration of work in such conditions should be limited for prevention of overheating and overcooling. To examine prophylactic measures against overheating, the authors suggested an integral characteristic of heating environmental load (TNS-index) and set its safe values.

[Effect of heating microclimate and noise on the morbidity of female weavers]. / Vliianie nagrevaiushchego mikroklimata i shuma na zabolevaemost' tkachikh.

The article contains results of research of the complex action of noise and heating microclimate on female weavers and on morbidity with temporary disability in this professional group. The group of medically examined weavers was divided into three parts: Cr. 1 - exposed to noise levels at 98.6 +/- 0.8 dB(A) and t degrees at 25.6 +/- 0.6 degrees C; Gr. 2-93.3 +/- 0.4 dB(A) and t degrees at 24.4 +/- 0.11 degrees C; Gr. 3-93.0 +/- 0.7 dB(A) and t degrees at 26.7 +/- 0.1 degrees C. The specific differences between the 3 groups of female weavers in morbidity with temporary disability caused by hypertension can be explained by the complex action heating microclimate and extensive noise.

[Combined effects of noise and heat and the evaluation of their biological equivalency]. / Sochetannoe deistvie shuma, tepla i otsenka ikh biologicheskoi ékvivalentnosti.

The article contains a review of medical literature data on the complex action of noise and heat on man and laboratory animals, which prove without doubt a synergic nature of their complex action, whereas their effect on the audiofunction is near to an additive one. To perform hygienic assessments of their action, in addition to the typology of the complex action, it is proposed to use the biologic equivalent index which reflects the dosage-relationship of the two factors. It is indicated that the index is equal to 0.4-3.3 degrees C/dBA for different figures, being greater in respect to specific indices as compared with non-specific ones. More research should be made into this important problem.

[Analysis of combined effects of noise and heating microclimate on various indicators of the status of the human body]. / Analiz sochetannogo vliianiia shuma i nagrevaiushchego mikroklimata na nekotorye pokazateli sostoianiia organizma cheloveka.

Experimental study was performed to establish the characteristics of a complex action of noise and heating microclimate on some physiological and psychophysiological indices. The affecting factors were registered on one of the three possible levels: for noise--65, 80, 95 dBA; for temperatures--23 degrees, 28 degrees, 33 degrees C in 90 min. after which the recuperation process was registered for 30 min. Practically healthy male volunteers, aged 19-28, were involved in the study. It was established that the types of the physiological and psychophysiological dynamics' indices differed not only in the chart elements, but also in the characteristics of the factors' interaction, which confirmed inadvisability of using average indices of the functions studied. At all levels, the combination of the factors, their interaction were close to the additive type. This should be taken into account in the standardization procedures.

[Cytochrome b-558 from blood serum and erythrocyte membranes. Isolation, purification, and brief characteristics]. / Tsitokhromy b-558 iz syvorotki krovi i membran éritrotsitov. Vydelenie, ochistka i kratkie kharakteristiki.

Four types of water-soluble cytochromes b-558 (cyt. b-558) have been isolated and purified from blood serum (cyt. b-558 (I), cyt. b-558 (II)) and erythrocyte membranes (cyt. b-558 (III) and cyt. b-558 (IV)). The cytochromes differ in their acid-basic properties, molecular masses (110, 95, 125 and 80 kDa for cyt. b-558 (I), cyt. b-558 (II), b-558 (III) and cyt. b-558 (IV), respectively) as well as by the composition (cyt. b-558 (III) and cyt. b-558 (IV) are lipoproteins) and absorption maxima at the wavelengths of 340-360 nm. The cytochromes have similar absorption maxima at the wavelengths 600-400 nm (560, 530 and 412 nm in the oxidized state) and 558, 525 and 420 nm in the reduced state) which makes them identical to cytochromes b-558 obtained from blood constituents membranes.

[NADPH-containing, superoxide-producing lipoprotein fraction from blood serum. Isolation, purification, brief characteristics and mechanism of action]. / NADPH-soderzhashchaia, superoksid-produtsiruiushchaia lipoporteinovaia fraktsiia iz syvorotki krovi. Vydelenie, ochistka, kratkaia kharakteristika i mekhanizm deistviia.

A procedure for isolation and purification of the lipoprotein fraction from blood serum (human, rabbit, bovine, rat) has been developed which includes ion-exchange chromatography of the dialyzed serum on DEAE and CM cellulose and DEAE. Sephadex as well as gel filtration on Sephadex G-150 and biogel P-150. This fraction was purified until denaturation and loss of solubility. The optical purification index of this fraction (A280/A430) is 8.5. The fraction has an optical absorption spectrum with a maximum at 280 nm and a weakly expressed shoulder at 430 nm, its fluorescence spectrum has an excitation maximum at 370 nm and emission maximum at 430 nm characteristic of NADPH. The protein fraction presumably contains NADPH and about 50% of phospholipids. It is assumed that the mechanism of O2 production involves Fe3+ reduction to Fe2+ by NADPH and the electron transfer from Fe2+ to atmospheric oxygen. Suprol provides a simple and readily accessible source of superoxide radicals for the study of their effects on various biosystems.

[Superoxide-producing lipoprotein as a tumor growth suppressing factor, increasing the number of leukocytes and accelerating cell division in culture]. / Superoksid-produtsiruiushchii lipoprotein kak faktor podavleniia rostaopukholei, povysheniia chisla leikotsitov, uskoreniia deleniia kletok v kul'ture.

Superoxide-generating lipoprotein was isolated and purified from human serum; four intraperitoneal injections of Fe(3+)-activated suprol (150 micrograms/ml) increased rat peripheral blood leukocytes only by 8-10% in 24 h. In 3 days after inoculation of animals with Pliss lymphosarcoma or M-1 sarcoma, similar injections of activated suprol increased leukocyte count up to the numbers in healthy animals. Growth of M-1 sarcoma and Pliss sarcoma was decreased by 31 +/- 4 and 52 +/- 2%, respectively. Activated suprol (15 micrograms/ml) stimulated growth of stationary chicken embryonic cell culture by 52.1%. Activated suprol at concentrations exceeding 50 micrograms/ml lysed all cells in the culture. Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase suppressed suprol-stimulated proliferation of actively proliferating culture; not activated (native) suprol did not significantly increase leukocyte count, did not suppress tumor growth, and did not stimulate growth of cultured cells. The data suggest an important role of superoxide radicals in these processes. Inhibition of tumor growth by suprol may be associated with tumor DNA degradation by superoxide radicals (tumor DNA is more sensitive to O2- because superoxide dismutase activity is significantly lower in tumor cells versus normal tissues) and increased resistance of the organism due to stimulation of leukopoiesis.