RESUMO
AIMS: Cerebral hypometabolism occurs years prior to a diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases and coincides with reduced cerebral perfusion and declining noradrenergic transmission from the locus coeruleus. In pre-clinical models, ß-adrenoceptor (ß-AR) agonists increase cerebrocortical glucose metabolism, and may have therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases. This study investigated the safety and effects on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) of the oral, brain-penetrant ß2-AR agonist, clenbuterol, in healthy volunteers (HV) and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS: This study evaluated the safety and effects on cerebral activity of the oral, brain-penetrant, ß2-AR agonist clenbuterol (20-160 µg) in healthy volunteers and patients with MCI or PD. Regional CBF, which is tightly coupled to glucose metabolism, was measured by arterial spin labelling MRI in 32 subjects (25 HV and 8 MCI or PD) across five cohorts. In some cohorts, low doses of nadolol (1-5 mg), a ß-AR antagonist with minimal brain penetration, were administered with clenbuterol to control peripheral ß2-AR responses. RESULTS: Significant, dose-dependent increases in rCBF were seen in multiple brain regions, including hippocampus, amygdala and thalamus, following the administration of clenbuterol to HVs (mean changes from baseline in hippocampal rCBF of -1.7%, 7.3%, 22.9%, 28.4% 3 h after 20, 40, 80 and 160 µg clenbuterol, respectively). In patients with MCI or PD, increases in rCBF following 80 µg clenbuterol were observed both without and with 5 mg nadolol (in hippocampus, 18.6%/13.7% without/with nadolol). Clenbuterol was safe and well-tolerated in all subjects; known side effects of ß2-agonists, including increased heart rate and tremor, were mild in intensity and were blocked by low-dose nadolol. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of clenbuterol on rCBF were evident both in the absence and presence of low-dose nadolol, suggesting central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Concomitant inhibition of the peripheral effects of clenbuterol by nadolol confirms that meaningful ß2-AR antagonism in the periphery was achieved without interrupting the central effects of clenbuterol on rCBF.
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Resumen La diarrea viral bovina (DVB) es una patología infecciosa generada por un pestivirus de distribución mundial, causante de problemas reproductivos y pérdidas económicas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue establecer la positividad al virus de diarrea viral bovina (vDVB) en vacas del municipio de Tuta (Boyacá, Colombia), y analizar los grupos etarios, raciales y las variables reproductivas y de manejo como posibles factores de riesgo. Se tomaron 374 muestras de sangre, a las cuales se les realizó la prueba ELISA indirecta, implementando el kit Serelisa® BVD p80 Ab Mono Blocking; los datos se procesaron con EpiInfo®. Se encontró una seroprevalencia del 41,7 %. Los cruces raciales y los bovinos >4 años presentaron la seroprevalencia más alta. Los animales >4 años (p= 0,0000001922) presentaron asociación estadística con la presencia de la enfermedad, y se consideró factor de riesgo para vDVB. Se deben establecer programas de control y prevención que dificulten su diseminación en la zona.
Abstract Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is an infectious pathology generated by a pestivirus of worldwide distribution, which causes reproductive problems and economic losses. The objective of this study was to establish bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) positivity in cows from the municipality of Tuta (Boyacá, Colombia), and to analyze age and racial groups and reproductive and management variables as possible risk factors. A total of 374 blood samples were taken and the indirect ELISA test was performed using the Serelisa® BVD p80 Ab Mono Blocking kit; the data were processed with EpiInfo®. A seroprevalence of 41.7% was found. Crossbreds and cattle >4 years had the highest seroprevalence. Animals >4 years old (p= 0.0000001922) were statistically associated with the presence of the disease and were considered a risk factor for BVDV. Control and prevention programs should be established to hinder its dissemination in the area.
RESUMO
Las epidemias de virus respiratorios en la era moderna han destacado la importancia de las unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI) para salvar la vida de pacientes graves. El desempeño de la UTI depende mucho del equipamiento y del personal capacitado. En Chiapas, durante el segundo brote de influenza H1N1-2009, se habilitó un área para atender enfermos graves con insuficiente equipamiento y con personal sin experiencia en UTI. Se logró mejorar su desempeño con una capacitación para estandarizar los procesos de atención del paciente en estado crítico.En la preparación para una próxima pandemia es esencial identificar anticipadamente los hospitales con UTI donde referir los casos graves y evitar improvisaciones. La experiencia en Chiapas demuestra que la estandarización de los procesos de atención es clave,y que en caso de una emergencia avasalladora es posible habilitar unidades sin dejar de lado la importancia de aprovechar la infraestructura instalada de cada ciudad con una decisión de autoridad.
Respiratory virus epidemics had highlighted the importance of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) to save life of severe cases. ICU functioning and outcomes depends on infrastructure and trained healthcare personnel. In Chiapas, a Southern state in Mexico,an area to care for severe H1N1 cases on respiratory distress during the second H1N1-2009 outbreak, had to be habilitated.This had to be done without sufficient equipment and ICU un-experienced healthcare workers. It was possible to improve its performance through training and standardizing attention care processes for critically ill patients. In preparation for the next pandemic it is essential to designate hospitals with preexistent ICU where to refer severe cases and avoid improvisations.The experience in Chiapas showed that standardization of medical care processes are clue and in case of an overwhelming emergency it is possible to habilitate an ICU although it is imperative to take advantage from installed facilities in each city with the official authority.
Assuntos
Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1 , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/terapia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Pandemias , Cuidados Críticos , México/epidemiologia , Ventiladores MecânicosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Capillary blood gas test has had ample use in the infantile population. In the adult population, the information is limited and controversial. The agreement between capillary-arterial gases seems to parallel the pH and the carbon dioxide pressure in different studied populations. In order to know the degree of agreement between these gases, we evaluate them at breathing room air and at 100% of oxygen fractions at 2,240 meters above sea level. METHODS: We obtained capillary-arterial blood gases simultaneously from subjects with stable cardiopulmonary disease in both conditions of inspired oxygen. Demographic, hemodynamic, diagnostic, and laboratory variables were gathered. Statistical analysis: agreement was analyzed with the intraclass correlation coefficient and the Bland-Altman procedure. RESULTS: We studied 101 subjects, 48 men and 53 women, whose respective ages were 55 +/- 16 and 56 +/- 16. Mean systemic arterial pressure was 94.96 +/- 10.57 mmHg. Hemoglobin was 15.94 +/- 2.48 g/dl. The agreement between the variables with the inspired oxygen fractions, 21%, 100%, and the mean difference in parenthesis was respectively: potential hydrogen, 0.94 (0.0091), 0.94 (0.0039); oxygen pressure, 0.90 (2.94), 0.84 (74.99); carbon dioxide pressure, 0.97 (0.079), 0.97 (0.179); bicarbonate, 0.93 (-0.067), 0,96 (0.262); total dissolved carbon dioxide, 0.94 (-0.142), 0.93 (0.161); base excess: 0.94, (-0.125), 0.92 (0.235); oxygen saturation, 0.98 (0.764), 0.97(0.202). CONCLUSIONS: Capillary blood gas test could be a useful alternative to the arterial one, nevertheless, it is limited by its low agreement with the oxygen pressure in both oxygen inspired fractions.
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Cardiopatias/sangue , Pneumopatias/sangue , Oxigênio , Oxigênio , Troca Gasosa Pulmonar , Altitude , Gasometria , Capilares , Cardiopatias , PneumopatiasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The most often used functional classification for categorizing the degree of cardiac disability in patients with chronic left ventricular failure is the NYHAN/WHO system. In Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension [I-PAH], this system although used, has not been studied in detail regarding pulmonary hemodynamic parameters association and for long-term prognosis in each of the NYHA/WHO classes. METHODS: We retrospectively, studied the NYHA/ WHO system in 83 I-PAH patients. Patients were separated according to the response in the acute vasodilator trial in responders [n = 30] and nonresponders [n = 53]. RESULTS: Classes I - II did not represent the minority population for I-PAH patients [58/83 = 60%]. Only mean right atrial pressure [mRAP] and mean pulmonary artery pressure [mPAP] were different among the NYHA/WHO functional classes [p < 0.000 and p <0.012; respectively]. I-PAH patients class I have the probability to be a responder 12.6 times more [CI 95.%: 4.59-40.62; p < 0.000]. The long-term mortality for class I patients was 0.%, for class II: 2.%, for class III: 28.% and for class IV: 63.% [p < 0.0001]. The follow-up change for one grade class of the NYHA/WHO classes at four years was noticed only in 20.% of the I-PAH patients. CONCLUSIONS: NYHA/WHO classes I-II did not represent the minority of I-PAH patients population as has been previously considered. Only mRAP and mPAP were different among the NYHA/WHO classes. The NYHA/ WHO system on the basis of mRAP and mPAP allows to separate classes I-II from III-IV. I-PAH patients class I have 12.6 times more the probability to be a responder and better long-term survival; irrespective of the treatment the prognosis seems to be excellent for this functional class group patients.
Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Hemodinâmica , Hipertensão Pulmonar , Hipertensão Pulmonar , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Obesity and Eisenmenger's syndrome are entities widely studied. However, its association is unusual and has not been reported. A wide range of gas exchange abnormalities have been describe in both groups. In the severe obese patients this abnormalities are attributed to a ventilation/perfusion mismatch and to an increase pulmonary venous-arterial shunt, that correlates with the lung volume. In severe obese patients with the Eisenmenger's syndrome, this correlation is unknown. METHODS: We studied 28 obese subjects paired by body mass index > 30 kg/m2. Assigned to two groups, obese with Eisenmenger's syndrome and obese without the syndrome. Clinical variables, respiratory function, echocardiography and gas exchange pre and post-deep breathing maneuver were obtained. Statistical analysis: The variables are expressed with mean+/-standard deviation. Student t test for paired groups and Pearson correlation coefficient were gathered for the differences and associations between groups. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULT: Age was 48.57 +/- 10.32 vs 60.86 +/- 10.47 y.o. respectively, p < 0.004. Systolic pulmonary arterial pressure 104.36 +/- 37 vs 50.1 +/- 12 mm Hg, p < 0.001. The arterial oxygen pressure at rest and during the deep breathing maneuver in each group was: 51.64 +/- 6.38 vs 57.14 +/- 11, p < 0.188 and 56.29 +/- 11.15 vs 72 +/- 11.83, p < 0.001; venous-arterial shunt 12.79 +/- 3.66 vs 13.07 +/- 4.84, p < 0.767 and 9.21 +/- 3.77 vs 6.5 +/- 2.28, p < 0.001; alveolar arterial oxygen difference 271.14 +/- 79.92 vs 243.79 +/- 92.07, p < 0.001, respectively. Conclusion: Obese subjects with Eisenmenger's syndrome, did not have significant improvement of gas exchange with the deep breathing maneuver.
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complexo de Eisenmenger , Complexo de Eisenmenger , Hipertensão Pulmonar , Hipertensão Pulmonar , Obesidade , Obesidade , Troca Gasosa Pulmonar , Respiração , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
In recent years, several important outcomes have allowed increasing our understanding in the biopathology of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Although the triggering event remains unknown, some of the adjacent mechanisms of disease had been identified. Pharmacological manipulation of such mechanisms, due to advances in the biopathology, has produced some clear clinical benefits, related to the survival of these patients. However, little exploration has been done on other pathways such as apoptosis or gene manipulation, which may be of great interest both for scientific and clinical research.
Assuntos
Humanos , Hipertensão Pulmonar/patologia , Hipertensão Pulmonar , Hipertensão PulmonarRESUMO
Massive pulmonary embolism is associated with an increased mortality. It is secondary to migration of a venous thrombus to the right atrium or ventricle (thrombus in transit) towards the pulmonary circulation. The hemodynamic performance depends on the baseline cardiopulmonary status of the patient and the extent of obstruction. Right ventricular dysfunction will appear as a direct consequence of a major obstruction and hemodynamic collapse. The treatment of choice is thrombolysis, either intravenous in a peripheral vein, or local administration associated with percutaneous thrombus fragmentation or surgical embolectomy. We present the clinic case of a woman with massive pulmonary embolism. The transthoracic echocardiogram showed the presence of three auricular thrombus, right ventricular dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. A right side catheterization and angiography demonstrated the pulmonary artery obstruction and right ventricular dysfunction. The troponin-I was elevated as a result of right ventricular strain. Mechanical thrombectomy was made using a pigtail catheter and thrombolysis into the pulmonary artery using recombinant tisular plasminogen activator. There was an immediate hemodynamic improvement and the post-thrombolysis angiography performed after 24-h demonstrated an improvement of the pulmonary circulation as well as decreased pulmonary artery pressures.
Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Átrios do Coração , Cardiopatias , Embolia Pulmonar , Trombectomia , Trombose , Disfunção Ventricular Direita , Administração Oral , Angiografia , Anticoagulantes , Anticoagulantes , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Ecocardiografia , Eletrocardiografia , Seguimentos , Fibrinolíticos , Fibrinolíticos , Átrios do Coração , Cardiopatias , Cardiopatias , Embolia Pulmonar , Embolia Pulmonar , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Trombose , Trombose , Ativador de Plasminogênio Tecidual , Ativador de Plasminogênio Tecidual , Disfunção Ventricular Direita , Varfarina , VarfarinaRESUMO
La hipertensión ventricular derecha es una entidad esperada en enfermedades cardiopulmonares. La obstrucción mecánica del tracto de salida del ventrículo derecho es una de ellas. Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente masculino de 69 años de edad con historia de hepatocarcinoma previamente tratado, quien presentó hipertensión ventricular derecha por obstrucción metastásica única al ventrículo derecho. El comportamiento clínico es de un síndrome de hipertensión venosa sistémica. Los estudios no invasivos, como el ecocardiograma y la tomografía axial computarizada la delimitaron. No se demostró actividad neoplásica o metástasis en otros órganos. La neoformación intra-ventricular derecha fue corroborada mediante cardio-angiografía y la biopsia tumoral confirmó el diagnóstico.
Right ventricular hypertension (RVH) is an entity that could be expected in various cardiopulmonary diseases. Mechanical obstruction to the right ventricle outflow tract is a cause of RVH. We present the case of a 69 year-old male with a history of hepatocarcinoma previously treated. The developed RVH due to mechanical obstruction secondary to metastatic infiltration of the right ventricle. The clinical syndrome was characterized by systemic venous hypertension. Non-invasive studies, such as electrocardiogram and computed tomography scan limited the metastasis to the right ventricle; the diagnosis was confirmed by cardio-angiography and endocardial biopsy. The studies did not demonstrate neoplastic activity at any other level. (Arch Cardiol Mex 2005; 75: 170-177).
Assuntos
Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/secundário , Neoplasias Cardíacas/secundário , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Biópsia , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Ecocardiografia Doppler , Eletrocardiografia , Evolução Fatal , Neoplasias Cardíacas , Neoplasias Cardíacas , Ventrículos do Coração/patologia , Ventrículos do Coração , Ventrículos do Coração , Radiografia Torácica , Disfunção Ventricular Direita/patologia , Disfunção Ventricular Direita , Obstrução do Fluxo Ventricular Externo/patologia , Obstrução do Fluxo Ventricular ExternoRESUMO
Diversas enfermedades congénitas o adquiridas incrementan la presión sistólica del ventrículo derecho. Este incremento se ha realizado con el bandaje del tronco arterial pulmonar con cintas de lino o dispositivos hidráulicos. Presentamos un nuevo dispositivo hidráulico para ser usado en sujetos experimentales menores a 15 kilogramos. Material y métodos: Se realizó una fase experimental de laboratorio donde los dispositivos hidráulicos fueron probados contra presiones hasta de 80 mm Hg; posteriormente se colocaron en el tronco de la arteria pulmonar de perros donde se les determinó la presión sistólica del ventrículo derecho, la de la arteria pulmonar y el gradiente de ambos. Los valores se expresaron en medias ± desviación estándar. Resultados: El peso de los perros fue 12.6 ± 2.2 kilogramos. El diámetro del tronco de la arteria pulmonar encontrado en los perros fue de 12.4 ± 1.4 mm y 27.5 ± 1.6 mm de largo. Las presiones sistólicas ventriculares derechas en condición basal y de máxima elevación fueron: 25.5 ± 1.9 mm Hg vs 50.3 ± 6.9 mm Hg, p < 0.0001; las presiones sistólicas de la arteria pulmonar para estas mismas condiciones fueron: 24.7 ± 2 mm Hg vs 21.5 ± 6.9 mm Hg, p < 0.043; y el respectivo gradiente de ambas para estas presiones fueron: 0.8 ± 1.4 mm Hg vs 28.8 ± 4.2 mm Hg, p < 0.0001. Conclusiones: El DH permite el incremento agudo controlado de la presión sistólica del ventrículo derecho.
Different congenital or acquired diseases increase the right ventricular systolic pressure. The elevation is achieved by pulmonary artery banding with linen tape or hydraulic devices. We introduce a new hydraulic device to be used in experimental subjects of less than 15 kilograms. Methods: An experimental laboratory phase was conducted. In this phase, the hydraulic devices were tested against pressures as high as 80 mm Hg; later on the hydraulic devices were placed on the dogs' main pulmonary artery; the right ventricular systolic pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, and their differences were obtained. The values are expressed in average ± standard deviation. Results: The average weight of the dogs was 12.6 ± 2.2 kg. The average diameter found in the main pulmonary artery was 12.4 ± 1.4 mm and 27.5 ± 1.6 mm length. Right ventricular systolic pressure of basal condition to maximum pressure obtained was 25.5 ± 1.9 mm Hg vs 50.3 ± 6.9 mm Hg, p < 0.0001; pulmonary artery pressures under the same conditions were 24.7 ± 2 mm Hg vs 21.5 ± 6.9 mm Hg, p < 0.043; and the differences between them were 0.8 ± 1.4 mm Hg vs 28.8 ± 4.2 mm Hg, p < 0.0001, developed by the hydraulic device respectively. Conclusions: The hydraulic device allows attaining a controlled acute increase in right ventricular systolic pressure.
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Artéria Pulmonar/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/instrumentação , Desenho de Equipamento , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/métodos , Ligadura/instrumentação , Ligadura/métodosRESUMO
La embolia grasa describe la presencia de grasa en la circulación sanguínea, asociado o no al desarrollo de un síndrome clínico identificable por sus signos y síntomas. Puede ser secundaria a traumatismos, cirugía ortopédica, causas no traumáticas y al uso de sustancias y procedimientos con fines estéticos. Presentamos el caso clínico de una mujer que desarrolló el síndrome de embolia grasa después de la inyección de una sustancia oleosa en ambos glúteos, con fines estéticos. Hubo manifestaciones clínicas del aparato respiratorio, del sistema nervioso central y hematológicos. El diagnóstico fue establecido por los criterios clínicos de Gurd y Lindeque. La paciente presentó el síndrome de dificultad respiratoria del adulto por lo que requirió de ventilación mecánica. La evolución fue hacia la mejoría, y egresó del hospital con recuperación completa de sus funciones, que ha mantenido durante un año.
The term fat embolism refers to the presence of fat droplets in the circulation; patients can be asymptomatic or present with a full blown clinical syndrome. Fat embolism can develop after trauma, orthopedic surgery and cosmetic procedures. We present the case of a 15-year-old female that developed the fat embolism syndrome after a single intra-muscular injection in each buttock of an oily substance, for cosmetic reasons. The clinical picture was associated with respiratory failure, neurological impairment and blood abnormalities. The diagnosis was established according to the Gurd and Lindeque criteria. The patient developed the acute respiratory distress syndrome and required mechanical ventilation. The patient had a complete recovery and is without any sequelae after a one-year follow up.
RESUMO
El ensayo se realizó en la Estación Experimental de Piscicultura de Aguas Cálidas de la Universidad Nacionl Experimental del Táchira, Venezuela. El bjetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el desarrollo de alevines del híbrido cachamay (Colossoma x Piaractus) alimentados con raciones compuestas por dos tipos de pulpa de café ecológica ensilda: un tipo sin melaza (PCEE) y otro al cual se le añadió 5 por ciento de melaza (PCEEM). Cada tipo de pulpa de café se evaluó en tres niveles de inclusión; 10, 15 y 18 por ciento, junto con un tratamiento control (0 por ciento PCEE). El ensayo duró ochenta y cuatro días. Se evaluaron siete tratamientos, cada tratamiento se replicó 7 veces y cada replicación (jaula) estaba constituida por 5 peces. Las dietas fueron isoproteícas e isoenergéticas. Los resultados fueron evaludos bajo un diseño estadístico completamente aleatorio. La mejor tasa de crecimiento en peso y en longitud (P<0,05) fue para la dieta 18 por ciento PCEE con 0,53 g/d y 0,68 mm/d, respectivamente. El factor de conversión alimenticia (P<0,05) fue 2,7; 2,8 para las dietas 18 por ciento PCEE, 18 por ciento PCEEM y 15 por ciento PCEE, respectivamente. La mejor relación beneficio-costo la ofreció la dieta 18 por ciento PCEE con un valor de 1,42. Los resultados muestran que no hubo diferencias entre los dos tipos de pulpa utilizados, lo que indica que no es necesario añadir melaza al ensilado de pulpa de café. De todos los parámetros evaluados se concluye, quie la pulpa de café ecológica ensilada puede ser empleada hasta niveles de 18 por ciento en la alimentación de alevines del híbrido cachamay
Assuntos
Café , Análise de Alimentos , Crescimento , Silagem , VenezuelaRESUMO
El aparato respiratorio consiste básicamente de dos partes: un órgano de intercambio gaseoso (los pulmones) y una bomba que ventila los pulmones. La falla en el intercambio gaseoso debida a enfermedades pulmonares causa hipoxemia, mientras que la falla de la bomba (que también produce hipoxemia) lleva a la hipoventilación. Cuando los músculos respiratorios son incapaces de generar la fuerza suficiente para que provean una ventilación adecuada, se presenta la falla respiratoria y el trabajo respiratorio (WOB) debe ser parcial o totalmente asumido por el ventilador mecánico. En el curso de la falla respiratoria aguda la mayor parte del WOB corresponde al ventilador y esto permite que los músculos respiratorios descansen. Considerando que la actividad de los músculos respiratorios puede dificultar descontinuar la ventilación mecánica es esencial optimiraz el esfuerzo respiratorio del paciente. Por otra parte se ha considerado que el WOB es uno de los factores predictivos para el retiro del ventilador, particularmente en pacientes con ventilación mecánica prolongada; el WOB permite también el uso fisiológico y racional del descanso (parcial o total) de los músculos ventilatorios
Assuntos
Resistência das Vias Respiratórias , Diafragma/anatomia & histologia , Diafragma/irrigação sanguínea , Diafragma/fisiologia , Músculos Respiratórios/anatomia & histologia , Músculos Respiratórios/fisiologia , Respiração Artificial , Ventilação , Trabalho Respiratório/fisiologiaRESUMO
Muchos de los pacientes que los médicos aplican en el paciente en estado crítico no han demostrado su utilidad, en estudios clínicos controlados. Los estudios aleatorios y controlados reducen errores y sesgos, y disminuyen las probabilidades de encontrar resultados imprecisos. Desafortunadamente los estudios controlados y aleatorios no son perfectos, y es necesario recurrir a otro tipo de diseños. Recientemente algunos autores han sugerido que el catéter de la arteria pulmonar debe ser retirado de las unidades de cuidados intensivos debido a que incrementa 24 por ciento la mortalidad. En este artículo presentamos una revisión de los problemas actuales con el catéter de la arteria pulmonar y lo que se espera para 1997
Assuntos
Humanos , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Unidades de Terapia IntensivaRESUMO
Introducción. Los pacientes críticos requieren a menudo evaluación continua de la función cardiaca, ahora es posible hacerlo por procedimientos no invasivos. Pacientes y métodos. Hicimos un estudio prospectivo de siete pacientes en la UCI. Se les midió el gasto cardiaco simultáneamente con BET (BoMed NCCOM3-R7) y CDT. Resultados. Un total de 147 pares de gastos cardiacos simultáneos se estimaron por BET y TDC (GCtd, CObet). El COtd fue 6.18 L/min y el CObet 6.11 L/min (p=0.605). La correlación y el índice de regresión fueron: y = 4.13 + 0.32x, r = 0.48, r² = 0.23, p < 0.001. El error relativo (bias) fue 1.3 ñ 0.9 por ciento. Conclusión. La medición de CObet es satisfactoria en comparación con el COtd