Clinical evaluation of dengue and identification of risk factors for severe disease: protocol for a multicentre study in 8 countries.

BACKGROUND: The burden of dengue continues to increase globally, with an estimated 100 million clinically apparent infections occurring each year. Although most dengue infections are asymptomatic, patients can present with a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms ranging from mild febrile illness through to severe manifestations of bleeding, organ impairment, and hypovolaemic shock due to a systemic vascular leak syndrome. Clinical diagnosis of dengue and identification of which patients are likely to develop severe disease remain challenging. This study aims to improve diagnosis and clinical management through approaches designed a) to differentiate between dengue and other common febrile illness within 72 h of fever onset, and b) among patients with dengue to identify markers that are predictive of the likelihood of evolving to a more severe disease course. METHOD/DESIGN: This is a prospective multi-centre observational study aiming to enrol 7-8000 participants aged ≥ 5 years presenting with a febrile illness consistent with dengue to outpatient health facilities in 8 countries across Asia and Latin America. Patients presenting within 72 h of fever onset who do not exhibit signs of severe disease are eligible for the study. A broad range of clinical and laboratory parameters are assessed daily for up to 6 days during the acute illness, and also at a follow up visit 1 week later. DISCUSSION: Data from this large cohort of patients, enrolled early with undifferentiated fever, will be used to develop a practical diagnostic algorithm and a robust clinical case definition for dengue. Additionally, among patients with confirmed dengue we aim to identify simple clinical and laboratory parameters associated with progression to a more severe disease course. We will also investigate early virological and serological correlates of severe disease, and examine genetic associations in this large heterogeneous cohort. In addition the results will be used to assess the new World Health Organization classification scheme for dengue in practice, and to update the guidelines for "Integrated Management of Childhood Illness" used in dengue-endemic countries. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT01550016. Registration Date: March 7, 2012.

Medical hiring formats in the Family Health Strategy and the performance of their core attributes. / Formatos de contratação médica na Estratégia Saúde da Família e o desempenho de seus atributos essenciais.

The study aimed to investigate the perception of doctors about the different hiring methods and their influence on the performance of the PHC essential attributes to analyze the formats that best contribute to its implementation and strengthening. This is a quantitative, cross-sectional research using a semi-structured form with 268 doctors from the ESF in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. A unique sociodemographic profile was identified for each group evaluated, influencing the work process and opinions about hiring formats. The development of the essential PHC attributes was positively evaluated, but different perceptions were observed by professional hiring method assessed. The work performed by doctors in the ESF is influenced by how they are hired (p<0.001). Better performance of the statutory (4.4) was noted, followed by scholarship holders of the Mais Médicos Program/Primary Care Valorization Program (3.7), Consolidated Labor Laws (3.5), and, finally, those working with Self-Employed Payment Receipt (RPA) (2.4). We analyzed that hiring through the Brazilian Statutory Regime and RPA are, respectively, the best (85%) and the worst (96.6%) hiring formats.

O estudo tem o objetivo de investigar a percepção dos médicos sobre as diversas formas de contratação e sua influência sobre o desempenho dos atributos essenciais da APS, afim de analisar as formas de vínculo que melhor contribuem à sua implantação e fortalecimento. Pesquisa quantitativa e transversal, utilizando-se da aplicação de formulário semiestruturado junto a 268 médicos da ESF de Fortaleza, Ceará. Verificou-se perfil sociodemográfico singular para cada grupo avaliado, que podem influenciar o processo de trabalho e opiniões sobre as formas de contratação. O desenvolvimento dos atributos essenciais da APS foi avaliado positivamente, mas houve diferença nesta percepção de acordo com o vínculo avaliado. O trabalho realizado pelos médicos na ESF é influenciado pela forma de contratação destes (p<0,001). Percebeu-se melhor desempenho dos estatutários (4,4), seguidos dos bolsistas do Programa Mais Médicos/Programa de Valorização da Atenção Básica (3,7), Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (3,5) e, por último, os atuantes por Recibo de Pagamento Autônomo-RPA (2,4). Analisou-se que a contratação via Regime Estatutário e RPA, são, respectivamente, a melhor (85%) e a pior (96,6%) forma de contratação.

Formatos de contratação médica na estratégia saúde da família e o desempenho de seus atributos essenciais / Medical hiring formats in the family health strategy and the performance of their core attributes

Resumo O estudo tem o objetivo de investigar a percepção dos médicos sobre as diversas formas de contratação e sua influência sobre o desempenho dos atributos essenciais da APS, afim de analisar as formas de vínculo que melhor contribuem à sua implantação e fortalecimento. Pesquisa quantitativa e transversal, utilizando-se da aplicação de formulário semiestruturado junto a 268 médicos da ESF de Fortaleza, Ceará. Verificou-se perfil sociodemográfico singular para cada grupo avaliado, que podem influenciar o processo de trabalho e opiniões sobre as formas de contratação. O desenvolvimento dos atributos essenciais da APS foi avaliado positivamente, mas houve diferença nesta percepção de acordo com o vínculo avaliado. O trabalho realizado pelos médicos na ESF é influenciado pela forma de contratação destes (p<0,001). Percebeu-se melhor desempenho dos estatutários (4,4), seguidos dos bolsistas do Programa Mais Médicos/Programa de Valorização da Atenção Básica (3,7), Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (3,5) e, por último, os atuantes por Recibo de Pagamento Autônomo-RPA (2,4). Analisou-se que a contratação via Regime Estatutário e RPA, são, respectivamente, a melhor (85%) e a pior (96,6%) forma de contratação.

Abstract The study aimed to investigate the perception of doctors about the different hiring methods and their influence on the performance of the PHC essential attributes to analyze the formats that best contribute to its implementation and strengthening. This is a quantitative, cross-sectional research using a semi-structured form with 268 doctors from the ESF in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. A unique sociodemographic profile was identified for each group evaluated, influencing the work process and opinions about hiring formats. The development of the essential PHC attributes was positively evaluated, but different perceptions were observed by professional hiring method assessed. The work performed by doctors in the ESF is influenced by how they are hired (p<0.001). Better performance of the statutory (4.4) was noted, followed by scholarship holders of the Mais Médicos Program/Primary Care Valorization Program (3.7), Consolidated Labor Laws (3.5), and, finally, those working with Self-Employed Payment Receipt (RPA) (2.4). We analyzed that hiring through the Brazilian Statutory Regime and RPA are, respectively, the best (85%) and the worst (96.6%) hiring formats.

Organização do processo de trabalho no manejo da dengue em uma capital do Nordeste / Organization of the work process in the handling of dengue in a northeastern capital

Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever a organização do processo de trabalho na atenção primária como uma ferramenta de cuidado para os pacientes com suspeita de dengue. A situação de epidemias, em 2011 e 2012, impôs a execução do plano de contingência da dengue, elaborado de forma participativa com Equipes de Saúde da Família. As ações organizadas foram: qualificação dos profissionais, organização do serviço e monitoramento dos casos de dengue. A unidade atuou como a principal porta de entrada para a população. Foram notificados, respectivamente, 677 e 1081 casos em 2011 e 2012, sem o registro de óbitos. Implantar essas ferramentas no âmbito do serviço público constitui-se em um desafio.

This study aims to describe the organization of the work process in primary care as a care tool for patients with suspected dengue. The situation of epidemics in 2011 and 2012 imposed the execution of the dengue's contingency plan, elaborated in a participatory manner with Family Health Teams. The organized actions were: qualification of the professionals, service organization and monitoring of dengue cases. The unit served as the main gateway to the population. Were notified, respectively, 677 and 1081 cases in 2011 and 2012, without the register of deaths. Deploying these tools within the public service constitutes a challenge.