[International health and new forms of association: the Multipartite Dialogue and the Partners Forum]. / Salud internacional y nuevas formas de asociación: el Diálogo Multipartito y el Foro de Socios.

Two cooperative public health initiatives involving representatives of civil society, academia, and the public and private sectors of the Americas are described and analyzed. One of them-the Multipartite Dialogue-promotes an intersectoral approach in its broadest sense, and the other-the Partners Forum-while it represents an institutional initiative, pays particular attention to chronic noncommunicable diseases. Both are a call to action for governments and offer alternatives to tackle regional health problems more effectively.

[Emigrate or not? How would the next Spanish generation of physicians decide? A study on emigration-related reasons and motivations of advanced medical students in 11 Universities in Spain]. / ¿Migrar o no migrar? ¿Qué pasará con nuestra próxima generación de médicos? Estudio sobre causas y motivos en estudiantes avanzados de medicina en 11 universidades de España.

OBJECTIVES: To explore intentions, motivations and country preferences related with professional emigration in a sample of advanced medical students. DESIGN: Cross sectional and descriptive study. SETTING: 11 Universities in Spain. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 740 students in their two final courses. PRIMARY MEASUREMENTS: The survey used a self administered questionnaire asking about plans to emigrate, preferred destination countries and reasons for wishing to work abroad. RESULTS: A total of 740 valid questionnaires were collected, 711 (96%) from Spanish students and 26 (4%) from foreigner students. A preference to move abroad was indicated by 375 (51%) students, the most popular destinations being United Kingdom, USA, Canada and Portugal. The answers were classified using categories from "very important" to "not important". As a "very important" reason, "To work in a better health care system" was chosen by 276 students, "To continue with my medical education and training" by 160, "To work in an environment that allows me to progress" by 269, and "To earn a better salary" by 243 students. CONCLUSIONS: The study illustrates various motivational factors which of why medical students wish to move abroad in search of better professional conditions. The use of appropriate interventions could modify these attitudes. This study could be a starting point for exploring and analyzing the conditions of undergraduate medical students in Spain as a key to address the problem of medical emigration.

Attitudes toward the elderly among students of health care related studies at the University of Salamanca, Spain.

INTRODUCTION: This study uses a cross-sectional approach in terms of evaluating attitudes toward the elderly among health sciences students. The aim of this study was to measure attitudes among final year pregraduate students of seven health care careers. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted with final year students of medicine (M), occupational therapy (OT), physiotherapy (P), nursing (N), psychology (Ps), social work (Sw), and dentistry (D). The data was collected using the validated Spanish version of the questionnaire that uses the Aged Semantic Differential (ASD), a scale developed by Rosencrantz and colleagues. Additional information about sociodemographic characteristics of students was collected. RESULTS: A total of 472 valid questionnaires were collected; 54% of the students showed positive attitudes toward the elderly. Female students had more positive attitudes than male ones. The Ps and P students showed a high interest in choosing geriatrics as their speciality (36%), while only 16% of the medical students considered it among their career options. DISCUSSION: Pregraduate health care students' attitudes tend to be less positive concerning older people's capacity for self-determination. Therefore, it would be advisable to enhance continuous interaction among healthy aged people and students of the named specialities during their specific training. The fact that the N students had less positive attitudes toward the elderly, while they were also more likely to take action, and the fact that the Ps and Sw students had more positive attitudes might suggest a need to enhance and combine the approach to the care of the older people in nursing with the psychological and life course approaches.

Neglected lessons from the 2009 dengue epidemic in Argentina.

The article reflects on the impact of the 2009 dengue epidemic in Argentina, with 26,000 infected and six deaths. The impact could have been greatly reduced through dialogue between epidemiology and public health policy. Lack of preparation, poor coordination of the response and the impact on the population confirm the gap between scientific evidence and decision-making. Epidemiology and health policy have different priorities, different times and different values scales. The lessons of the 2009 epidemic should serve to improve collaboration between these two pillars of public health for the benefit of the community, which is ultimately the shared objective.