[Hygienic substantiation of application of functional dairy products in the prevention of macro- and micronutrient deficiency].

Based on the study of actual nutrition and availability of macroelements there was found that adult population of the city of Omsk was established to refer to the group at risk for the development of micronutrient deficiency associated with low content of a set of essential elements (copper, zinc, calcium, selenium) in the ration, being prior for correction.There was executed the hygienic substantiation developed the fermented acid milk bioproduct of a functional purpose "Bifidin" enriched with micronutrients, prior for the population of the Omsk region. Introduction of this bio-product into the ration allows to effectively correct disorders of the mineral status, that was manifested in a decline in the proportion of patients with insufficiency of calcium (from 37.9 to 24.1%; p = 0.013), copper (from 51.7 to 25.9%; p = 0.004), selenium (from 96.6 to 84.5%; p = 0.026), zinc (from 58.6 to 48.3% of the subjects; p = 0.264). Upon the completion of the prophylactic course (intake "Bifidin" of 200 ml for 60 days), there was noted the gain in the concentration in hair: calcium (by 24.4%; p=0.441), zinc (by 8.0%; p=0.0008), copper (by 8.8%; p < 0.001), selenium (by 41.5%; p < 0.001). There was established the efficacy of the use of bio-product "Bifidin" enriched with micronutrients for the improvement of the structure of nutrition and element status of the adult population of the city of Omsk. There was justified the extensive use of dairy products enriched with micronutrients both for the reduction of the prevalence of microelementoses and the improvement of the nutritional status.

[HYGIENIC SUBSTANTIATION OF THE PREVENTION OF NUTRITION ASSOCIATED ANEMIA WITH THE AID OF FORTIFIED FERMENTED MILK BIOPRODUCT].

The pilot controlled study proved the effectiveness of enriched fermented milk product "Prolacta" as means of the primary prevention of nutrition-associated anemia, firstly, at the stage of latent iron deficiency. The study included 166 adult residents of the city of Omsk. Among examined patiens there were 48 (30%) men and 118 (70%) women aged from 18 to 59 years (mean age: 29.2 ± 0.84 years). Experimental group (79 persons) over two months took 1 glass (200 ml) of bioproduct "Prolacta" daily. The control group (87 people) no received this product neither used supplements or other vitamins and minerals. The groups were matched by gender and age. As criteria for the deviation from the normal settings there were accepted following values: the concentration of hemoglobin (Hb)--less than 130 g/l in men and less than 120 g/l in women; serum iron level--less than 12.5 µmol/L, serum ferritin in men less than 95 µg/l, in women--less than 30 µg/l. The proportion of persons from the main study group with latent iron deficiency decreased from 41.8% to 25.3% (p < 0.05), the proportion of subjects with normal iron supply increased significantly (from 26.6 to 41.8%; p < 0.05). Regular consumption of fermented milk enriched with bio "Prolacta" as a means of preventing the deficiency of micronutrients and nutrition-related anemia in large extent is recommended to persons from groups at-risk (athletes, children and adolescents, and women of reproductive age). Preventive effects of this product are combined with the nutritional benefits of dairy products, its use improves the structure of nutrition of the population

[INFLUENCE OF THE REGULAR INTAKE OF FERMENTED MILK PRODUCTS ENRICHED BY MICRONUTRIENTS ON SOME INDICES OF IRON METABOLISM IN ADOLESCENTS INVOLVED IN SPORTS].

There was performed an experimental study of the influence of regular intake offermented milk enriched by products "Bifidin" and "Prolacta" on indices of iron metabolism in adolescents of 12-17 years, involved in sports (n = 94). In all study participants there was made double blood test (every 60 days), there were determined the levels of hemoglobin, serum iron, serum ferritin, C-reactive protein. The intervention in the main group (n = 68) was in daily intake offermented milk product in a volume of 200 ml (1 Cup) in addition to the normal diet within 2 months, including 35 cases who had used the bioproduct "Bifidin" and 33 persons- bioproduct "Prolacta". The control group was consisted of 26 persons from the adolescents engaged in the same sections, but not taking additional fermented milk drinks. The average values of all studied indices in adolescent athletes of the main and control groups before and after the intervention were consistent with reference values. Latent iron deficiency was detected in 23.4 ± 4.4% of adolescents involved in sports. At the second point of the research in two months of intake of enriched dairy products in the main group there was noticed the gain in levels of serum iron, ferritin, and the decline of the concentration of C-reactive protein. The results of the study allow us to consider enriched dairy products "Bifidin" and "Prolacta" as one of the components of complex measures of prophylaxis of hypovitaminosis and microelementoses in adolescents who are actively involved in sports.

[STUDY OF GLUTATHIONE AND ENZYMES OF ITS METABOLISM UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ENRICHED DAIRY PRODUCTS FOR PROPHYLACTIC USE IN CONDITIONS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS CAUSED BY EXCESSIVE EXERCISE].

There was performed the study of the activity of the antioxidant system of glutathione under regular taking of enriched with micronutrients dairy products "Bifidin " and "Prolacta" in conditions ofsimulation of xcessive exercise loads. Target of research: white outbred male rats weighing 180-200 g (n = 68). Research methods and equipment: information retrieval, biochemical, and statistical. In the subacute experiment there was established that in conditions of excessive exercise loads (CEEL) the body of the rat meets with significant oxidative stress, causing the suppression of the activity of glutathione system: the number of reduced glutathione and the activity of selenium-dependent glutathione-peroxidase decline. Regular taking of dairy products "Bifidin" and "Prolacta" in conditions of CEEL (active training process) allows effectively to neutralize lipid peroxidation processes and normalize indices of the system of glutathione. There is established an increase in the activity ofglutathione-S-transferase in the homogenates of liver tissue in the simulation CEEL in combination with the use ofproduct "Bifidin".

[HYGIENIC SUBSTANTIATION OF NUTRITIONAL PREVENTION OF HYPOVITAMINOSIS B9 AND B12 IN THE POPULATION OF THE OMSK REGION].

The aim of the study--the assessment of the prevalence of hypovitaminoses B9 (folic acid) and B12 in the population of the city of Omsk and the determination of the possibility of their nutritional prevention. The subject of study--the adult population (18-59 years). The actual nutrition was studied by method of analysis of the frequency of food consumption. Prevalence of hypovitaminoses B9 and B12 was estimated upon the results of laboratory tests of blood by immunochemiluminiscent methods. Established prevalence of hypovitaminoses B (folic acid) and B12 in the population of the city of Omsk accounted for 63.2 ± 5.8% and 13.2 ± 4.1%, respectively. There was shown the possibility of correction of supply with vitamins by means of regular taking offermented dairy product "Prolacta". The serum content of vitamin B12 after a 2-month course of daily use of the product was increased by 17.8%, and the serum folate content--by 29.1%. The proportion of cases with insufficient content ofvitamin B9 in the experimental group decreased from 80.0 ± 6.8% to 38.7 ± 8.7%.

Integral characteristic of the immune system state predicts breast cancer outcome.

The immune system dramatically contributes to the pathogenesis of cancer. An integral estimation of immune system state is considered to be perspective as a prognostic criterion for cancer. We hypothesize that the integral characteristic, uniting numerous parameters of immune response to tumor and presenting the state of the immune system of a cancer patient, may be of prognostic significance. The aim of this work was to verify this hypothesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have evaluated 17 parameters cha-racterizing key innate and adaptive arms of immune system in 146 patients with primary diagnosed local breast cancer (BC) before cancer treatment. Using the original integrative approach of NovoSpark Corporation (Canada), we have presented the state of the immune system by a single visual image for each patient. RESULTS: We classified all BC patients in two groups: with favorable and unfavorable immune system states according to our previous data demonstrating dramatic differences of the visual images of immune system states in patients with good or poor disease outcomes. Then, we have examined the relationship between integral characteristic of the immune system state and the clinical outcome. The 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) of BC patients with favorable immune system state was more than 96.0% vs 65.4% in patients with unfavorable status (p = 0.00006). Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the integral characteristic of immune system state assessed prior to cancer treatment as unfavorable, was predictive of the poorer DFS (HR = 15.70 [2.15-114.90], p = 0.0007). CONCLUSION: The integral characteristic of the immune system state is a significant prognostic factor in BC patients. The BC patients with favorable integral immune system state can be considered as a target group for immunotherapeutic approach.

[The production of IL-1, IL-3 and CSA by bone marrow nuclear elements during the recovery of bone marrow hematopoiesis after lethal irradiation and the transplantation of syngeneic bone marrow]. / Produktsiia kostno-mozgovymi nuklearami IL-1, IL-3 i KSA v protsesse vosstanovleniia kostno-mozgovogo krovetvoreniia posle letal'nogo oblucheniia i transplantatsii singennogo kostnogo mozga.

The production of haemopoietic factors (IL-1, IL-3, CSA) by adherent and nonadherent cells of lethally irradiated CBA mice bone marrow and after syngenic myelokaryocyte transplantation was studied. Radioresistant myelokaryocytes capable to produce haemopoietic factors IL-1, CSA as early as 24 hr after irradiation were found in adherent cell fraction. The synthesis of humoral factors (IL-3, CSA) by nonadherent bone marrow elements was realised in a late terms of experiment (3-6 days) that was connected with forming of functionally valuable cell forms from transplanted or viable stem cells.

[Changes in the cytostatic and cytotoxic activities of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in the surgical treatment of lung cancer patients]. / Izmenenie tsitostaticheskoi i tsitotoksicheskoi aktivnosti limfotsitov perifericheskoi krovi pri khirurgicheskom lechenii bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

Cytostatic and cytotoxic activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied in 30 cases of lung cancer. Enhanced cytostatic activity of lymphocytes was initially recorded. The level of natural antitumor resistance was maintained by means of neurovegetative inhibition used to prevent surgical stress.

[Neutrophil granulocyte function in patients with malignant neoplasms]. / Sostoianie neitrofil'nykh granulotsitov u bol'nykh so zlokachestvennymi novoobrazovaniiami.

The paper discusses the status of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) in untreated patients with stage III and IV lung and stomach cancer. Pronounced increase in peripheral blood neutrophil count was matched by decrease in the level of leukocyte cationic proteins. In vitro cytotoxic activity of PMN against K-562 cells was significantly higher in cancer patients, as compared to healthy controls, and unaccompanied by reaction of neutrophils to stimuli. NBT-test value variation range appeared wider in cancer patients than in controls.

[The interleukin-1 content of the blood in patients with a pseudotuberculosis infection and opisthorchiasis]. / Soderzhanie interleikina-1 v krovi bol'nykh psevdotuberkuleznoi infektsiei i opistorkhozom.

Interleukin-1 levels were measured according to S. B. Mizel in 25 patients with pseudotuberculosis and concomitant chronic opisthorchiasis and in 25 ones with pseudotuberculosis alone over the course of the disease and in 3 months after it. The controls were patients with chronic opisthorchiasis and normal subjects. Hyperproduction of interleukin-1 by peripheral blood monocytes was found in chronic opisthorchiasis patients and in pseudotuberculosis patients with concomitant opisthorchiasis over the entire follow-up period. In patients with pseudotuberculosis alone interleukin-1 production was found elevated only at the peak of the disease and during early convalescence, that was followed by a stable normalization of this characteristic.

[The mechanisms of the disordered regulation of hematopoiesis in the late periods after the administration of cytostatic preparations]. / Mekhanizmy narusheniia reguliatsii krovetvorenii v otdalennye sroki posle vvedeniia tsitostaticheskikh preparatov.

It was demonstrated on an experimental model of cytostatic disease induced by a course of injections (1/10 LD50 for 10 days) of antineoplastic agents with various mechanism of action (doxorubicin, vinblastine, cyclophosphamide) that persistent (for 6 months) disorganization of the morphological composition of the thymus and other lymphoid organs is attended by inhibition of the functional activity of the T-cells of the immunity system. It is suggested that the weakened control (on the part of the thymus) due to the effect of the cytostatics may lead to disorders of the processes of proliferation and differentiation of the hematopoietic cells and impairment of the bone marrow morphological composition in late-term periods after cytostatic treatment.

[Influence of mast cells on the regulatory mechanisms of hemopoietic bone marrow in inflammation]. / Vliianie tuchnykh kletok na kostnomozgovye mekhanizmy reguliatsii gemopoéza pri vospalenii.

Acute infectious peritonitis simulated in mice was used to show that previous osmotic deterioration of the abdominal mast cell population significantly influenced the function of hemopoiesis-inducing microenvironment (HIM). The earlier production of the colony-stimulating and erythropoietic activities by the non-adhesive myelokaryocytes and the decreased production of these activities by the adhesive cells have been established. The results obtained evidence that mast cells modulate HIM mediating their influence on hemopoiesis under natural conditions of inflammation.

[Blood system responses in inflammation and mechanisms of their development]. / Reaktsii sistemy krovi pri vospalenii i mekhanizmy ikh razvitiia.

A model of acute infectious peritonitis in mice demonstrated that the inflammation is attended by marked biphasic activation of bone-marrow granulomonocytopoiesis and that the activation is due in many respects to increased functional activity of elements forming the hemopoiesis-inducing microenvironment. This was suggested by increased colony-stimulating activity of the marrow mononuclear cells and the content of hemopoietic islets in the marrow. The colony-stimulating activity of peripheral blood also increased. It was established that inflammation is also characterized by activation of bone-marrow erythropoiesis, which is linked with increased erythropoietic activity of the hemopoiesis-inducing microenvironment and blood. There was a relation between the hemopoietic changes and the kinetics of leukocytes in the focus of inflammation.

Effect of allo- and xenotransplantation of embryonic nervous tissue and umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells on structural and functional state of cerebral cortex of albino rats in posttraumatic period.

Comparative study of the structural and functional state of cerebral cortex of adult albino rats after intracerebral allo- and xenotransplantation of embryonic nervous tissue and intravenous injection of umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells at different terms after diffuse-focal cerebral trauma revealed the best cerebroprotective effect on day 7 of posttraumatic period in animals receiving embryonic nervous tissue.

[Cytostatic effect of immune system cells on tumor cells]. / Tsitostaticheskoe deistvie kletok immunnoi sistemy na opukholevye kletki.

The cytostatic effect of different lymphoid cells on tumour cells was studied in mice. It was shown that the cells differed in their ability to manifest cytostatic and natural cytotoxic activity. The interstrain variations of cytostatic activity levels in murine splenocytes were revealed. The degree of cytostatic action of effector cells on tumour cells depended both on effector-target cells ratio and on the incubation time of effector and target cells. The cytostatic effect of splenocytes and macrophages was demonstrated to be unrestricted by H-2 complex and independent of the tumour type. The data suggest that the cytostatic effector cells are heterogeneous and may be distinct from natural killer cells.

[Effects of Rodiola extract on the cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells of the liver, spleen, lungs and small intestine in rats after partial hepatectomy]. / Vliianie ékstrakta rodioly na tsitotoksicheskuiu aktivnost' estestvennykh kletok-killerov pecheni, selezenki, legkikh, tonkogo kishechnika krys posle chastichnoi gepatéktomii.

In experiments on Wistar rats the cytotoxic activity of NK on the 1, 2, 10 days after partial hepatectomy (PH) and the application of Rodiola extract (RE) was studied. After 5 injections of RE the NK activity in gut increased by 112%, and after 12 ones (towards the end of experiment) by 222% in the spleen. The decreasing of this index in a first day after PH in lung, liver and gut was shown to restore in these tissues to the end of experiment. The absence of NK cytotoxicity diminishing just after PH in all the tissues was shown in operated animals, receiving RE and the decreasing of this index was found only in the lungs (by 335%).

[Reversible injuries of the natural killer cell membrane after contact with tumor cells]. / Issledovanie obratimogo povrezhdeniia membrany normal'nogo killera pri kontakte s opukholevoi kletkoi.

Injuries to the normal killer membrane were studied during contact with tumor cells on isolated tumor cell-lymphocyte conjugates. The properties of the lymphocyte membrane were shown to undergo changes in the area of contact with the tumor cell membrane, manifesting in the increased membrane permeability for ribonuclease molecules. This effect was more pronounced if lymphocytes were used, in which the synthesis of RNA was suppressed.