A high-fat diet can affect bone healing in growing rats.

A high-fat diet (HFD) can have a negative effect on bone quality in young and old people. Although bone healing in children is normally efficient, there is no evidence that children who have a diet rich in fat have compromised bone fracture regeneration compared with children with recommended dietary fat levels. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of an HFD on bone healing in growing female rats. Twenty-six postweaning female Wistar rats were divided into two groups (13 animals per group): a standard diet (SD) group and an HFD (with 60% of energy from fat) group. The rats received the assigned diets for 5 weeks, and in the third week they were submitted to an osteotomy procedure of the left tibia. Body mass and feed intake were recorded during the experiment. One day before euthanasia, an insulin tolerance test was performed. After euthanasia, the tibiae were removed and analyzed by densitometry, mechanical testing, histomorphometry, stereology and immunohistochemistry. An HFD caused an adaptive response to maintain energetic balance by decreasing feed intake and causing insulin insensitivity. There was no change in bone mineral density, collagen amount and immunostaining for bone formation, but maximal load and stiffness were decreased in the HFD group. In addition, bone volume had a tendency to be higher in the SD group than in the HFD group. Compared with rats receiving an SD, growing rats receiving an HFD for 5 weeks had similar bone mineral density but altered mechanical properties at the osteotomy defect site.

Modalidades Terapêuticas Alteram Limiar de Dor à Pressão de Indivíduos com PontosGatilho Miofasciais / Therapeutic Modalities Change Pressure Pain Threshold in Individuals with Myofascial Trigger Points

A fisioterapia dispõe de vários métodos analgésicos, entre eles a estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea (TENS) e o infravermelho terapêutico (IV), porém há dúvidas em relação a qual possua maior efeito e seja mais duradouro. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o limiar de dor à pressão em indivíduos com ponto gatilho na região de músculo trapézio superior, tratados com recursos eletro e fototerapêuticos. Trinta indivíduos, que apresentavam ponto gatilho ativo na região do trapézio superior, foram randomizados em dois grupos: grupo tratado com TENS (GT) e grupo tratado com infravermelho (GIV). Para avaliar o limiar da dor à pressão foi utilizado um algômetro de pressão, ambos aplicados antes do tratamento, após 30 minutos, 24 e 48 horas; além disso, utilizou-se a escala visual analógica da dor. Para análise estatística foram utilizados testes específicos: teste t não pareado (para comparação entre grupos) e T-student pareado (para comparações intraperíodos), sendo adotado nível de significância de 5%. Observou-se que entre as modalidades terapêuticas estudadas, tanto a TENS quanto o infravermelho apresentaram aumento do limiar de dor à pressão logo após (30 minutos) da aplicação, porém o infravermelho apresentou uma manutenção da analgesia superior a TENS, quando analisado o limiar de dor à pressão.(AU)

Physiotherapy has several analgesic methods, including transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and therapeutic infrared (IR), but there are doubts as to which has greater effect and is more durable. The aim of this study was to analyze the pressure pain threshold in individuals with trigger points in the upper trapezius muscle region treated with electro and phototherapeutic resources. Thirty (30) individuals with active trigger points in the upper trapezius region, were randomized into two groups: TENS (GT) and infrared (GIV) treated groups. To evaluate the pressure pain threshold, a pressure algometer was used, both applied before the treatment, after 30 minutes, 24 and 48 hours. In addition, the visual analogue pain scale was used. For statistical analysis, specific tests were used: unpaired t-test (for comparison between groups) and paired T-student (for intraperiod comparisons), adopting a significance level of 5%. It was observed that between the therapeutic modalities studied, both the TENS and the infrared presented increase of the pressure pain threshold rigth after (30 minutes) the application; however, the infrared presented a maintenance of the analgesia superior to TENS when analyzing the pressure pain threshold.

Avaliação Antropométrica e das Funções Psicomotoras em Crianças de Quatro a Oito Anos / Anthropometric and Psychomotor Functions Evaluation in Children Aged Four to Eight Years Old

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as medidas antropométricas e as funções psicomotoras (de noção corporal, equilíbrio e dominância lateral) em crianças entre 4 e 8 anos de idade, observando as possíveis alterações decorrentes do desenvolvimento normal. Para tal, a população foi constituída de 146 crianças do gênero masculino e feminino, com idade de 4 a 8 anos, que frequentavam uma instituição de ensino localizada no município de São José do Rio Pardo/SP. A avaliação foi constituída de três itens da Bateria Psicomotora de Vitor da Fonseca: equilíbrio, lateralidade e noção corporal. Solicitou-se que cada criança fizesse brincadeiras aplicadas por um fisioterapeuta que anotava suas habilidades. Os dados foram coletados entre o primeiro e o segundo semestre de 2013. Estes foram analisados estatisticamente por meio de testes e software apropriados, com significância de 5%. Conclui-se que na faixa etária dos 4 aos 8 anos não há diferença entre os gêneros feminino e masculino na relação antropométrica e habilidades analisadas. Pode-se observar, também, maior peso e altura a partir de 6 anos, assim como evolução da lateralidade e noção corporal nas crianças acima de 7 anos, e melhor desempenho de equilíbrio a partir dos 5 anos de idade.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the anthropometric measures and psychomotor functions (body sense, balance and lateral dominance) in children aged 4 to 8 years-old, watching the possible alterations in the normal development. For this, the population consisted of 146 children, male and female, aged 4 to 8 years, who attended an educational institution located in the municipality of Sao Jose do Rio Pardo/SP. The evaluation consisted of three items of the Psychomotor Battery of Vitor da Fonseca: balance, laterality and body notion. It was requested to each child to make jokes applied by a physiotherapist who registered their skills. Data were collected between the first and second half of 2013. These were statistically analyzed by appropriate tests and software, with 5% significance. It was concluded that among the age of 4 to 8 years-old there is no difference between females and males in anthropometric relationship and the skills analyzed. It can be also observed that higher weight and height over 6-years as well as evolution of laterality and body notion in children over 7 years-old, and better balance performance from the age of 5 years-old.