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Introduction: Tyrosine kinase inhibition of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the standard in the first line treatment of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harbouring EGFR activating mutations. Here we aim to discern efficacy and toxicity measures through a meta-analysis of published studies that could aid treatment selection. Materials And Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of the main randomized clinical trials evaluating the currently approved EGFR-TKIs in first-line of treatment of EGFR-positive advanced NSCLC. Cochrane guidelines were used for statistical analysis. Results: 3,179 patients were included. All EGFR TKIs showed improved outcomes with respect to ORR and PFS when compared to standard platinum-doublet chemotherapy. Comparative ORR for gefitinib, erlotinib and afatinib were 52.1%, 67.3% and 61.6% respectively. HRs for PFS were 0.62 (95% CI, 0.38-1.00) for gefitinib, 0.28 (95% CI, 0.17-0.45) for erlotinib and 0.40 (95% CI, 0.20-0.83) for afatinib. HRs for OS were not statistically significant for any agent. Conclusions: Our results suggest similar clinical efficacy and higher toxicity of Afatinib treatment. As this still remains the agent with best CSF penetration, we suggest its use is limited to patients presenting with brain metastasis. We suggest the use of Gefitinib in patients without CNS involvement. Faced with the impossibility to dose-reduce Gefitinib, Erlotinib represents a tolerable and effective alternative to Afatinib and Gefitinib if response to EGFR inhibition is considered still effective.
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ABSTRACT: Type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis is a cause of chronic pancreatitis related to the systemic disease known as IgG4-related Sclerosing Disease. Case report: We report the case of a 64-year-old male patient who presented recurrentepigastric pain radiating to the back, associated with jaundice, xerostomia, nausea, and vomiting, since 2014, diagnosed two years later with an unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The diagnosis was questioned after a few follow-up months without clinical deterioration when it was suggested the possibility of type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis in its pseudotumoral form. The patient was then treated with glucocorticoids, obtaining significantclinical improvement. After two years of follow-up, he returned asymptomatic with images suggestive of sclerosingcholangitis and a large liver abscess. Importance of the issue: The present case denotes the difficulty found in this diagnosis due to clinical and radiological resemblances with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Besides that, it presents a seldom described disease complication, the liver abscess. (AU)
RESUMO: A pancreatite autoimune tipo 1 é uma causa de pancreatite crônica relacionada à doença sistêmica conhecida como Doença Esclerosante relacionada à IgG4. Relato do caso: Relatamos o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino,64 anos, que apresentou quadros recorrentes de dor epigástrica com irradiação para as costas, associada com icterícia, xerostomia, náuseas e vômitos desde 2014, diagnosticado após 2 anos com adenocarcinoma pancreático irressecável. O diagnóstico foi questionado após alguns meses de acompanhamento sem deterioração clínica, quando aventaram a possibilidade de forma pseudotumoral da pancreatite autoimune tipo 1. Realizou tratamento com glicocorticoides, obtendo melhora clínica importante. Após dois anos de acompanhamento, retorna assintomático com imagens sugestivas de colangite esclerosante e volumoso abscesso hepático. Importância do problema: O presente caso denota uma dificuldade encontrada no diagnóstico dessa entidade devido a semelhanças clínico-radiológicas com o adenocarcinoma pancreático. Além disso, apresenta uma complicação pouco descrita da doença, o abscesso hepático. (AU)