TCF7L2 Polymorphism rs7903146 (C/T) and Gestational Diabetes Influence on Obstetric Outcome: A Romanian Case-Control Study.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most frequent predictors of obstetric outcome among Romanian pregnant women. Thus, we aimed to investigate the role of rs7903146 (C/T) TCF7L2 gene polymorphism in the presence of GDM and to evaluate the influence on maternal-fetal outcomes in a cohort of pregnant women from Northern Transylvania. Our prospective case-control study was performed in a tertiary maternity center on 61 patients diagnosed with GDM and 55 normal pregnant patients. The patients were genotyped for rs7903146 (C/T) polymorphism of the TCF7L2 gene using the PCR-RFLP method between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. The minor T allele was associated with a high risk of developing GDM (OR 1.71 [95% CI 0.82-3.59]) if both heterozygote and homozygote types were considered. Also, a higher risk of developing GDM was observed in homozygous carriers (OR 3.26 [95% CI 1.10-9.68]). Women with the TT genotype were more likely to require insulin therapy during pregnancy than other genotypes with a 5.67-fold increased risk ([1.61-19.97], p = 0.015). TT homozygote type was significantly associated with fetal macrosomia for birth weights greater than the 95th percentile (p = 0.034). The homozygous TT genotype is associated with an increased risk of developing GDM. Also, rs7903146 (C/T) TCF7L2 variant is accompanied by a high probability of developing insulin-dependent gestational diabetes mellitus (ID-GDM). The presence of at least one minor T allele was associated with a higher risk of fetal macrosomia.

Injectable platelet-rich fibrin influences the behavior of gingival mesenchymal stem cells.

In this study, we examined the effects of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (iPRF) on proliferation and osteodifferentiation in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from human gingiva. Gingival MSCs (gMSCs) were grown in experimental culture media with different concentrations of iPRF [5%, 10%, and replacement of fetal calf serum (FCS) in the standard media with 10% iPRF-10% iPRF-FCS]. Immunophenotyping of gMSCs was performed after seven days by flow cytometry, and their proliferation was examined after three and seven days using the Cell Counting Kit-8 method. After 14 days in culture, spontaneous osteogenic differentiation of gMSCs was evaluated via real-time polymerase chain reaction. All gMSCs were positive for cluster of differentiation (CD) 105, CD73, CD90, and CD44, and negative for CD34∕45, CD14, CD79a, and human leukocyte antigen, DR isotype (HLA-DR). Reduced expression of some surface antigens was observed in the gMSCs grown in 10% iPRF-FCS medium compared to the other groups. After three days, gMSCs grown in 10% iPRF had proliferated significantly less than the other groups. After seven days, proliferation was significantly higher in the 5% iPRF cells compared to the control, while proliferation in the 10% iPRF and 10% iPRF-FCS groups was significantly lower. No spontaneous osteogenic differentiation was observed in the presence of iPRF, as observed by low runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) expression. Some expression of secreted protein acidic and cysteine rich (SPARC) and collagen 1 alpha (COL1A) was observed for all the gMSCs regardless of the culture medium composition. gMSCs grown in 10% iPRF had significantly lower SPARC expression. In conclusion, 5% iPRF stimulated gMSC proliferation, and an excessively high concentration of iPRF can impair osteogenic induction.