Outcomes of Diced Cartilage Dorsal Augmentation in Dorsal Aesthetic Deformities.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of diced cartilage graft for dorsal augmentation in rhinoplasty. Methods: In a retrospective study, patients who underwent rhinoplasty with dorsal augmentation using diced cartilage graft from June 2017 to December 2021 were identified. Patients with complete preoperative and at least one postoperative Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey-Cosmesis (SCHNOS-C) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were included in the study. Postoperative periods were classified into ≤6 and >6 months. Mean preoperative outcome scores were compared with postoperative scores utilizing a Paired t-test, and postoperative scores were compared utilizing a Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results: A total of 71 patients with a median age of 36 years, range (18-74) fit inclusion criteria. Majority were female patients 49 (69%). The postoperative period ranged from 17 days to 3.5 years. The mean follow-up period (standard deviation) for ≤6 and >6 months was 2.8 (1.5) and 14.2 (6.3) months, respectively. A decrease in mean SCHNOS-C, SCHNOS item 8, and an increase in VAS scores (p < 0.0001) were seen at both postoperative time periods compared with preoperative levels. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that dorsal augmentation with diced cartilage graft is an effective technique in correcting dorsal aesthetic deformities.

Abdominal Transplant Surgeons: The Lack of Female Surgeons and People From Underrepresented Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups in Academic and Clinical Leadership.

OBJECTIVES: The demographic disparities among surgeons in academic leadership positions is well documented. We aimed to characterize the present demographic details of abdominal transplant surgeons who have achieved academic and clinical leadership positions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the 2022-2023 American Society of Transplant Surgeons membership registry to identify 1007 active abdominal transplant surgeons. Demographic details (academic and clinical titles) were collected and analyzed using the chi-square test, the Fisher exact test, and t tests. Multinomial logistic regressions were conducted. RESULTS: Female surgeons (P < .001) and surgeons from racial-ethnic minorities (P = .027) were more likely to be assistants or associates rather than full professors. White male surgeons were more likely to be full professors than were White female (P < .001), Asian female (P = .008), and Asian male surgeons (P = .005). There were no Black female surgeons who were full professors. The frequency of full professorship increased with surgeon age (P < .001). Male surgeons were more likely to hold no academic titles (P < .001). Female surgeons were less likely to be chief of transplant(P = .025), chief of livertransplant (P = .001), chief of pancreas transplant (P = .037), or chair of surgery (P = .087, significance at 10%). Chief of kidney transplant was the most common clinical position held by a surgeon from a racial or ethnic minority group. Female surgeons were more likely to hold no clinical titles (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: The underrepresentation of women and people from racial and ethnic minority groups in academic and clinical leadership positions in the field of abdominal transplant surgery remains evident. White male physicians are more likely to obtain full professorship, and they comprise most of the clinical leadership positions overall. A continued push for representative leadership is needed.

Estimation of surgeons' ergonomic dynamics with a structured light system during endoscopic surgery.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to use motion capture to collect body posture information during simulated endoscopic sinus surgery interventions performed by both specialists and residents in standing and sitting positions and to analyze that information with the validated Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) tool, which allows calculation of a risk index of musculoskeletal overload. METHODS: Bilateral endoscopic sinus surgery was performed in 5 cadaver heads by 2 residents, and 4 practicing rhinologists. Musculoskeletal symptoms were evaluated before and after the dissection. Full-body postural data were collected with the help of Kinect and a .NET WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation) software application to record images of the surgical procedures, and then analyzed with the RULA tool to calculate a risk score indicative of the exposure of the individual surgeon to ergonomic risk factors associated with upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders. RESULTS: All subjects reported physical discomfort after nasal endoscopic procedures. An overall similar RULA score was obtained by the residents and the practicing rhinologists. The RULA score was slightly lower for the sitting position than for the standing position, mostly due to a lower score in group B (neck, trunk, and leg); however, the RULA score for group A (arm and wrist analysis) was higher, denoting a higher risk for the upper back and arms. CONCLUSION: Significant musculoskeletal symptoms were reported after an endoscopic operation by both the resident and the practicing otolaryngologists. All surgeons obtained a high RULA score, meaning that urgent changes are required in the task.

Caracterización clínico-epidemiológica de la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 en edad pediátrica en San Pedro Sula, Honduras / Risk factors for severe dengue mortality in pediatric patients at Mario Catarino Rivas

Antecedentes: El 31 de diciembre de 2019, Chi-na comunicó un reporte de casos de neumonía de etiología desconocida. El 11 de febrero de 2020, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) de-nominó a la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019: COVID-19.(1) En América Latina el primer caso se confirmó el 25 de febrero de 2020 en Brasil.(2) En Honduras se confirmaron los dos primeros casos de COVID-19 el 10 de marzo,(3) y el primer caso en edad pediátrica en San Pedro Sula (S.P.S.) se confirmó el 25 de marzo de 2020.(4)Objetivo: Caracterizar clínica y epidemiológicamente la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 en la edad pediátrica en S.P.S., Honduras. Pacientes y mé-todos: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, y trans-versal. Se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico de 415 pacientes en edad pediátrica (IC 95%) a quienes se les realizó una prueba de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real (PCR-tr). Las variables estudiadas fueron: sociodemográ-ficas, curso de la enfermedad, manifestaciones clínicas, factores de riesgo, manejo del pacien-te, condición actual del paciente y distribución según el establecimiento de salud notificante. La información recolectada fue ingresada en una base de datos y analizada en Microsoft Ex-cel. Resultados: 170 (40.96%) pacientes en edad pediátrica resultaron positivos. El grupo etáreo más afectado fueron los adolescentes (54.71%). El curso de la enfermedad fue sintomático en 124 pacientes. El síntoma que más frecuentemente se reportó fue fiebre (37.10%). A la fecha de finalización del estudio, 152 con-tinuaban activos con COVID-19. Conclusiones: Este estudio resume las principales característi-cas clínicas y epidemiológicas de la COVID-19 en niños y adolescentes de S.P.S...(AU)