RESUMO
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) is not only a nutrient-rich vegetable but also an important medicinal herb. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were employed to investigate the genetic diversity and differentiation of 24 okra genotypes. In this study, the PCR products were separated by electrophoresis on 8% nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel and visualized by silver staining. The 22 ISSR primers produced 289 amplified DNA fragments, and 145 (50%) fragments were polymorphic. The 289 markers were used to construct the dendrogram based on the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) cluster analysis. The dendrogram indicated that 24 okras were clustered into 4 geographically distinct groups. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.531929, which showed that the majority of primers were informative. The high values of allele frequency, genetic diversity, and heterozygosity showed that primer-sample combinations produced measurable fragments. The mean distances ranged from 0.045455 to 0.454545. The dendrogram indicated that the ISSR markers succeeded in distinguishing most of the 24 varieties in relation to their genetic backgrounds and geographical origins.
Assuntos
Abelmoschus/genética , Variação Genética , Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Biomarcadores , Genótipo , Humanos , FilogeografiaRESUMO
Recurrent ovarian cancer with long-term survival is uncommon and often associated with poor prognosis. We report three cases of patients with advanced ovarian cancer who have achieved long-term disease-free survival following a single prior relapse. Case 1 relapsed with a localized bulky tumor and received a complete surgical resection and chemotherapy. Case 2 had a persistent central pelvic tumor after debulking surgery and second-line chemotherapy, and yet achieved excellent control with concurrent chemoradiation to the true pelvis. Case 3 relapsed with paraaortic lymph node metastasis and probable lung metastasis (subsequently negated by positron emission tomography) and received chemotherapy alone. These three patients have since remained disease-free for 13, 12, and seven years, respectively, since their first relapse. We conclude that select patients can obtain long-term disease-free survival after the first relapse by accurate restaging and aggressive multimodality treatment.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma de Células Claras/terapia , Carcinoma Endometrioide/terapia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/terapia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/patologia , Neoplasias Ovarianas/terapia , Adenocarcinoma de Células Claras/secundário , Idoso , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Carcinoma Endometrioide/secundário , Terapia Combinada , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Histerectomia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Ovariectomia , Radioterapia , Salpingectomia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the first leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Taiwan. This study aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of first-line targeted therapy for advanced epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive non-squamous NSCLC in Taiwan. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a real-world, retrospective, observational study of patients diagnosed with advanced non-squamous NSCLC (N=63,248). Between 2011 and 2019, 19,458 patients received targeted therapy and 22,994 patients received chemotherapy alone; between 2002 and 2010, 20,796 patients received chemotherapy alone. Overall survival (OS) was determined. RESULTS: The median OS for patients treated with first-line targeted therapy (22.9 months) was longer than that of patients receiving chemotherapy alone (11.7 months). HR: 0.521, log-rank test, p<0.001. CONCLUSIONS: These data represent the potential survival outcomes of Taiwanese patients with advanced EGFR mutation-positive non-squamous NSCLC in clinical practice.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/genética , Estudos de Coortes , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Estudos Retrospectivos , Receptores ErbB/genética , Receptores ErbB/uso terapêutico , Mutação , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
AIMS: This study investigated the effects of indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a compound from cruciferous vegetables, on various parameters related to obesity, in particular, the parameters of infiltration by macrophages and of inflammatory cytokines expressed during the co-culture of adipocytes and macrophages. METHODS: Male C57BL/6 mice were fed with a control diet (C group), high-fat diet (HF group) and HF+5 mg kg(-1) I3C (HFI group). The I3C was intraperitoneally injected (HFI group) for 12 weeks. Epididymal adipose tissue (AT) was collected and stained for F4/80, a marker of macrophages. RESULTS: The immunohistochemical staining for F4/80 indicated a greater presence of macrophages in the HF group than in AT from the control and HFI groups. Furthermore, I3C treatment, in an in vitro cell culture system, decreased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), decreased nitrite content and enhanced expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-γ). Moreover, in vitro cell culture studies revealed that I3C inhibited intracellular lipid accumulation in hypertrophied adipocytes. In macrophage and primary adipocyte co-culture, I3C inhibited expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6). CONCLUSIONS: In vivo treatment with I3C reduced the infiltration of macrophages in AT, and in vitro addition of I3C to co-cultured macrophages and adipocytes reduced nitrite production and IL-6 expression. With cultures of adipocytes only, I3C inhibited accumulation of intracellular lipid, either by disrupting differentiation, or by directly inhibiting triglyceride synthesis.
Assuntos
Adipócitos/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Fármacos Antiobesidade/farmacologia , Indóis/farmacologia , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Nitritos/metabolismo , Obesidade/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Adipócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Tecido Adiposo/efeitos dos fármacos , Tecido Adiposo/patologia , Animais , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Técnicas de Cocultura , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Imuno-Histoquímica , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Tamanho do Órgão/efeitos dos fármacos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase ReversaRESUMO
The prognosis of recurrent endometrial carcinoma is generally poor except for isolated vaginal or pelvic relapse without previous radiation. Recurrences associated with infield failure or distant metastasis carry a poor prognosis. We report a case of recurrent endometrial carcinoma treated with cytoreductive surgery, targeted radiation to lung metastasis defined by CT and PET and adjuvant chemo-hormone therapy followed by maintenance progestin therapy with a good outcome. This case implied that chemo-hormone therapy with targeted radiation should be evaluated in recurrent endometrial cancer with positive progesterone receptor for salvage treatment.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Abdominais/terapia , Carcinoma/terapia , Neoplasias do Endométrio/terapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/terapia , Terapia de Salvação , Neoplasias Abdominais/secundário , Carcinoma/secundário , Neoplasias do Endométrio/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundário , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: We analyzed real-world data to elucidate the effects of anti-Hepatitis C virus (HCV) direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy on survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and concomitant HCV infection treated with sorafenib. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This population-based retrospective cohort study used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database and the Registration System for Patients Treated with Oral Hepatitis C Antivirals to identify patients with advanced HCC and concomitant HCV infection who received initial targeted therapy (sorafenib) in 2018-2019. The overall survival (OS) of the DAA and non-DAA groups were compared using the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Propensity score matching was performed using a ratio of 1:4 to reduce confounding between the DAA and non-DAA groups. RESULTS: The study included 1,684 patients (122 DAA and 1,562 non-DAA users) with HCC and concomitant HCV infection who used sorafenib for the first time in 2018-2019. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that advanced HCC patients who used DAAs had longer OS compared to non-DAA patients. The mean survival times were 20.7 months for DAA and 12.5 months for non-DAA. Results obtained after propensity matching indicated a significant difference in OS between the DAA and non-DAA groups. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of big data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database revealed that advanced HCC patients on sorafenib benefited from DAAs as a treatment for HCV infection. Patients whose HCV infection was cured had better OS.
Assuntos
Antivirais/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Hepatite C Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sorafenibe/administração & dosagem , Taxa de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a major advance in cancer treatment, but their payment benefits are unclear, resulting in financial risk. In Taiwan, the National Health Insurance Administration (NHIA) has adapted risk-sharing mechanisms to cover ICIs by collecting and assessing real-world evidence, such as case registration data, to adjust benefit packages for each medication, increase payment benefits of ICIs, and enable national health insurance sustainability. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This nationwide, multicenter, retrospective cohort study assessed the real-world use, effectiveness, and safety of ICIs reimbursed by the NHIA for treating multiple advanced cancers in Taiwan. We obtained data mainly from the NHIA Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Registry Database. RESULTS: Between April 1, 2019, and March 31, 2020, 1644 patients received at least one dose of ICIs. The overall response rate (RR) was 29.1%. The metastatic urothelial carcinoma of patients ineligible for chemotherapy showed the highest RR. The estimated median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI]=2.7-3 months), and renal cell carcinoma showed the longest PFS. The median PFS was reached in patients with most cancers except classic Hodgkin's lymphoma, which had a small sample size. The estimated survival probability was 50%. CONCLUSIONS: Under the national registration tracking system, Taiwan's high-cost drug policy has enabled access to new medicines and maximized patient benefits.
Assuntos
Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Bases de Dados Factuais , Feminino , Humanos , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/efeitos adversos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Programas Nacionais de Saúde , Neoplasias/mortalidade , Nivolumabe/efeitos adversos , Nivolumabe/uso terapêutico , Sistema de Registros , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taiwan , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
A quadruple-bend achromatic (QBA) cell, defined as a supercell made of two double-bend cells with different outer and inner dipole bend angles, is found to provide a factor of 2 in lowering the beam emittance relative to the more conventional double-bend achromat. The ratio of bending angles of the inner dipoles to that of the outer dipoles is numerically found to be about 1.5-1.6 for an optimal low beam emittance in the isomagnetic condition. The QBA lattice provides an advantage over the double-bend achromat or the double-bend nonachromat in performance by providing a small natural beam emittance and some zero-dispersion straight sections. A lattice with 12 QBA cells and a preliminary dynamic aperture study serves as an example.
Assuntos
Desenho Assistido por Computador , Síncrotrons/instrumentação , Transdutores , Transferência de Energia , Desenho de Equipamento , Análise de Falha de Equipamento , Doses de Radiação , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Espalhamento de Radiação , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Pigeon liver malic enzyme was inactivated and cleaved at Asp141, Asp194, and Asp464 by the Cu2+-ascorbate system in acidic environment. Site-specific mutagenesis was performed at these putative metal-binding sites. Three point mutants, D141N, D194N, and D464N; three double mutants, D(141,194)N, D(194,464)N, and D(141,464)N; and a triple mutant, D(141,194,464)N; as well as the wild-type malic enzyme (WT) were successfully cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli cells. All recombinant enzymes, except the triple mutant, were purified to apparent homogeneity by successive Q-Sepharose and adenosine-2',5'-bisphosphate-agarose columns. The mutants showed similar apparent Km,NADP values to that of the WT. The Km,Mal value was increased in the D141N and D194N mutants. The Km,Mn value, on the other hand, was increased only in the D141N mutant by 14-fold, corresponding to approximately 1.6 kcal/mol for the Asp141-Mn2+ binding energy. Substrate inhibition by L-malate was only observed in WT, D464N, and D(141,464)N. Initial velocity experiments were performed to derive the various kinetic parameters. The possible interactions between Asp141, Asp194, and Asp464 were analyzed by the double-mutation cycles and triple-mutation box. There are synergistic weakening interactions between Asp141 and Asp194 in the metal binding that impel the D(141,194)N double mutant to an overall specificity constant [k(cat)/(Kd,Mn Km,Mal Km,NADP)] at least four orders of magnitude smaller than the WT value. This difference corresponds to an increase of 6.38 kcal/mol energy barrier for the catalytic efficiency. Mutation at Asp464, on the other hand, has partial additivity on the mutations at Asp141 and Asp194. The overall specificity constants for the double mutants D(194,464)N and D(141,464)N or the triple mutant D(141,194,464)N were decreased by only 10- to 100-fold compared to the WT. These results strongly suggest the involvement of Asp141 in the Mn2+-L-malate binding for the pigeon liver malic enzyme. The Asp194 and Asp464, which may be oxidized by nonspecific binding of Cu2+, are involved in the Mn2+-L-malate binding or catalysis indirectly by modulating the binding affinity of Asp141 with the Mn2+.
Assuntos
Malato Desidrogenase/química , Malato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Animais , Ácido Aspártico/química , Sequência de Bases , Sítios de Ligação/genética , Columbidae , Primers do DNA/genética , Dimerização , Escherichia coli/genética , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Cinética , Fígado/enzimologia , Malato Desidrogenase/genética , Malatos/metabolismo , Manganês/metabolismo , Modelos Moleculares , Mutagênese Sítio-Dirigida , Estrutura Quaternária de Proteína , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , TermodinâmicaRESUMO
We have previously demonstrated that integrin-associated protein is involved in memory consolidation of one-way inhibitory avoidance learning in rats and mice. In the present study, we examined the effects of functional blocking of integrin-associated protein on memory retention, long-term potentiation and glutamate release in mice as well as on cell attachment to extracellular matrix protein in primary cultures. The results indicated that integrin-associated protein monoclonal antibody miap301, when directly injected into the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus at moderate doses, significantly impairs memory retention in mice in the same one-way inhibitory avoidance task and decreases the amplitude of tetanic stimulation-induced long-term potentiation in dentate gyrus neurons. At a dose that effectively impairs both memory retention and long-term potentiation, integrin-associated protein monoclonal antibody also significantly blocks potassium chloride-induced glutamate release from the hippocampus in vivo. Results from western blot confirmed the presence of integrin-associated protein at the synaptic area. Cell adhesion experiments further revealed that integrin-associated protein monoclonal antibody markedly inhibits granular cell attachment to thrombospondin, the extracellular matrix protein known to bind integrin-associated protein, but not to collagen and laminin, the extracellular matrix proteins known to bind integrin. From these results we suggest that integrin-associated protein monoclonal antibody may impair synaptic plasticity and behavioral plasticity in mice through blockade of granular cell attachment to extracellular matrix protein and the subsequent signal transduction, and through inhibition of glutamate release from the hippocampus.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Transporte/antagonistas & inibidores , Ácido Glutâmico/metabolismo , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Retenção Psicológica/fisiologia , Animais , Anticorpos Monoclonais/administração & dosagem , Antígenos CD/metabolismo , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Western Blotting , Antígeno CD47 , Proteínas de Transporte/metabolismo , Adesão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Colágeno/metabolismo , Giro Denteado/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ácido Glutâmico/análise , Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Laminina/metabolismo , Potenciação de Longa Duração/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Microdiálise , Microinjeções , Retenção Psicológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Trombospondinas/antagonistas & inibidores , Trombospondinas/metabolismoRESUMO
Primary testosterone and its derivatives are anabolic steroids used in the treatment of osteoporosis and Turner syndrome. They also enhance fast-twitch muscle weight in female rats. The present study examines the effect of an anabolic steroid on craniofacial growth and development in rats. Five-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats (125) were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group was injected subcutaneously with 1 mg nandrolone phenylpropionate in the interscapular region on alternate days, whereas those in the control group were injected with a vehicle, arachis oil. Rats were sacrificed at 60 and 120 days of age. Cephalometric analysis of soft X-ray cephalograms showed that chronic administration of the anabolic steroid, nandrolone phenylpropionate, resulted in: (1) about a 20% increase in body weight, (2) an increase in total skull length, (3) elongation of the maxillary and mandibular incisors, (4) an increase in the depth of the antegonial notch, and (5) downward-forward growth of the viscerocranium against the neurocranium. These results suggest that nandrolone phenylpropionate may accelerate craniofacial growth and/or induce high functional activity of the masticatory muscles in female rats.
Assuntos
Anabolizantes/farmacologia , Ossos Faciais/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Nandrolona/análogos & derivados , Crânio/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Cefalometria , Ossos Faciais/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Nandrolona/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Crânio/efeitos dos fármacos , Aumento de PesoRESUMO
Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) prepared from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba with 50% diluted alcohol was found to locally induce superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activity in epidermis after topical application, and also to systemically increase the activity of both enzymes in the liver, heart and kidney of Sprague Dawley rats. Skin pretreated with 50% diluted alcohol-extracted liquid formulation was protected from exacerbation of UVB damage. Changes in the lipid structure of the skin of rats determined by ATR/FT-IR spectroscopy demonstrated penetration of active components from GBE dosage formulations.
Assuntos
Catalase/metabolismo , Ativação Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Pele/efeitos dos fármacos , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Administração Tópica , Animais , Sequestradores de Radicais Livres/administração & dosagem , Ginkgo biloba , Rim/enzimologia , Fígado/enzimologia , Miocárdio/enzimologia , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Lesões Experimentais por Radiação/prevenção & controle , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Pele/enzimologia , Pele/efeitos da radiação , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversosRESUMO
The present work is an attempt to develop a new method to determine sex from the skull with lateral radiographic cephalometry and discriminant function analysis. The superciliary ridges, frontal sinuses, external occipital protuberance, and mastoid processes were adopted as objects of lateral radiographic cephalometric measurements. With discriminant functions created from 18 established cephalometric variables, a total of 100 cases were classified into two sexual groups with 100% accuracy in a random sample of Taiwanese adults. Therefore, we may obtain a much greater reliability of sex determination from skulls according to this newly developed technique.
Assuntos
Cefalometria , Caracteres Sexuais , Crânio/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Análise Discriminante , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , RadiografiaRESUMO
Chinese and other Mongoloid populations differ from Caucasoids by having a high prevalence of shovel trait and a low prevalence of Carabelli's trait. This study was conducted to compare the association between the shovel and the Carabelli's traits between Chinese and aboriginal Mongoloid populations. The research is designed to sample randomly a Chinese population and an aboriginal population having low admixture with neighboring populations. The Mongoloid aboriginal group was from the Bunun tribe who resides in an isolated alpine area in Taiwan. The effects of sex and age on Carabelli's trait were controlled in this study, as was the association between tooth size and Carabelli's trait. Our results show that males had more Carabelli's trait expressed on teeth than females in both of these two Mongoloid populations. The buccolingual diameter of Carabelli's trait teeth was larger than that of teeth without the trait. After controlling for sex, age, and tooth size, the existence of the shovel trait significantly increased the likelihood of having Carabelli's trait, especially in Chinese, which implies another significant ethnic feature for Mongoloid identification.
Assuntos
Povo Asiático/genética , Oclusão Dentária , Havaiano Nativo ou Outro Ilhéu do Pacífico/genética , Dente/anatomia & histologia , Adolescente , Antropologia Física , Intervalos de Confiança , Feminino , Odontologia Legal , Humanos , Incisivo/anatomia & histologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Dente Molar/anatomia & histologia , Razão de Chances , Grupos Raciais , TaiwanRESUMO
Chinese populations differ from Caucasoids by having a high prevalence of shovel trait and a low prevalence of Carabelli's trait. This study was conducted to investigate the association between the shovel and the Carabelli's traits in a Chinese population. The research design investigated a Chinese population that resides in southern Taiwan. The ancestors of this Chinese population migrated to Taiwan from mainland China, mainly from Fukien and Kwangtung. The effects of sex and age on Carabelli's trait were controlled in this investigation, as was the association between tooth size and Carabelli's trait. Results show that males were more likely to have Carabelli's trait expressed on teeth than females. The buccolingual diameter of Carabelli's trait teeth was larger than that of teeth without the trait. After controlling for sex, age, and tooth size, the existence of the shovel trait increased the likelihood of having Carabelli's trait by a factor of five and a half, which is a significant effect.
Assuntos
Etnicidade , Incisivo/anormalidades , Dente Molar/anormalidades , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Povo Asiático , Criança , China/etnologia , Intervalos de Confiança , Fatores de Confusão Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Análise Multivariada , Razão de Chances , Odontometria , Prevalência , Fatores Sexuais , TaiwanRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphological characteristics of the cranio-dento-facial complex of children with deciduous dentition and Class III malocclusion. Forty Chinese children in Taiwan with normal occlusion and 40 with Class III malocclusion in deciduous dentition were selected for cephalometric analysis. Mandibular length was significantly greater and the mandible was situated farther forward in the Class III group. The maxilla was also slightly backward in this group, perhaps in association with the shorter maxillary length. The mandibular incisors were tipped lingually to compensate for the intermaxillary skeletal dysplasia and the maxillary incisors were tipped lingually by the retroinclined mandibular incisors.
Assuntos
Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle/diagnóstico por imagem , Desenvolvimento Maxilofacial , Dente Decíduo , Cefalometria , Criança , China/etnologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Má Oclusão Classe I de Angle/diagnóstico por imagem , Má Oclusão Classe I de Angle/etnologia , Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle/etnologia , Radiografia , Valores de Referência , TaiwanRESUMO
A simple method for magnification correction of width measurements from posteroanterior (PA) cephalograms is presented. Small lead markers were placed on selected landmarks of dry skulls. Lateral and PA cephalograms were obtained for each skull. Seven cephalometric width measurements were selected. Actual widths were deduced from the geometric principle of similar triangles. The magnification factor is the distance between the anode and the transporionic axis, plus or minus the corrected distance of the landmark to the transporionic axis measured from the lateral cephalogram, divided by the distances between the anode and the film. Differences between measurements made directly on the skull and corrected width measurements from the PA films were observed to be very small (< 0.50 mm) and statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). Paired measurements were of high correlation (r = +0.99). The present method of magnification correction means cephalometric width measurements can be made that are comparable in accuracy with measurements made directly on the skulls.
Assuntos
Cefalometria/métodos , Ampliação Radiográfica , Crânio/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Algoritmos , Osso Frontal/anatomia & histologia , Osso Frontal/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Mandíbula/anatomia & histologia , Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Processo Mastoide/anatomia & histologia , Processo Mastoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Maxila/anatomia & histologia , Maxila/diagnóstico por imagem , Próteses e Implantes , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Crânio/anatomia & histologia , Base do Crânio/anatomia & histologia , Base do Crânio/diagnóstico por imagem , Zigoma/anatomia & histologia , Zigoma/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Craniofacial morphological characteristics of young adults with various malocclusions were investigated. Cephalometric radiographs of 100 Class I, 100 Class II, and 100 Class III cases were selected and subjected to counterpart analysis as described by Enlow. Results of individuals with normal occlusion revealed a mean value of 38.75 degrees for the angle of the middle cranial fossa relative to the posterior maxillary plane alignment (MCF/PM). This value was used as the basis for intrinsic alignment comparisons for all the other various parts. Classes I and II malocclusions were classified as either type A or B, depending on whether point A or B was protrusive in the functional occlusal plane (FOP). We found that type B was more common for Class I malocclusion. Further, these cases exhibited an underlying Class III character. We also noted that B groups had different structural craniofacial patterns relative to those seen in A groups. The difference between Class IA and Class IIA, or between Class IB and Class IIB was slight but quantitative. Class III and Class IIA individuals had distinctly different and essentially opposite underlying patterns. However, the composite compensatory result in Class IB case was, for the most part, effective.
Assuntos
Ossos Faciais/anatomia & histologia , Má Oclusão/patologia , Crânio/anatomia & histologia , Adulto , Cefalometria , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
In this study, we present a case of double inferior venae cavae found among 252 Taiwanese cadavers that were dissected in the gross anatomy laboratory of Kaohsiung Medical College from 1978 to 1996. The lumbar portion of the normal inferior vena cava is embryologically formed by the persistence of the right supracardinal vein. Persistence of the left one gives rise to the left inferior vena cava and the persistence of the bilateral ones, the double inferior venae cavae. In this case, there is an anastomosis between the right and left inferior venae cavae. The anastomotic type of this anomaly seems to be more common than the non-anastomotic one.
Assuntos
Veia Cava Inferior/anormalidades , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of cervical vertebra maturation as an indicator of skeletal age during the circumpubertal period. This was determined by correlating cervical vertebra maturation to hand-wrist maturation. The vertebral skeletal age was assessed using lateral cephalometric radiographs according to maturity indicators modified from Lamparski. The hand-wrist skeletal age was evaluated in radiographs with the system developed by Fishman. The sample consisted of 503 subjects (244 boys and 259 girls), aged 8 through 18 years. The Spearman rank correlation coefficients and Wilcoxon sign rank test showed that a statistically significant relationship existed between the two assessments. Both the intra- and inter-judge tests of reliability displayed no significant differences. The results of this study indicate that skeletal age assessment made from the maturational changes of cervical vertebrae were reliable, reproducible and valid.