RESUMO
ABSTRACT: Fungal infection is a rare condition in immunocompetent individuals, and it is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. We report on a case of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis in healthy 25-year-old man. Based on the clinical findings, the case was first thought to be cervico-facial actinomycosis, but Alternaria was identified on the culture after debridement. Simple surgical excision resulted in the complete cure without administration of systemic antifungals.
Assuntos
Alternaria , Face , Feoifomicose , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feoifomicose/diagnóstico , Feoifomicose/microbiologia , Feoifomicose/tratamento farmacológico , Feoifomicose/patologia , Alternaria/isolamento & purificação , Face/microbiologia , Face/patologia , Desbridamento , Microscopia , Histocitoquímica , Dermatomicoses/diagnóstico , Dermatomicoses/microbiologia , Dermatomicoses/patologia , Dermatomicoses/tratamento farmacológico , Imunocompetência , Pele/patologia , Pele/microbiologiaRESUMO
Cancer, being the most formidable ailment, has had a profound impact on the human health. The disease is primarily associated with genetic mutations that impact oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). Recently, growing evidence have shown that X-linked TSGs have specific role in cancer progression and metastasis as well. Interestingly, our genome harbors around substantial portion of genes that function as tumor suppressors, and the X chromosome alone harbors a considerable number of TSGs. The scenario becomes even more compelling as X-linked TSGs are adaptive to key epigenetic processes such as X chromosome inactivation. Therefore, delineating the new paradigm related to X-linked TSGs, for instance, their crosstalk with autosome and involvement in cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis becomes utmost importance. Considering this, herein, we present a comprehensive discussion of X-linked TSG dysregulation in various cancers as a consequence of genetic variations and epigenetic alterations. In addition, the dynamic role of X-linked TSGs in sex chromosome-autosome crosstalk in cancer genome remodeling is being explored thoroughly. Besides, the functional roles of ncRNAs, role of X-linked TSG in immunomodulation and in gender-based cancer disparities has also been highlighted. Overall, the focal idea of the present article is to recapitulate the findings on X-linked TSG regulation in the cancer landscape and to redefine their role toward improving cancer treatment strategies.