Epidemiology of spinal cord injury in China: A systematic review of the chinese and english literature.

STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the English and Chinese literature reporting epidemiological data on spinal cord injury (SCI) in China. METHODS: 3 English and 3 Chinese language electronic databases were searched from the earliest record to 15 March 2020. Sociodemographic characteristics, incidence rates, etiology and lesion characteristics, in-hospital mortality, and secondary health conditions and complications were extracted from included reports. RESULTS: A total of 51 studies were included, 32 in the Chinese language. Forty-seven studies were based on hospital records. Mean age of incident cases ranged from 34 to 55 years and male-to-female ratios ranged from 0.35:1 to 15.3:1. SCI incidence varied from 14.6 to 60.6 per million. Thirty-five studies reported only on traumatic SCI with traffic accidents, high falls, low falls and being hit by objects being the most common causes. Specific causes for non-traumatic SCI were poorly reported. Proportions with tetraplegia and complete injury ranged from 37.4% to 82.0% and 14.1% to 73.9%, respectively. Reported in-hospital mortality attributed to SCI varied from 1.1% to 18.4%. Leading cause of in-hospital mortality for acute SCI was respiratory problems; respiratory problems, urinary tract infections and pressure sores were the most common complications. CONCLUSION: Epidemiological data on SCI in China are only available for a limited number of provinces and mostly outdated. Updated data on incidence with accurate geographical information and etiology across all Chinese provinces are needed for targeted implementation of preventive strategies. Research on community outcomes needs to be developed in China.

Health care needs and health services utilization of people with spinal cord injury living in Jiangsu and Sichuan provinces of China: a cross-sectional community survey.

PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate health care needs, health service utilization, and their socio-economic and health-related determinants in people with spinal cord injury (SCI) living in Jiangsu and Sichuan Provinces of China. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 1355 participants with SCI living in the community were recruited using a multi-stage stratified random sample and surveyed by telephone or online. Outcomes evaluated included the presence of health care needs, mode of health service utilization, and specific provider types seen within 12 months preceding the survey. RESULTS: The prevalence of healthcare needs was 92%. Needs were higher in Sichuan (98%) as compared to Jiangsu (80%). Of those in need of health care, 38% reported not having utilized care, more in Sichuan (39%) than in Jiangsu (37%). In Jiangsu, inpatient care was more often used than in Sichuan (46% vs. 27%), while in Sichuan outpatient services were utilized more often (33% vs. 17%). On average, 1.6 provider types were seen, with Sichuan reporting fewer different provider types. CONCLUSIONS: Considerable differences in the prevalence of health care needs and service utilization patterns were found between provinces, mostly in favour of the economically more developed Jiangsu Province.Implications for RehabilitationPeople with low income, particularly those below the World Bank poverty line for middle-income countries, had increased health care needs but utilized health care less often.Moreover, environmental barriers contributed significantly to unmet health care needs.This implies the necessity to provide better accessible and more affordable rehabilitation services for people with spinal cord injury (SCI) in China such as community-based rehabilitation programming.Policies for alleviation of poverty in the case of SCI including insurance for catastrophic health expenditure should also be reviewed and adapted where applicable.

Uncut interposed jejunum pouch versus esophago-gastrostomy and double anastomoses of jejunum to the esophagus and residual stomach: An innovative method of digestive tract reconstruction following proximal gastrectomy.

AIM: An innovative method of digestive tract reconstruction following proximal gastrectomy, the uncut interposed jejunum pouch, esophagus and residual stomach double anastomosis(Uncut-D), was established in recent years. In order to fully clarify the superiority of the procedure, this study has conducted a systematic analysis and thorough discussion. METHODS: 118 patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction who underwent proximal gastrectomy were enrolled in this study. According to the methods of digestive tract reconstruction, these patients were divided into three groups: Uncut-D(n = 43), esophagogastrostomy (EG, n = 36), jejunal interposition (JI, n = 39).The preoperative indicators, surgical complications and related indicators of postoperative quality of life were analyzed. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in preoperative data among all groups (P > 0.05); The digestive tract reconstruction time in Uncut-D group was more than that in EG group, and less than that in JI group (P < 0.05). The incidence of esophageal anastomotic stenosis in Uncut-D group was significantly lower than that in EG group (P < 0.05); In Uncut-D group, the incidence of reflux esophagitis, postoperative nutrition index(PNI), weight recovery and Visick classification were significantly better than those in EG group (P < 0.05), furthermore, the incidence of delayed gastric emptying,PNI and weight recovery were better than those in JI group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The Uncut-D procedure gave full play to jejunal continuity and the advantages of pouch, and played a valuable role in gastric and cardiac replacement, which significantly reduced long-term complications, improved postoperative nutritional status of patients and long-term quality of life.

Health-Related Rehabilitation after the 2008 Great Wenchuan Earthquake in China: A Ten Year Retrospective Systematic Review.

Being one of the world's seismically hazard-prone countries, the People's Republic of China (PRC) witnessed an 8.0-magnitude earthquake on May 12th 2008-which was reported as one of the most destructive disasters since its founding. Following this earthquake, rehabilitation was greatly required for survivors to enable them to achieve and maintain optimal independence; functioning; full physical, mental and social ability; inclusion; and participation in all aspects of life and environments. We conducted a systematic review based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to retrospectively identify, in five English databases/sources, the existing evidence about the Health-Related Rehabilitation (HRR) that was rendered to the survivors of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake between 2008 and 2018. Only 11 studies out of 828 initial studies retrieved were included in our study and reported the survivors of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake to have been aged between 10.5 and 55.7, and predominantly diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorders. Their HRR was mainly premised on physical and physiological therapies, as well as traditional Chinese medicine and digital technologies. Although all HRR interventions used were reported to be effective, none was identified as much more effective than the others in the post-earthquake era -which calls for more robust research to build upon our systematic review.