RESUMO
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease mainly affecting the gastrointestinal tract. With the increased availability of modalities in the last two decades, the treatment of CD has advanced remarkably. Although medical treatment is the mainstay of therapy, most patients require surgery during the course of their illness, especially those who experience complications. Nutritional optimization and ERAS implementation are crucial for patients with CD who require surgical intervention to reduce postoperative complications. The increased surgical risk was found to be associated with the use of corticosteroids, but the association of surgical risk with immunomodulators, biologic therapy, such as anti-TNF mediations, anti-integrin medications, and anti-IL 12/23 was low in certainty. Decisions about preoperative medication must be made on an individual case-dependent basis. Preoperative imaging studies can assist in the planning of appropriate surgical strategies and approaches. However, patients must be informed of any alterations to their treatment. In summary, the management of perioperative medications and surgery-related decision-making should be individualized and patient-centered based on a multidisciplinary approach.
RESUMO
Making the right choice: Tetrakis(3,5-trifluoromethylphenyl)borate (TFPB) counter anions can facilitate the threading of dibenzylammonium (DBA(+)) ions through macrocycles in cases where the corresponding PF(6)(-) salts fail to exhibit complexation.
Assuntos
Boratos/química , Éteres de Coroa/química , Compostos de Amônio Quaternário/química , Rotaxanos/química , Ânions , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura MolecularRESUMO
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Despite the lack of evidence for the benefits of dietary restrictions for ulcerative colitis (UC), the majority of patients with UC restrict their diets to avoid relapses. Few studies have examined information resources that affect patients' dietary beliefs or practices, but none have investigated UC patients in clinical remission from Asia. This survey investigated the dietary beliefs, practices, and information resources of Taiwanese UC patients in clinical remission. METHODS: A self-reported questionnaire was administered. Fifty UC patients in clinical remission (defined based on having a 2-item patient-reported outcome score of ≤1 with no rectal bleeding for ≥90 days) were recruited from National Taiwan University Hospital between September 2017 and March 2018. RESULTS: In total, 22 patients (45.8%) believed diet to be the initiating factor for UC, and 48.0% of patients believed diet has ever triggered relapses. Forty-two patients (85.7%) avoided specific foods to prevent a relapse. Spicy foods were the most avoided foods (75.5%), following by alcohol (69.4%), carbonated beverages (63.3%), milk or milk products (59.2%), and fatty foods (59.2%). The patients' information resources for dietary beliefs and practices consisted mainly of their own experience. Approximately one-third of the patients have avoided the same menu with their family or avoided outdoor dining to prevent UC relapses. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first dietary belief survey focusing on clinical remission UC patients from Asia. Most clinical remission UC patients spontaneously avoided specific foods based on their own experiences. Dietary restrictions may negatively affect patients' social lives. Further dietary counseling is necessary to minimize the possible negative impacts on UC patients in clinical remission.
Assuntos
Colite Ulcerativa , Estudos Transversais , Dieta , Humanos , Recidiva , TaiwanRESUMO
We describe a [2]rotaxane molecule that exhibits distinct signals in its (1)H NMR spectra upon the complexation of physiologically important Li(+), Na(+), Mg(2+) and Ca(2+) ions; thus, the identification of these metal ions in solution is possible from the analysis of a single (1)H NMR spectrum of a single molecular sensor.
Assuntos
Metais/química , Rotaxanos/química , Íons/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , SoluçõesRESUMO
A molecular cage-based complex, in which the complexed guest changes its binding geometry with respect to the macrocyclic host upon the addition and removal of K(+) ions, is reported.
Assuntos
Compostos Macrocíclicos/química , Substâncias Macromoleculares/química , Antraquinonas/química , Cristalografia por Raios X , Íons/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Conformação Molecular , Potássio/químicaRESUMO
A system based on a molecular cage, in which bisdiazonium, bispyridinium, and anthraquinone guests can be complexed to the host sequentially through the application of suitable stimuli, is reported.
Assuntos
Antraquinonas/química , Compostos de Diazônio/química , Compostos de Piridínio/química , Modelos Moleculares , Conformação Molecular , Soluções , Especificidade por SubstratoRESUMO
Metastasis is the primary cause of death from breast cancer. Cell migration and invasion play important roles in neoplastic metastasis. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) stimulates cell migration through activation of PI-3K/Akt signaling pathway. IGF-1 induces the tumorigenicity of many types of cancer cells and is critical for metastatic cell spread in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast-cancer cells. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is a key enzyme in the degradation of extracellular matrices and its expression has been dysregulated in breast cancer invasion and metastasis. Resveratrol exhibited potential anticarcinogenic activities in several studies. However, the inhibitory effects of resveratrol on the expression of MMP-2, migration and invasion of breast-cancer cell have not been demonstrated yet. In the present study, we investigated the anti-invasive mechanism of resveratrol in human breast cancer MDA-MB 435cells. Here, we showed that IGF-1 is a potent stimulant of the migration of ER-negative human breast-cancer cells. Resveratrol could inhibit IGF-1-mediated cell migration of MDA-MB 435 in vitro. The inhibitory effect of resveratrol was mediated in part through the suppression of the activation of PI-3K/Akt signaling pathway. Furthermore, IGF-1-mediated expression of MMP-2 was significantly inhibited by resveratrol in concomitance with alteration of cell invasion.
Assuntos
Anticarcinógenos/farmacologia , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Invasividade Neoplásica/prevenção & controle , Estilbenos/farmacologia , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Ativação Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/fisiologia , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz/genética , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Resveratrol , Estilbenos/administração & dosagemRESUMO
Herein we report an easy-to-synthesize [2]rotaxane, which incorporates two ionic monopyridinium stations and one 2,2'-bipyridine station as the shaft of the dumbbell-shaped component and a bis-p-xylyl[26]crown-6 (BPX26C6) unit as the macrocyclic component. In this molecular shuttle, the BPX26C6 unit can be docked selectively on either the central 2,2'-bipyridine station or one of the two terminal pyridinium stations, and subsequently, returned to its shuttling molecular motion through the in situ addition of simple reagents (acid/base or metal ion/metal-ion-complexing ligand pairs).
Assuntos
Rotaxanos/síntese química , 2,2'-Dipiridil/química , Éteres de Coroa/química , Cristalografia por Raios X , Substâncias Macromoleculares/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética/normas , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Compostos de Piridínio/química , Padrões de Referência , Rotaxanos/químicaRESUMO
We have observed the mixed-valence and radical cation dimer states of a glycoluril-based molecular clip with tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) sidewalls at low concentration (1 mM) at room temperature. This molecular clip has four consecutive anodic steps in its cyclic voltammogram, which suggests a sequential oxidation of these TTF sidewalls to generate species existing in several distinct charge states: neutral monomers, mixed-valence dimers, radical cation dimers, and fully oxidized tetracationic monomers. The observation of characteristic NIR spectroscopic absorption bands at approximately 1650 and 830 nm in spectroelectrochemistry experiments supports the presence of intermediary mixed-valence and radical cation dimers, respectively, during the oxidation process. The stacking of four TTF radical cations in the dimer led to the appearance of a charge-transfer band at approximately 946 nm. Nanoelectrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used to verify the tricationic state and confirm the existence of other different charged dimers during the oxidation of the molecular clip.