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1.
EMBO Rep ; 2024 Sep 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39271776

RESUMO

High grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most common and aggressive ovarian malignancy. Accumulating evidence indicates that HGSOC may originate from human fallopian tube epithelial cells (FTECs), although the exact pathogen(s) and/or molecular mechanism underlying the malignant transformation of FTECs is unclear. Here we show that human papillomavirus (HPV), which could reach FTECs via retrograde menstruation or sperm-carrying, interacts with the yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) to drive the malignant transformation of FTECs. HPV prevents FTECs from natural replicative and YAP1-induced senescence, thereby promoting YAP1-induced malignant transformation of FTECs. HPV also stimulates proliferation and drives metastasis of YAP1-transformed FTECs. YAP1, in turn, stimulates the expression of the putative HPV receptors and suppresses the innate immune system to facilitate HPV acquisition. These findings provide critical clues for developing new strategies to prevent and treat HGSOC.

2.
J Sci Food Agric ; 102(11): 4802-4812, 2022 Aug 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35229291

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Prebiotics, such as algal polysaccharides, can be used to manage metabolic diseases by modulating gut microbiota. However, the effect of Pyropia yezoensis porphyran (PYP), a red algal polysaccharide, on gut microbiota has not been reported. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine effects of PYP on metabolic disorders caused by high sucrose (HS) and underlying mechanisms involved in such effects. RESULTS: Biochemical analysis demonstrated that an HS diet increased triglyceride and circulating sugar contents (metabolic abnormalities) in Drosophila larvae. It also increased the relative abundance of harmful microbiota within the larvae as identified by 16S ribosomal DNA analysis. PYP supplementation at 25 and 50 g kg-1 equivalently reduced metabolic abnormalities in the HS group. Therefore, 25 g kg-1 PYP was selected to investigate its effects on the metabolic pathway and gut microbiota of larvae in the HS group. The activity of PYP in ameliorating metabolic abnormalities by reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis was consistent with the expression trend of key factors involved in metabolism regulation. PYP reduced the relative abundance of bacteria causing metabolic abnormalities, such as Escherichia-Shigella and Fusobacterium, but increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus and Akkermansia. However, PYP had no effect on triglyceride and circulating sugar contents in HS-fed larvae treated with a mixture of antibiotics designed to remove gut microbiota. CONCLUSION: PYP exhibits anti-metabolic disorder activity by modulating gut microbiota, thereby supporting the development of PYP as a functional prebiotic derived from red algae food. Copyright © 2022 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.


Assuntos
Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Doenças Metabólicas , Rodófitas , Animais , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Drosophila melanogaster/genética , Doenças Metabólicas/tratamento farmacológico , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Prebióticos , Sefarose/análogos & derivados , Sacarose , Triglicerídeos
3.
BMC Cancer ; 19(1): 127, 2019 Feb 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30732570

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The miRNA isoforms (isomiRs) have been suggested to regulate the same pathways as the canonical miRNA and play an important biological role in miRNA-mediated gene regulation. Recently, a study has demonstrated that the presence or absence of all isomiRs could efficiently discriminate amongst 32 TCGA cancer types. Besides, an effective reduction of distinguishing isomiR features for multiclass tumor discrimination must have a major impact on our understanding of the disease and treatment of cancer. METHODS: In this study, we have constructed a combination of the genetic algorithms (GA) with Random Forest (RF) algorithms to detect reliable sets of cancer-associated 5'isomiRs from TCGA isomiR expression data for multiclass tumor classification. RESULTS: We obtained 100 sets of the optimal predictive features, each of which comprised of 50-5'isomiRs that could effectively classify with an average sensitivity of 92% samples from 32 different tumor types. We calculated the frequency with which a 5'isomiR found in these sets as measuring its importance for tumor classification. Many highly frequent 5'isomiRs with different 5' loci from canonical miRNAs were detected in these sets, supporting that the isomiRs play a significant role in the multiclass tumor classification. The further functional enrichment analysis showed that the target genes of the 10 most frequently appearing 5'isomiRs were involved in the activity of transcription activator and protein kinase and cell-cell adhesion. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the present study indicated that the 5'isomiRs might be employed for multiclass tumor classification and the suggested that GA/RF model could perform effective tumor classification by a series of largely independent optimal predictor 5' isomiR sets.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , MicroRNAs/genética , Neoplasias/genética , Interferência de RNA , Transcriptoma , Algoritmos , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Humanos , Modelos Biológicos , Neoplasias/diagnóstico
4.
J Cell Biochem ; 119(3): 2806-2817, 2018 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29058761

RESUMO

The excessive recruitment and improper activation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) often induces serious injury of host tissues, leading to inflammatory disorders. Therefore, to understand the molecular mechanism on neutrophil recruitment possesses essential pathological and physiological importance. In this study, we found that physiological shear stress induces c-Abl kinase activation in neutrophils, and c-Abl kinase inhibitor impaired neutrophil crawling behavior on ICAM-1. We further identified Vav1 was a downstream effector phosphorylated at Y174 and Y267. Once activated, c-Abl kinase regulated the activity of Vav1, which further affected Rac1/PAK1/LIMK1/cofilin signaling pathway. Here, we demonstrate a novel signaling function and critical role of c-Abl kinase during neutrophil crawling under physiological shear by regulating Vav1. These findings provide a promising treatment strategy for inflammation-related disease by inactivation of c-Abl kinase to restrict neutrophil recruitment.


Assuntos
Fatores de Despolimerização de Actina/metabolismo , Movimento Celular , Quinases Lim/metabolismo , Neutrófilos/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-abl/metabolismo , Resistência ao Cisalhamento , Transdução de Sinais , Quinases Ativadas por p21/metabolismo , Proteínas rac1 de Ligação ao GTP/metabolismo , Feminino , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Masculino , Neutrófilos/citologia
5.
Mar Drugs ; 16(8)2018 Aug 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30071655

RESUMO

Sargassum fusifrome is considered a "longevity vegetable" in Asia. Sargassum fusifrome polysaccharides exhibit numerous biological activities, specially, the modulation of immune response via the NF-κB signaling pathway. However, the precise mechanisms by which these polysaccharides modulate the immune response through the NF-κB signaling pathway have not been elucidated. In this study, we purified and characterized a novel fraction of Sargassum fusifrome polysaccharide and named it SFP-F2. SFP-F2 significantly upregulated the production of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells. It also activated the NF-κB signaling pathway. Data obtained from experiments carried out with specific inhibitors (PDTC, BAY 11-7082, IKK16 and SB203580) suggested that SFP-F2 activated the NF-κB signaling pathway via CD14/IKK and P38 axes. SFP-F2 could therefore potentially exert an immune-enhancement effect through inducing the CD14/IKK/NF-κB and P38/NF-κB signaling pathways.


Assuntos
Antígenos CD13/metabolismo , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/efeitos dos fármacos , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Sargassum/química , Animais , Antígenos CD13/genética , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Polissacarídeos/química , Células RAW 264.7 , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos
6.
J Food Prot ; 87(3): 100234, 2024 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38295987

RESUMO

To investigate the distribution, contamination status, and antibiotic resistance of Listeria monocytogenes in four types of retail poultry meat, including chicken, duck, goose, and pigeon, sold in Jiading District, Shanghai, a total of 236 retail poultry meat samples were collected, and L. monocytogenes isolates were obtained for identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing against 14 common antibiotics. Forty-one L. monocytogenes isolates were detected from the 236 retail poultry meat samples, with detection rates of 24.47%, 19.44%, 14.75%, and 4.44% in chicken, goose, duck, and pigeon meat, respectively. Among refrigerated, frozen, and room temperature samples, refrigerated poultry had the highest detection rate at 25.40%, while frozen poultry had the lowest at 13.33%. The detection rate of L. monocytogenes in chicken meat differed significantly between the storage temperatures, while no significant differences were found for other poultry types. No significant differences in detection rates were observed between different retail locations or packaging methods. Isolates exhibited complete resistance to cefoxitin (FOX) and increasing resistance over time to tetracycline (TET) and clindamycin (CLI), while low levels of resistance were found for penicillin (PEN), oxacillin (OXA), and erythromycin (ERY). Resistance to ERY and TET suggests the potential for multidrug resistance. Significant differences in antibiotic resistance profiles were observed among L. monocytogenes from the various poultry types. In summary, contamination status and antibiotic resistance profiles differed among retail chicken, duck, goose, and pigeon meat sold and the resistance rate of strains continues to increase in Jiading District, Shanghai. Targeted control measures should be implemented to reduce the emergence of resistant strains, as retail conditions had minimal impact on L. monocytogenes prevalence in poultry meat.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Listeria monocytogenes , Animais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Aves Domésticas , Contaminação de Alimentos/análise , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , China , Carne , Tetraciclina , Eritromicina , Galinhas , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana
7.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 107(49): 21034-9, 2010 Dec 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21084637

RESUMO

Pax-6 is an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor regulating brain and eye development. Four Pax-6 isoforms have been reported previously. Although the longer Pax-6 isoforms (p46 and p48) bear two DNA-binding domains, the paired domain (PD) and the homeodomain (HD), the shorter Pax-6 isoform p32 contains only the HD for DNA binding. Although a third domain, the proline-, serine- and threonine-enriched activation (PST) domain, in the C termini of all Pax-6 isoforms mediates their transcriptional modulation via phosphorylation, how p32 Pax-6 could regulate target genes remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we show that sumoylation at K91 is required for p32 Pax-6 to bind to a HD-specific site and regulate expression of target genes. First, in vitro-synthesized p32 Pax-6 alone cannot bind the P3 sequence, which contains the HD recognition site, unless it is preincubated with nuclear extracts precleared by anti-Pax-6 but not by anti-small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (anti-SUMO1) antibody. Second, in vitro-synthesized p32 Pax-6 can be sumoylated by SUMO1, and the sumoylated p32 Pax-6 then can bind to the P3 sequence. Third, Pax-6 and SUMO1 are colocalized in the embryonic optic and lens vesicles and can be coimmunoprecipitated. Finally, SUMO1-conjugated p32 Pax-6 exists in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, and sumoylation significantly enhances the DNA-binding ability of p32 Pax-6 and positively regulates gene expression. Together, our results demonstrate that sumoylation activates p32 Pax-6 in both DNA-binding and transcriptional activities. In addition, our studies demonstrate that p32 and p46 Pax-6 possess differential DNA-binding and regulatory activities.


Assuntos
Encéfalo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Proteínas do Olho/genética , Olho/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/genética , Fatores de Transcrição Box Pareados/genética , Proteínas Repressoras/genética , Sumoilação/fisiologia , Ativação Transcricional , Animais , Sítios de Ligação , DNA/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Camundongos , Fator de Transcrição PAX6 , Ligação Proteica , Isoformas de Proteínas , Proteína SUMO-1/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição
8.
Poult Sci ; 102(11): 103017, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37659127

RESUMO

To investigate the contamination status, serotype distribution, and drug resistance of Salmonella in poultry sold in Jiading District, Shanghai. Four types of raw poultry meats (chickens, ducks, geese, and pigeons) have been sampled from commercial markets, and potential Salmonella contamination has also been isolated and identified via serotype analysis. Furthermore, resistance of isolated Salmonella toward 14 commonly used antibiotics has also been conducted. Ninety-two Salmonella strains were isolated from 236 commercial poultry samples. The detection rates of Salmonella in pigeon, goose, duck, and chicken were 28.89, 44.44, 39.34, and 38.30%, respectively. The detection rate of Salmonella exhibits considerable variation across different years. The serotype composition of Salmonella in poultry demonstrates annual variability, undergoing significant changes from year to year. The majority serotypes of Salmonella have been revealed as S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, and S. Agona. Relatively higher drug resistance was discovered with nalidixic acid, tetracycline, ampicillin and chloramphenicol, with drug resistance rate as 58.70, 53.25, 44.57, and 38.04%, respectively. Low drug resistance was revealed with cefotaxime, and completely sensitive to imipenem. Significant difference in drug resistance was noted in the Salmonella isolated from meats. Different serotypes of Salmonella strains have also revealed as difference in drug resistance. A total of 15.22% of Salmonella strains were nonresistant to any tested drugs. Multidrug-resistant strains accounted for 36.96% of isolated strains. The highest number of resistant antibiotics can reach 12 kinds of different antibiotics, Salmonella resistance is exhibiting a consistent upward trend overall. AMP-TET or CHL-CFZ drug resistance pattern suggested that the strain was multidrug resistant. The contamination of Salmonella in raw poultry meat samples in Jiading District, Shanghai is serious, and the drug resistance is increasing. The measures taken for epidemic prevention and control have a certain impact on the contamination of Salmonella in poultry meat. Therefore, monitoring and control should be strengthened.

9.
Natl Sci Rev ; 10(12): nwad278, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38033734

RESUMO

Mantispidae have developed multidimensional specializations of predation that are leveraged by trade-offs involving attack properties, which is revealed by interdisciplinary analyses of phylogeny, morphometrics, and mechanical modeling. The lineage diversification was stimulated by its raptorial foreleg evolution, and was influenced by the ecosystem of corresponding periods, involving biotic and physical factors.

10.
Animals (Basel) ; 12(7)2022 Apr 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35405925

RESUMO

Bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental estrogen, is widely used and largely released into the hydrosphere, thus inducing adverse effects in aquatic organisms. Here, Xenopus tropicalis was used as an animal model to investigate the oxidative effects of BPA on early embryonic development. BPA exposure prevalently caused development delay and shortened body length. Furthermore, BPA exposure significantly increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage in embryos. Thus, the details of BPA interference with antioxidant regulatory pathways during frog early embryonic development should be further explored.

11.
J Affect Disord ; 308: 123-129, 2022 07 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35447221

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 outbreak has generated many negative psychological outcomes, such as depression, in adolescents. Exploration of protective factors for adolescent mental health is urgently needed, and no research has examined the role of parental involvement. METHODS: From March to April 2020, valid data were collected from 1663 Chinese adolescents through online demographic and other questionnaires. Parental involvement at home was assessed by an adapted questionnaire on parental support in learning at home, stress since the COVID-19 outbreak was measured by the Perceived Stress Scale, and three negative psychological outcomes (i.e., depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS)) were measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale, and PTSD Check List-Civilian Version, respectively. RESULTS: In total, 35.4%, 21% and 25% of adolescents had depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and PTSS, respectively. Three moderated mediation models consistently showed the following: a. Parental involvement indirectly reduced the three psychological problems by alleviating perceived stress, and the indirect effects were not moderated by sex. b. There were negative direct effects of parental involvement on the three psychological problems, and the links were not moderated by sex. c. Sex moderated the associations between perceived stress and the three psychological problems. LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional design and the sampling of all participants from one junior high school impeded causal inferences and the generalization of our findings, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We found similar indirect and direct protective roles of parental involvement in boys' and girls' mental health, and girls were more vulnerable to stress.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Adolescente , Ansiedade/psicologia , China/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Depressão/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pais/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários
12.
Oncogene ; 41(30): 3761-3777, 2022 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35761037

RESUMO

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is very common in sexually active women, but cervical cancer only develops in a small fraction of HPV-infected women, suggesting that unknown intrinsic factors associated with the unique genetic/genomic background of the high-risk population play a critical role in cervical carcinogenesis. Although our previous studies have identified the hyperactivated YAP1 oncogene as a critical contributor to cervical cancer, the molecular mechanism by which YAP1 drives cervical cancer is unknown. In the present study, we found that although the hyperactivated YAP1 caused a malignant transformation of immortalized cervical epithelial cells, it induced cellular senescence in cultures of primary human cervical epithelial cells (HCvECs). However, the hyperactivated YAP1 induced malignant transformation of HCvECs in the presence of high-risk HPV E6/E7 proteins, suggesting that the hyperactivated YAP1 synergizes with HPV to initiate cervical cancer development. Our mechanistic studies demonstrate that YAP1, via up-regulating LATS2, formed a YAP1-LATS2 negative feedback loop in cervical epithelial cells to maintain homeostasis of cervical tissue. Intriguingly, we found that high-risk HPV targets LATS2 to disrupt the feedback loop leading to the malignant transformation of cervical epithelial cells. Finally, we report that mitomycin C, an FDA-approved drug that could upregulate LATS2 and drive cellular senescence in vitro and in vivo, induced a regression of cervical cancer in a pre-clinial animal model. Thus, high-risk HPV targeting the YAP1-LATS2 feedback loop represents a new mechanism of cervical cancer development.


Assuntos
Alphapapillomavirus , Proteínas Oncogênicas Virais , Infecções por Papillomavirus , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Animais , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/genética , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/patologia , Retroalimentação , Feminino , Humanos , Proteínas Oncogênicas Virais/genética , Proteínas Oncogênicas Virais/metabolismo , Papillomaviridae/metabolismo , Proteínas E7 de Papillomavirus/metabolismo , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases , Proteínas Repressoras/metabolismo , Proteínas Supressoras de Tumor , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Proteínas de Sinalização YAP
13.
Biochim Biophys Acta ; 1802(7-8): 621-31, 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20434541

RESUMO

The small heat shock protein alphaA-crystallin is a structural protein in the ocular lens. In addition, recent studies have also revealed that it is a molecular chaperone, an autokinase and a strong anti-apoptotic regulator. Besides its lenticular distribution, a previous study demonstrates that a detectable level of alphaA-crystallin is found in other tissues including thymus and spleen. In the present study, we have re-examined the distribution of alphaA-crystallin in various normal human and mouse tissues and found that the normal pancreas expresses a moderate level of alphaA-crystallin. Moreover, alphaA-crystallin is found significantly downregulated in 60 cases of pancreatic carcinoma of different types than it is in 11 normal human pancreas samples. In addition, we demonstrate that alphaA-crystallin can enhance the activity of the activating protein-1 (AP-1) through modulating the function of the MAP kinase, and also upregulates components of TGFbeta pathway. Finally, expression of alphaA-crystallin in a pancreatic cancer cell line, MiaPaCa, results in retarded cell migration. Together, these results suggest that alphaA-crystallin seems to negatively regulate pancreatic carcinogenesis.


Assuntos
Carcinoma/genética , Genes Supressores de Tumor , Pâncreas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/genética , Cadeia A de alfa-Cristalina/fisiologia , Animais , Carcinoma/metabolismo , Carcinoma/patologia , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/genética , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/metabolismo , Citoproteção/genética , Regulação para Baixo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Genes Supressores de Tumor/fisiologia , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/química , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/genética , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/metabolismo , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/fisiologia , Humanos , Camundongos , Peso Molecular , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologia , Transfecção , Células Tumorais Cultivadas , Cadeia A de alfa-Cristalina/química , Cadeia A de alfa-Cristalina/genética , Cadeia A de alfa-Cristalina/metabolismo
14.
Food Sci Nutr ; 9(10): 5590-5599, 2021 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34646529

RESUMO

Lipid accumulation is a major factor in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Currently, there is a lack of intervention or therapeutic drugs against NAFLD. In this study, we investigated the ability of Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide (SFPS) to reduce lipid accumulation induced by high sugar in HepG2 cells and Drosophila melanogaster larvae. The results indicated that SFPS significantly (p < .01) decreased the accumulation of lipid droplets in high sugar-induced HepG2 cells. Furthermore, SFPS also suppressed the expression of Srebp and Fas (genes involved in lipogenesis) and increased the expression of PPARɑ and Cpt1 (genes that participated in fatty acid ß-oxidation) in these cells. SFPS markedly reduced the content of triglyceride of the third instar larvae developed from D. melanogaster eggs reared on the high-sucrose diet. The expression of the Srebp and Fas genes in the larvae was also inhibited whereas the expression of two genes involved in the ß-oxidation of fatty acids, Acox57D-d and Fabp, was increased in the larval fat body (a functional homolog of the human liver). We also found that SFPS ameliorated developmental abnormalities induced by the high-sucrose diet. These results of this study suggest that SFPS could potentially be used as a therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.

15.
Genes (Basel) ; 11(11)2020 11 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33218193

RESUMO

Gastrulation drives the establishment of three germ layers and embryonic axes during frog embryonic development. Mesodermal cell fate specification and morphogenetic movements are vital factors coordinating gastrulation, which are regulated by numerous signaling pathways, such as the Wnt (Wingless/Integrated), Notch, and FGF (Fibroblast growth factor) pathways. However, the coordination of the Notch and FGF signaling pathways during gastrulation remains unclear. We identified a novel helix-loop-helix DNA binding domain gene (Hes5.9), which was regulated by the FGF and Notch signaling pathways during gastrulation. Furthermore, gain- and loss-of-function of Hes5.9 led to defective cell migration and disturbed the expression patterns of mesodermal and endodermal marker genes, thus interfering with gastrulation. Collectively, these results suggest that Hes5.9 plays a crucial role in cell fate decisions and cell migration during gastrulation, which is modulated by the FGF and Notch signaling pathways.


Assuntos
Embrião não Mamífero/citologia , Fatores de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Receptores Notch/metabolismo , Proteínas de Xenopus/genética , Xenopus/embriologia , Animais , Diferenciação Celular , Movimento Celular , Embrião não Mamífero/efeitos dos fármacos , Embrião não Mamífero/metabolismo , Endoderma , Feminino , Gastrulação/fisiologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento , Mesoderma , Microinjeções , Pirróis/farmacologia , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Xenopus/metabolismo , Proteínas de Xenopus/metabolismo
16.
Food Funct ; 11(4): 3632-3644, 2020 Apr 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32292988

RESUMO

Sargassum fusiforme is a type of brown algae and well known as a longevity promoting vegetable in Northeastern Asia. The polysaccharides derived from Sargassum fusiforme (SFPs) have been suggested as an antioxidant component for anti-aging function. However, global molecular changes in vivo by SFPs have not been fully elucidated. Here, we present a proteomics study using liver tissues of aged male mice that were fed with SFPs. Of forty-nine protein spots, thirty-eight were up-regulated and eleven were down-regulated, showing significant changes in abundance by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. These differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in oxidation-reduction, amino acid metabolism, and energy metabolism. Forty-six proteins were integrated into a unified network, with catalase (Cat) at the center. Intriguingly, most of the proteins were speculated as mitochondrial-located proteins. Our findings suggested that SFPs modulated antioxidant enzymes to scavenge redundant free radicals, thus preventing oxidative damage. In conclusion, our study provides a proteomic view on how SFPs have beneficial effects on the aspects of antioxidant and energy metabolism during the aging process. This study facilitates the understanding of anti-aging molecular mechanisms in polysaccharides derived from Sargassum fusiforme.


Assuntos
Envelhecimento , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Sargassum/química , Animais , Antioxidantes/química , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Polissacarídeos/química , Proteômica
17.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 155: 1385-1392, 2020 Jul 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31733246

RESUMO

Fucoidan is a complex sulfated polysaccharide and an active component found in the cell wall of brown seaweeds. In the present study, fucoidans were obtained from Sargassum fusiforme using different extraction methods, including hot water (prepared fucoidan was named as WSFF), dilute hydrochloric acid (ASFF), and calcium chloride solution (CSFF). The assessments were performed on S. fusiforme fucoidans based on their chemical composition, molecular conformations, and in vitro antioxidant activities. ASFF showed the maximum extraction yield (11.24%), whereas CSFF exhibited the minimum yield (3.94%). The monosaccharide composition of WSFF, ASFF, and CSFF was similar, but the molar ratio of monosaccharide was quite different. Moreover, their molecular weight, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum, surface morphology, uronic acid content and degree of sulfation were distinct. The Congo red test and Circular dichroism spectroscopy analysis displayed some differences in solution conformation of these samples. Furthermore, WSFF, ASFF, and CSFF showed distinct in vitro antioxidant activities evaluated by DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. The present study provides scientific evidence on the influences of extraction methods on the physicochemical characteristics, conformation behaviors and antioxidant activities of S. fusiforme fucoidans.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Fracionamento Químico/métodos , Fenômenos Químicos , Polissacarídeos/química , Polissacarídeos/isolamento & purificação , Sargassum/química , Cloreto de Cálcio/química , Ácido Clorídrico/química , Água/química
18.
Sci Bull (Beijing) ; 65(15): 1281-1296, 2020 08 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34888112

RESUMO

Understanding the cell-of-origin of ovarian high grade serous cancer (HGSC) is the prerequisite for efficient prevention and early diagnosis of this most lethal gynecological cancer. Recently, a mesenchymal type of ovarian HGSC with the poorest prognosis among ovarian cancers was identified by both TCGA and AOCS studies. The cell-of-origin of this subtype of ovarian cancer is unknown. While pursuing studies to understand the role of the Hippo pathway in ovarian granulosa cell physiology and pathology, we unexpectedly found that the Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), the major effector of the Hippo signaling pathway, induced dedifferentiation and reprogramming of the ovarian granulosa cells, a unique type of ovarian follicular cells with mesenchymal lineage and high plasticity, leading to the development of high grade ovarian cancer with serous features. Our research results unveil a potential cell-of-origin for a subtype of HGSC with mesenchymal features.

19.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 131: 1162-1170, 2019 Jun 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30974142

RESUMO

Diabetes is a complicated endocrine and metabolic disorder, which has become an epidemic health issue worldwide. Fucoidan is extensively distributed in the brown algae and several marine invertebrates exhibiting diverse biological activities. In the present study, the physicochemical property of Sargassum fusiforme fucoidan (SFF) and its effects on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice and gut microbiota were investigated. Diabetes mice not only showed abnormal blood glucose, but also accompanied by multiple symptoms, such as gradual emaciation, decreased body weight, increased food and water intake. Compared with diabetic mice after 6-week treatment, administration of SFF significantly decreased the fasting blood glucose, diet and water intake. Furthermore, SFF attenuated the pathological change in the heart and liver, improved the liver function, and suppressed oxidative stress in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Simultaneously, SFF significantly altered the gut microbiota in the faeces of diabetic mice, decreased the relative abundances of the diabetes-related intestinal bacteria, which is a potential mechanism for relieving the symptoms of diabetes. Therefore, SFF might be considered as one of the promising complementary and alternative medicines for the management of diabetes mellitus in future.


Assuntos
Glicemia/efeitos dos fármacos , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efeitos dos fármacos , Hiperglicemia/sangue , Hiperglicemia/etiologia , Polissacarídeos/química , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Sargassum/química , Animais , Fenômenos Químicos , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Hiperglicemia/tratamento farmacológico , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/patologia , Masculino , Metagenoma , Metagenômica/métodos , Camundongos , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Análise Espectral , Estreptozocina/efeitos adversos , Transcriptoma
20.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 133: 656-662, 2019 Jul 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30930270

RESUMO

P-selectin, mediated adhesion between endothelium and neutrophils, is a promising target for the therapeutics of acute inflammatory-related diseases. It is reported that brown algal fucoidans can antagonize P-selectin function. However, the fractionation and physicochemical characterization of Sargassum fusiforme fucoidan, and the screening of fucoidan fractions with P-selectin antagonistic capability have not been investigated. In this study, we isolated and fractionated systematically the S. fusiforme fucoidan by ion-exchange chromatography and size exclusion chromatography to obtain eight fucoidan fractions. Their physicochemical characterization was determined by chemical methods, HPLC and FT-IR. The inhibitory capacity of the fucoidan fractions in P-selectin-mediated leukocyte adhesion was evaluated by static adhesion assay and parallel-plate flow chamber. Results showed that fucoidan fractions possessed distinct physicochemical properties, including total carbohydrate, uronic acid and sulfate contents, molecular weight, and monosaccharide compositions. Among all the fucoidan fractions, SFF-32 and SFF-42 showed better blocking ability against P-selectin-mediated cell adhesion.


Assuntos
Fenômenos Químicos , Selectina-P/metabolismo , Polissacarídeos/química , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Sargassum/química , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Células CHO , Adesão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cricetulus , Células HL-60 , Humanos , Peso Molecular , Monossacarídeos/análise , Polissacarídeos/isolamento & purificação
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