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1.
J Perinat Med ; 49(9): 1096-1102, 2021 Nov 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34265881

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to establish new cut-off values for SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) variables in the obstetric population. METHODS: A prospective cohort study in pregnant and postpartum women admitted with systemic infections between December 2017 and January 2019. Patients were divided into three cohorts: Group A, patients with infection but without severe maternal outcomes (SMO); Group B, patients with infection and SMO or admission to the intensive care unit (ICU); and Group C, a control group. Outcome measures were ICU admission and SMO. The relationship between SIRS criteria and SMO was expressed as the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC), selecting the best cut-off for each SIRS criterion. RESULTS: A total of 541 obstetric patients were enrolled, including 341 with infections and 200 enrolled as the reference group (Group C). The patients with infections included 313 (91.7%) in Group A and 28 (8.2%) in Group B. There were significant differences for all SIRS variables in Group B, compared with Groups A and C, but there were no significant differences between Groups A and C. The best cut-off values were the following: temperature 38.2 °C, OR 4.1 (1.8-9.0); heart rate 120 bpm, OR 2.9 (1.2-7.4); respiratory rate 22 bpm, OR 4.1 (1.6-10.1); and leukocyte count 16,100 per mcl, OR 3.5 (1.6-7.6). CONCLUSIONS: The cut-off values for SIRS variables did not differ between healthy and infected obstetric patients. However, a higher cut-off may help predict the population with a higher risk of severe maternal outcomes.


Assuntos
Infecções , Complicações do Trabalho de Parto , Infecção Puerperal , Risco Ajustado/métodos , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica , Adulto , Estudos de Coortes , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Diagnóstico Precoce , Feminino , Humanos , Infecções/complicações , Infecções/diagnóstico , Infecções/epidemiologia , Infecções/fisiopatologia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Contagem de Leucócitos/métodos , Mortalidade Materna , Complicações do Trabalho de Parto/diagnóstico , Complicações do Trabalho de Parto/etiologia , Complicações do Trabalho de Parto/mortalidade , Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez/epidemiologia , Infecção Puerperal/sangue , Infecção Puerperal/etiologia , Infecção Puerperal/mortalidade , Infecção Puerperal/terapia , Medição de Risco/métodos , Avaliação de Sintomas/métodos , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/sangue , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/etiologia , Síndrome de Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica/terapia
2.
JBI Evid Synth ; 19(12): 3347-3354, 2021 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34171892

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This review will identify and describe the content and assess the quality of available decision aids aimed at adults with advanced chronic kidney disease with medical indication to start dialysis who need to choose one of the two dialysis modalities. INTRODUCTION: The lack of evidence regarding the superiority of the different options for dialysis, hemodialysis, and peritoneal dialysis, indicated in advanced chronic kidney disease, makes the shared decision-making process especially important. INCLUSION CRITERIA: We will include decision aids from published studies and non-published material aimed at adults with advanced chronic kidney disease. METHODS: We will perform searches in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, and Epistemonikos. In addition, we will search unpublished studies in OpenGrey, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Open Access Theses and Dissertations. We will also identify decision aids through a specific search in Google and by searching websites of nephrology societies or associations. We will include decision aids in English or Spanish aimed at adults with advanced chronic kidney disease with medical indication to start dialysis. Two independent reviewers will screen, select, and extract the data. General aspects and attributes of the decision aids will be collected. Their quality will be evaluated, and their recommendations for implementation in clinical practice will be analyzed.


Assuntos
Diálise Renal , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Adulto , Tomada de Decisão Compartilhada , Técnicas de Apoio para a Decisão , Humanos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapia , Literatura de Revisão como Assunto
3.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1536018

RESUMO

Contexto Los pacientes en hemodiálisis son una población susceptible para la enfermedad causada por el SARS-CoV-2, enfermedad por el coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), siendo el diagnóstico temprano una necesidad urgente por considerarse una población de riesgo por presentar cuadros severos y graves. Objetivo Estimar si la anosmia de inicio súbito permite una detección temprana de la infección por COVID-19, en pacientes de hemodiálisis sin síntomas clásicos (que no presentaron malestar general, síntomas respiratorios o gastrointestinales al inicio de la enfermedad). Metodología Se realizó un estudio de prueba diagnóstica durante los meses de septiembre y octubre del 2020 en tres unidades de hemodiálisis en Colombia. Fueron incluidos pacientes adultos, sin síntomas clásicos para COVID-19. Se excluyó a los pacientes con infección previa por COVID-19 o con antecedentes de alteración del olfato. Se recolectaron datos demográficos, clínicos y de laboratorio, previa firma de consentimiento informado avalado por el comité de ética (CEI-487). La anosmia se exploró con una prueba subjetiva para detección de olores antes del inicio de la hemodiálisis. Resultados Se incluyeron 587 pacientes. La prevalencia de anosmia fue de 0,85 % (cinco pacientes) y una incidencia de COVID-19 de 1,19 % (siete pacientes). No hubo diferencia estadística al comparar las variables demográficas, clínicas y de laboratorio entre pacientes con y sin anosmia. La presencia de anosmia tuvo una sensibilidad y un valor predictivo positivo del 0 %, pero una especificidad del 99,14 % y un valor predictivo negativo del 98,8 %. La exactitud fue del 97,9 %. Conclusiones La prevalencia de anosmia en nuestra población de hemodiálisis fue baja. Se debería indagar en el triaje cualquier síntoma (incluida la alteración del sentido del olfato) como estrategia para detectar de forma temprana casos individuales de COVID-19 o un brote en las unidades de hemodiálisis.


Background Hemodialysis patients are susceptible population for COVID-19 the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, with early diagnosis being an urgent and needed because they are considered a population with high risk for severe and serious conditions. Purpose The objective of our study was to estimate whether sudden-onset anosmia allow to detect COVID-19 infection early in hemodialysis patients without classic symptoms (who did not present malaise, respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms at the beginning of the disease). Methodology A diagnostic test study was accomplished during the months of September and October 2020 in three hemodialysis units in Colombia. Adult patients without classic symptoms for COVID-19 were included. Patients with previous COVID-19 infection or with a history of smell alteration were excluded. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected, prior signature of informed consent endorsed by the ethics committee. Anosmia was evaluated with objective test for odor detection before the start of hemodialysis session. Results 587 patients were included. Anosmia prevalence was 0.85% (5 patients) and the incidence of COVID-19 was 1.19% (7 patients). There was no statistically difference in demographic, clinical, and laboratory comparison between patients with and without anosmia. The presence of anosmia had a sensitivity and a positive predictive value of 0%, but a specificity of 99.14% and a negative predictive value of 98.8%. The accuracy was 97.9%. Conclusions The prevalence of anosmia in our hemodialysis population was low. Any symptoms (including altered sense of smell) should be investigated in TRIAGE as a strategy to detect early individual cases of COVID-19 or an outbreak in hemodialysis units.

4.
Salud UNINORTE ; 37(2): 345-357, mayo-ago. 2021. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1377254

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the roll-over test as a predictor of pre-eclampsia. Methodology: The studied population had a size of 272, with a sample of 262 pregnant women, between 28 and 32 weeks of gestational age, who obtained pre-natal care at the Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital, between January and September of 2017. The ROC curve, and the sensitivity and specificity of the roll-over test to predict pre-eclampsia, were calculated. Results: The prevalence of the roll-over test in this study was 9%, with a 95% confidence interval (5.43 - 12.22). In this study, the ROC curve was determined (0.725 and 0.734, for the first and second measurements, respectively) and found to be statistically significant at the p <0.05 level. The sensitivity of the roll-over test for a cutoff point of 20 mmHg was 60%, and the specificity of 95% also had a PPV of 37% and a NPV of 98%. Differences between the first and second measurements suggest that the second measurement is more sensitive than the first one. Conclusions: The roll-over test is a simple, cost-effective test with potential application in initial evaluation of pre-eclampsia in pregnant women with a history of pre-eclampsia and/ or other risk factors.


RESUMEN Objetivo: determinar la efectividad de la prueba de presión supina como predictor de pre-eclampsia. Metodología: La población del estudio fue de 272 y la muestra consistió en 262 mujeres embarazadas entre 28 y 32 semanas de edad gestacional que obtuvieron atención prenatal en el Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen entre enero y septiembre de 2017. Se realizó la curva ROC y se calculó la sensibilidad y la especificidad de la prueba de vuelco para predecir la pre-eclampsia. Resultados: La prevalencia de la prueba de presión supina en este estudio fue del 9% con un intervalo de confianza del 95% (5,43 - 12,22). En este estudio, se determinó la curva ROC (0,725 y 0,734 para la primera y la segunda medición respectivamente) y se encontró que era estadísticamente significativa al nivel de p <0,05. La sensibilidad de la prueba de presión supina para un punto de corte de 20 mmHg fue del 60% y la especificidad del 95% también tuvo un VPP del 38% y un VPN del 98%. Las diferencias entre la primera y la segunda medición sugieren que la segunda medición es más sensible que la primera. Conclusiones: la prueba de presión supina es una prueba simple y rentable con una posible aplicación en la evaluación inicial de la pre-eclampsia en mujeres embarazadas con antecedentes o pre-eclampsia y / u otros factores de riesgo.

5.
Rev. colomb. nefrol. (En línea) ; 7(supl.2): 119-159, jul.-dic. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | COLNAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1251582

RESUMO

Resumen Introducción: Las personas con diálisis de mantenimiento se consideran una población en alto riesgo de infección por SARS-CoV-2, complicaciones y muerte. La periodicidad de la diálisis, la organización y la demanda en las unidades de diálisis y las limitaciones de alfabetización en salud poblacional limitan el cumplimiento del aislamiento y el distanciamiento social. Objetivo: Desarrollar, mediante un consenso de expertos, recomendaciones informadas en evidencia para la prevención, el diagnóstico y el manejo de la infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión rápida de literatura en Pubmed, Embase y sociedades científicas. La calidad de evidencia fue evaluada según el tipo de estudio incluido. El acuerdo se definió para cada recomendación con umbral de al menos 70% de aprobación. La fuerza de las recomendaciones fue graduada como fuerte o débil. Resultados: El colectivo fue consultado entre el 17 y 19 de mayo de 2020. Se obtuvo respuesta de 44 expertos clínicos que declararon conflicto de interés previo a la consulta. El acuerdo de las recomendaciones estuvo entre 70,5 y 100%. Se presentan las recomendaciones de un colectivo experto para la prevención, el diagnóstico y el manejo de infección por SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica. Conclusión: Debido a la reciente aparición de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 y las incertidumbres respecto a la prevención, el diagnóstico y el manejo, las recomendaciones presentadas se conciben como un estándar colombiano que permita garantizar un cuidado centrado en las personas con enfermedad renal crónica y la protección de los profesionales de la salud.


Abstract Introduction: People with chronic dialysis are considered a population at high risk of SARS CoV2 infection and its derived complications and death. The need to go to strict dialysis schedules, the high demand in the kidney facilities and the difficulties derived from the time and space organization in the rooms in the face to the pandemic added to the difficult learning, teaching and adapting new protocols manifest the needed of standard recommendation according to this problem in people who couldn't have an ideal isolation. Objective: Develop through an expert consensus, evidence-informed recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and management of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 infection in patients with chronic kidney disease on Dialysis. Materials and methods: We carried out a quick literature review, PubMed, Embase and scientific societies were consulted. The quality of the evidence was considered according to the type of study included. The agreement threshold defined for each recommendation was > 70% approval among experts. The strength of the recommendations was rated as strong or weak. Results: Between May 17 and 19, 2020, was conformed a team of 44 clinical experts who declared their interest conflict prior to the consultation. The agreement of the recommendations was between 70.5% and 100%. The recommendations were separated in prevention, early identification, and diagnostic, isolation in hemodialysis facilities and peritoneal dialysis, and team protection. Ethical considerations also were included. Conclusion: Due to the recent appearance of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the uncertainties regarding prevention, diagnosis and management, the recommendations presented are conceived as a Colombian standard that allows guaranteeing focused care for people with chronic kidney disease and the protection of health team.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , COVID-19 , Pacientes , Diálise Renal , Colômbia , Diagnóstico
6.
Folia dermatol. peru ; 22(2): 95-99, mayo-ago. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-665031

RESUMO

El embolismo paradojal es definido como un embolismo arterial sistémico, producido por el pasaje de un trombo venoso al sistema circulatorio arterial, asociado a un cortocircuito derecha-izquierda intracardiaco. Es un fenómeno relativamente raro, representando cerca del 2% de todos los casos de embolismo arterial. Reportamos el caso de una mujer de 20 años de edad con antecedente de varios episodios de síncope, hipertensión pulmonar y foramen oval patente, admitida en el hospital por disnea y dolor abdominal asociado a lesiones tipo placas induradas eritemato-violáceas localizadas en hemiabdomen derecho. La biopsia cutánea reveló vasos sanguíneos venosos trombosados que comprometían dermis e hipodermis produciendo necrosis grasa. En razón a los hallazgos cutáneos y antecedentes de la paciente se postuló el diagnóstico de embolismo paradojal.


Paradoxical embolism is defined as a systemic arterial embolism, produced by the passage of a venous thrombus to blood circulatory system, associated a right-to-left intracardiac shunt. It is relatively rare, representing about 2% of all cases of arterial embolism. We report the case of 20-year-old women with a history of several episodes of syncope, pulmonary hypertension and patent foramen ovale, admitted to the hospital with dyspnea and abdominal pain associated with purplish erythematous indurated plaques located in right abdomen. Skin biopsy revealed thrombosed venous blood vessels that compromise dermis and hypodermis producing fat necrosis. Because the cutaneous findings and previous history of the patient, we diagnosed her with paradoxical embolism.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Embolia Paradoxal , Forame Oval Patente , Trombose Venosa
7.
Folia dermatol. peru ; 20(2): 95-99, mayo-ago. 2009. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-564844

RESUMO

El eritema nodoso es la paniculitis septal más frecuente, su clínica es característica con nódulos contusiformes en miembros inferiores, su curso generalmente es la autoresolución, la evolución crónica es rara y se asocia más a los casos idiopáticos. Se describen múltiples causas de esta patología, la sífilis es una de ellas. En la revisión de literatura se han documentado pocos casos que asocian ambos procesos, los últimos reportes encontrados son de hace más de diez años. Reportamos el caso de un paciente varón de 53 años, agricultor y obrero, quien seis meses antes de su hospitalización presenta nódulos eritematosos de 1-4cm en miembros inferiores y abdomen, que involucionan y aparecen nuevamente. Se encontró serología positiva para sífilis, por lo que recibe tratamiento con penicilina benzatínica con remisión completa de laslesiones en piel. El virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) ha hecho resurgir muchas patologías, dentro de ellas las enfermedades venéreas, y la sífilis no escapa a esto, es por eso la importancia de tener en mente a esta patología como causa de eritema nodoso.


Erythema nodosum is the most frequent septal panniculitis, the clinic is typical; contusiform nodules in lower limbs which usually desapear whithout treatment, chronic evolution i s rare and is more associated with idiopatic cases. There are many causes of this disease, syphilis is one of them. Review of the literature found a few cases that associate both processes, the lastest reports have more than 10 years. We report the case of a 53-year-old male patient, farmer and builder, who 6 months before presented erythematous nodules from 1-4cm in lower limbsand abdomen that disappear and then reappear again. We found positive serology for syphilis, and therefore treated with benzathine penicillin with complete remission of skin lesions. HIV has made rearise many pathologies, among them venereal diseases, and syphilis is no exception to this, there is why the importance of having in mind this disease as a cause of erithema nodosum.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Eritema Nodoso , Paniculite , Sífilis
8.
Dermatol. peru ; 9(2): 16-8, jul.-dic. 1999. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-289552

RESUMO

Se presenta 22 casos de pacientes con cicatrices queloides, a quienes se les administró bleomicina intralesional, obteniendo respuesta aceptable en la mayoría de las lesiones, constituyendo así una terapia útil y accesible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Bleomicina/administração & dosagem , Queloide/terapia , Estudos de Casos e Controles
9.
Folia dermatol. peru ; 20(3): 153-157, sept.-dic. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-568213

RESUMO

El linfoma anaplásico de células grandes cutáneo primario está, junto con la papulosis linfomatoide, entre los linfomas cutáneos más frecuentes luego de la micosis fungoides siendo, en algunos casos, dificil hacer el diagnóstico diferencial entre ambas, asi como con otras entidades CD30+, con implicancias en el manejo y pronóstico. Reportamos el caso de un paciente varón de 79 años quien presentó dos lesiones nodulares en cuero cabelludo, de aparición brusca, en los últimos cuatro meses y desarrolló adenopatias cervicales, teniendo como antecedente importante el estar en tratamiento con ciproterona luego de una orquiectomia bilateral por adenocarcinoma de próstata. Se sospechó de una metástasis cutánea, dado el antecedente, pero el curso clínico con involución luego de la biopsia y la histología e inmunohistoquimica nos permitieron hacer el diagnóstico de linfoma anaplásico de células grandes cutáneo primario con compromiso ganglionar. Es importante tener en cuenta todas las posibilidades diagnósticas en el caso de lesiones solitarias, benignas y malignas, primarias o secundarias, dada la implicancia que tendrá esto en el manejo y pronóstico de nuestros pacientes, siendo necesario realizar los estudios de inmunohistoquimica y análisis genético, en algunos casos, además de tomar en cuenta el curso clínico de la enfermedad.


The anaplastic large cell primary cutaneous lymphoma and lymphomatoid papulosis are the most frequent cutaneous lymphomas, after mycosis fungoides; being, in some cases, difficult to make differential diagnosis between them and whit other CD30+ disorders; with implications for management and prognosis. We report the case of a 79-year-old male patient who presented two nodular lesions on the scalp, of abrupt on set in the last 4 months, and developed cervical lymphadenopathy; the patient was in treatment with cyproterone after bilateral orchiectomy for prostatic adenocarcinoma. We suspected of a cutaneous metastasis, given his history, but the clinical course, with regression after biopsy, histology and immunohistochemistry allowed us to make the diagnosis of primary anaplastic large cell cutaneous lymphoma with nodal involvement it is important to consider all diagnostic possibilities in the case of solitary lesions, benign and malignant, primary or secondary; given the implications this will have on the management and prognosis of patients, being necessary to perform immunohistochemical studies, and genetic analysis in some cases, in addition to taking into account the clinical course of the disease.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Couro Cabeludo , Linfoma Anaplásico de Células Grandes , Papulose Linfomatoide
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