Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy Versus Microdiscectomy for the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation: Pain, Disability, and Complication Rate-A Randomized Clinical Trial.

PURPOSE: The objective was to compare the traditional microdiscectomy with percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for the treatment of disc herniations regarding pain, disability, and complications. METHODS: Randomized clinical trial with 47 patients with disc herniations treated with 2 different surgical techniques: traditional microdiscectomy or percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. Forty-seven patients were divided into 2 groups and monitored for 12 months. Irradiated and low back pain were evaluated with the visual analog scale. Surgery complications were recorded. RESULTS: After surgery, the sciatica and disability improved significantly but without significant differences between the groups. Improvements in back pain were significant until the third month. There were no statistical differences between groups regarding recurrence, infection, and the need for reoperation. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic discectomy results are similar to those of conventional microdiscectomy regarding pain and disability improvement. Postoperative lumbar pain is less intense with endoscopic discectomy than conventional microdiscectomy only during the first 3 months. Endoscopic discectomy is a safe and efficient alternative to microdiscectomy. CLINICAL TRIALS: Trial protocol registration number: RBR-5symrd (http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br).

Clinical and Radiological Results After Minimally Invasive Transpsoas Lateral Access Surgery for Degenerative Lumbar Stenosis.

STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. OBJECTIVE: The lateral transpsoas access is a retroperitoneal approach for the lumbar spine to perform the lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF), an intersomatic arthrodesis performed with a cage placed on the lateral borders of the epiphyseal ring. The procedure can be used to provide indirect decompression of the nervous structures through the discectomy and restoration of the disc height. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the indirect decompression following LLIF both with radiological and clinical parameters. METHODS: Prospective clinical and radiological study in a single center with 20 patients diagnosed with 1- or 2-level degenerative lumbar stenosis. Radiological analysis on magnetic resonance imaging included foramen height, canal area, canal diameter, and disc height. Clinical outcomes included visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) collected up to 12 months. Complications and reoperations were recorded. RESULTS: In total, 25 levels were treated. No reoperation was required. Disc height was increased by an average of 25% (P < .001). The canal area increased from 109 to 149 mm2 (P < .001) and from 9.3 to 12.2 mm (P < .001) in anteroposterior diameter. The foramen area demonstrated the effect of indirect decompression on both sides (P < .001). The height of the foramen showed significant average increase of 2.8 mm (P < .001). The results from VAS and ODI questionnaires confirmed the clinical effect of indirect decompression. CONCLUSION: We observed that indirect decompression by the LLIF method is feasible both radiologically and clinically with a low rate of complications and reoperations.

Functional assessment of patients with cervical myelopathy who underwent surgical treatment / Avaliação funcional de pacientes com mielopatia cervical submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico / Evaluación funcional de los pacientes con mielopatía cervical sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate and correlate the functional response of patients with cervical myelopathy with the current clinical scores in patients who underwent surgical treatment. METHODS: We analyzed medical records of 34 patients with cervical myelopathy who underwent four different types of surgery. All patients were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively with the application of the JOA and Nurick questionnaires. RESULTS: Functional clinical improvement was statistically significant. The mean preoperative JOA was 8.5 ± 3.06 and 10.7 ± 3.9 in the postoperative; Nurick was 3.2 ± 1.1 preoperatively and 2.8 ± 1.3 postoperatively. CONCLUSION: There is benefit with the surgical procedure in patients with cervical myelopathy. The neurological function after surgery depends on the previous function (the higher the duration of the previous symptoms, the greater the progression of the disease and, therefore, worse the neurological function) and the age is not a relevant factor of improvement, as already shown in other series. The clinical functional improvement of patients is visible with surgical treatment, regardless of surgical technique. .

OBJETIVO: Avaliar e correlacionar a resposta funcional dos pacientes com mielopatia cervical com os escores clínicos já existentes, em pacientes que foram submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico. MÉTODOS: Trabalho retrospectivo com análise de 34 prontuários de pacientes portadores de mielopatia cervical que foram submetidos a quatro diferentes tipos de cirurgia. Todos os pacientes foram avaliados no pré e pós-operatório com a aplicação dos questionários de JOA e Nurick. RESULTADOS: A melhora clínica funcional foi estatisticamente relevante. O JOA pré-operatório médio foi de 8,5 ± 3,06 para 10,7 ± 3,9, no pós-operatório e o Nurick foi 3,2 ± 1,1 no pré-operatório e de 2,8 ± 1,3 no pós-operatório. CONCLUSÃO: Há benefício com a realização do tratamento cirúrgico em pacientes com mielopatia cervical, a função neurológica pós-operatória depende da função prévia (quanto maior o tempo de sintomas, maior progressão e, com isso pior a função neurológica) e a idade dos pacientes não é fator relevante de melhora, como já mostrado em outras séries. A melhora funcional clínica dos pacientes, é visível com o tratamento cirúrgico, independente da técnica cirúrgica aplicada. .

OBJETIVO: Evaluar y correlacionar la respuesta funcional de los pacientes con mielopatía cervical con las puntuaciones clínicas vigentes en pacientes sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico. MÉTODOS: Se analizaron los registros médicos de 34 pacientes con mielopatía cervical que se sometieron a cuatro diferentes tipos de cirugía. Todos los pacientes fueron evaluados antes y después de la cirugía con la aplicación de los cuestionarios JOA y Nurick. RESULTADOS: La mejoría clínica funcional fue estadísticamente significativa. El JOA preoperatorio promedio fue de 8,5 ± 3,06 y 10,7 ± 3,9 en el postoperatorio. El Nurick antes de la operación fue 3,2 ± 1,1 y 2,8 ± 1,3 después de la operación. CONCLUSIÓN: Existe beneficio con el tratamiento quirúrgico en pacientes con mielopatía cervical. La función neurológica después de la cirugía depende de la función previa (cuanto mayor sea la duración de los síntomas anteriores, mayor será la progresión de la enfermedad y, por lo tanto, peor es la función neurológica) y la edad no es un factor relevante de la mejora, como ya se ha demostrado en otras series. La mejora clínica funcional de los pacientes es visible con el tratamiento quirúrgico, independientemente de la técnica quirúrgica y esto está directamente relacionado con su condición antes de la cirugía. .