RESUMO
The incidence of obesity especially in Romanian population is presently escalating as a major nutrition and health problem. Clinicians aided by scientists are engaged in research approaches that include heredity aspects linked with behavior, education, applied nutrition studies and clinical therapies in order to prevent, control and reverse obesity. The common goal is to identify areas of basic and clinical research to understand aspects of human biology that may be considered as obesogenic. Regarding these approaches, recent discoveries in genetics, epigenetics and functional genomics, based on advancing technologies, are tools employed to prevent and treat obesity. The purpose of this article is to present the current knowledge of key components of the FTO gene role in the obesogenic system that links genetic, epigenetic and environmental, lifestyle/ diet nutritional and behavioral components and to describe the results obtained by genotyping and interviewing relevant selected groups of Romanian population. FTO rs9939609 genotyping was performed on a Romanian study group of 53 subjects (30 obese, 23 normal). Results have been analyzed in association with obesity parameters and comorbidities in order to identify this polymorphism's effect on body mass in our Caucasian cohort. At the same time, personal history of the subjects in correlation with the FTO genotypes provided important information on the FTO gene's influence on the feeding behavior and food selection of these individuals. In conclusion, the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism has been identified as a common gene variant in our Romanian Caucasian cohort, proving a high association with all the parameters of obesity and obesity comorbidities. The adherence to a Mediterranean diet is benefic for subjects with genetic predisposition for this disorder as long as it is kept for a long period of time along with sustained physical exercise. Association studies are an extremely important tool in understanding the hunger-satiety pathway, providing information on the relation between obesity-related genes, gene expression and behavior.
Assuntos
Predisposição Genética para Doença , Obesidade/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética , Proteínas/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Dioxigenase FTO Dependente de alfa-Cetoglutarato , Criança , Estudos de Coortes , Comorbidade , Feminino , Frequência do Gene/genética , Estudos de Associação Genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mutação , Romênia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Eukaryotes possess a mechanism that generates small interfering RNA (siRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) and use these to regulate gene expression at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level. These small RNAs (21-24nt) are processed from long double-stranded RNA precursors by type III RNase enzymes, referred to as DICER or DICER-LIKE proteins (DCLs). In Arabidopsis, there are four DCL genes and their role in small RNA biogenesis and silencing has been the subject of intense study. DCL2 is less well studied than the other DCL proteins although it is known to play a role in formation of natural antisense siRNA and may be involved in transitive silencing of transgene transcripts. This study provides basic genomic information on DCL2 in the Nicotiana tabacum (NtDCL2) gene family and its probable roles in plant growth and development.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular/genética , Genes de Plantas , Nicotiana/genética , Ribonuclease III/genética , Agrobacterium tumefaciens/genética , Agrobacterium tumefaciens/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/enzimologia , Arabidopsis/genética , Bacteriófago lambda/genética , Bacteriófago lambda/metabolismo , Northern Blotting , Clonagem Molecular , Inativação Gênica , Vetores Genéticos/genética , Vetores Genéticos/metabolismo , Família Multigênica , Folhas de Planta/genética , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/análise , RNA Mensageiro/genética , RNA de Plantas/genética , RNA Interferente Pequeno/genética , RNA Interferente Pequeno/metabolismo , Ribonucleases/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Nicotiana/enzimologia , Nicotiana/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
The prognostic value of systolic time intervals and of other clinical and laboratory parameters was investigated in 68 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (55 males and 13 females; mean age 61 years) over a period of one month after onset of the disease. The statistical analysis of data was made by the STR stepwise regression method, using an IBM--360 computer. Finally the study resulted in a stepwise multiple regression equation with 4 factors of maximum statistical significance in the prognosis of AMI: peak SGOT level, age of patients, uncorrected left ventricular ejection time and index of preejection period. This new prognostic index allows a classification of patients with acute myocardial infarction (starting with the second day after onset) into groups of various severity, thus helping the practitioners in the choice of therapy.
Assuntos
Contração Miocárdica , Infarto do Miocárdio/diagnóstico , Sístole , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Aspartato Aminotransferases/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Volume SistólicoRESUMO
The prognostic value of systolic time intervals and of other clinical and laboratory parameters was investigated in 68 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (55 males and 13 females; mean age 61 years) over a period of one month after onset of the disease. The statistical analysis of data was made by the STR stepwise regression method, using an IBM-360 computer. Finally the study resulted in a stepwise multiple regression equation with 4 factors of maximum statistical significance in the prognosis of AMI: peak SGOT level, age of patients, uncorrected left ventricular ejection time and index of preejection period. This new prognostic index allows a classification of patients with acute myocardial infarction (starting with the second day after onset) into groups of various severity, thus helping the practitioners in the choice of therapy.