Copper- and Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions for the Synthesis of N-Fused Benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole Derivatives via Substituted trans-1,2-Diiodoalkenes, 1H-Benzo[d]imidazole-2-thiols, and Halobenzenes.

Two transition metal (Cu and Pd)-catalyzed C-S, C-N, and C-C bond cross-coupling reactions for the preparation of N-fused benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives were developed. A variety of 3-substituted and 2,3-disubstituted benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles were efficiently and conveniently synthesized from the coupling reaction via trans-1,2-diiodoalkenes, 1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-thiols, and halobenzenes in moderate to excellent yields.

Solid-State Construction of CuO-Cu2O@C with Synergistic Effects of Pseudocapacity and Carbon Coating for Enhanced Electrochemical Lithium Storage.

The pseudocapacitive effect can improve the electrochemical lithium storage capacity at high-rate current density. However, the cycle stability is still unsatisfactory. To overcome this issue, a multivalent oxide with a carbon coating represents a plausible technique. In this work, a CuO-Cu2O@C composite has been constructed by a one-step bilayer salt-baking process and utilized as anode material for lithium-ion batteries. At a current density of 2.0 A g-1, the as-prepared composite delivered a stable discharge capacity of 431.8 mA h g-1 even after 600 cycles. The synergistic effects of the multivalence, the pseudocapacitive contribution from copper, and the carbon coating contribute to the enhanced electrochemical lithium storage performance. Specifically, the existence of cuprous suboxide improves the electrochemical conductivity, the pseudocapacitive effect enhances the lithium storage capacity, and the presence of carbon ensures cycle stability. The testing results show that CuO-Cu2O@C composite has broad application prospects in portable energy storage devices. The present work provides an instructive precedent for the preparation of transition metal oxides with controllable electronic states and excellent electrochemical performance.

Study on the Synthesis of Mn3o4 Nanooctahedrons and Their Performance for Lithium Ion Batteries.

Among the transition metal oxides, the Mn3O4 nanostructure possesses high theoretical specific capacity and lower operating voltage. However, the low electrical conductivity of Mn3O4 decreases its specific capacity and restricts its application in the energy conversion and energy storage. In this work, well-shaped, octahedron-like Mn3O4 nanocrystals were prepared by one-step hydrothermal reduction method. Field emission scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, and Fourier transformation infrared spectrometer were applied to characterize the morphology, the structure, and the composition of formed product. The growth mechanism of Mn3O4 nano-octahedron was studied. Cyclic voltammograms, galvanostatic charge-discharge, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and rate performance were used to study the electrochemical properties of obtained samples. The experimental results indicate that the component of initial reactants can influence the morphology and composition of the formed manganese oxide. At the current density of 1.0 A g-1, the discharge specific capacity of as-prepared Mn3O4 nano-octahedrons maintains at about 450 mAh g-1 after 300 cycles. This work proves that the formed Mn3O4 nano-octahedrons possess an excellent reversibility and display promising electrochemical properties for the preparation of lithium-ion batteries.

N'-[4-(Dimethyl-amino)benzyl-idene]benzohydrazide.

In the title mol-ecule, C(16)H(17)N(3)O, the two aromatic rings form a dihedral angle of 4.51 (18)°. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol-ecules related by translation along the a axis into ribbons.

Study on the oxidation of fibrinogen using Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles and its influence to the formation of fibrin.

Oxidative stress accompanies various diseases associated with chronic inflammation. In this work, H2O2 and H2O2-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were used as two reactive oxygen species to study the oxidative stress for the structure and polymerization behaviour of fibrinogen molecules. The alterations of secondary structure and component of fibrinogen molecule were characterized by circular dichroism spectra, ultraviolet-visible spectra and fluorescence spectra, the viscoelasticity of fibrinogen solution was studied by dynamic light scattering microrheology. Based on the molecular dynamics simulations and fluorescence properties, the possible oxidative stress sites were analyzed and confirmed by Tb3+ probe. The hydrophobicity/philicity and electrostatic net charges present on the exterior part of the fibrinogen molecules were measured with zeta potential. The height and image analysis obtained from atomic force microscope indicated that oxidative stress of fibrinogen molecules could influence the equilateral junctions of protofibrils and the different cross-linking patterns between the α- and γ-chains, result in the decrease of the fibre size, form a higher proportion of branching and a denser aggregation state. This study will provide insights into the misfolding and fibril formation of disease-associated fibrinogen, facilitate an increased understanding of how oxidative stress in vivo affects the formation and polymerization of fibrin, and support efforts for the improved treatment of patients suffering from the thrombotic disease.

AIBN-Promoted Synthesis of Bibenzo[ b][1,4]thiazines by the Condensation of 2,2'-Dithiodianiline with Methyl Aryl Ketones.

A series of bibenzo[ b][1,4]thiazines with various functional groups has been synthesized by a free-radical condensation reaction. Bibenzo[ b][1,4]thiazines were obtained in moderate to good yield (up to 85%) through a one-step reaction of readily available 2,2'-dithiodianiline and methyl aryl ketones with AIBN as radical initiator in HOAc. Bibenzo[ b][1,4]thiazines exhibit diversiform solid-state packing.