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1.
J Obstet Gynaecol Can ; 33(6): 588-597, 2011 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21846448

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To examine the ability of three different proteinuria assessment methods (urinary dipstick, spot urine protein:creatinine ratio [Pr/Cr], and 24-hour urine collection) to predict adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: We performed a prospective multicentre cohort study, PIERS (Preeclampsia Integrated Estimate of RiSk), in seven academic tertiary maternity centres practising expectant management of preeclampsia remote from term in Canada, New Zealand, and Australia. Eligible women were those admitted with preeclampsia who had at least one antenatal proteinuria assessment by urinary dipstick, spot urine Pr/Cr ratio, and/or 24-hour urine collection. Proteinuria assessment was done either visually at the bedside (by dipstick) or by hospital clinical laboratories for spot urine Pr/Cr and 24-hour urine collection. We calculated receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (95% CI) for each proteinuria method and each of the combined adverse maternal outcomes (within 48 hours) or adverse perinatal outcomes (at any time). Models with AUC ≥ 0.70 were considered of interest. Analyses were run for all women who had each type of proteinuria assessment and for a cohort of women ("ALL measures") who had all three proteinuria assessments. RESULTS: More women were proteinuric by urinary dipstick (≥ 2+, 61.4%) than by spot urine Pr/Cr (≥ 30 g/mol, 50.4%) or 24-hour urine collection (≥ 0.3g/d, 34.7%). Each proteinuria measure evaluated had some discriminative power, and dipstick proteinuria (categorical) performed as well as other methods. No single method was predictive of adverse perinatal outcome. CONCLUSION: The measured amount of proteinuria should not be used in isolation for decision-making in women with preeclampsia. Dipstick proteinuria performs as well as other methods of assessing proteinuria for prediction of adverse events.


Assuntos
Pré-Eclâmpsia/urina , Resultado da Gravidez , Proteinúria/diagnóstico , Adulto , Estudos de Coortes , Creatinina/urina , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Pré-Eclâmpsia/diagnóstico , Gravidez , Estudos Prospectivos , Curva ROC , Fitas Reagentes , Fatores de Risco , Coleta de Urina/métodos
2.
Obstet Gynecol ; 104(4): 805-23, 2004 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15458906

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To summarize published data about abdominal sacrocolpopexy and to highlight areas about which data are lacking. DATA SOURCES: We conducted a literature search on MEDLINE using Ovid and PubMed, from January,1966 to January, 2004, using search terms "sacropexy," "sacrocolpopexy," "sacral colpopexy," "colpopexy," "sacropexy," "colposacropexy," "abdominal sacrocolpopexy" "pelvic organ prolapse and surgery," and "vaginal vault prolapse or surgery" and included articles with English-language abstracts. We examined reference lists of published articles to identify other articles not found on the electronic search. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: We examined all studies identified in our search that provided any outcome data on sacrocolpopexy. Because of the substantial heterogeneity of outcome measures and follow-up intervals in case studies, we did not apply meta-analytic techniques to the data. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Follow-up duration for most studies ranged from 6 months to 3 years. The success rate, when defined as lack of apical prolapse postoperatively, ranged from 78-100% and when defined as no postoperative prolapse, from 58-100%. The median reoperation rates for pelvic organ prolapse and for stress urinary incontinence in the studies that reported these outcomes were 4.4% (range 0-18.2%) and 4.9% (range 1.2% to 30.9%), respectively. The overall rate of mesh erosion was 3.4% (70 of 2,178). Some reports found more mesh erosions when concomitant total hysterectomy was done, whereas other reports did not. There were no data to either support or refute the contentions that concomitant culdoplasty or paravaginal repair decreased the risk of failure. Most authors recommended burying the graft under the peritoneum to attempt to decrease the risk of bowel obstruction; despite this, the median rate (when reported) of small bowel obstruction requiring surgery was 1.1% (range 0.6% to 8.6%). Few studies rigorously assessed pelvic symptoms, bowel function, or sexual function. CONCLUSION: Sacrocolpopexy is a reliable procedure that effectively and consistently resolves vaginal vault prolapse. Patients should be counseled about the low, but present risk, of reoperation for prolapse, stress incontinence, and complications. Prospective trials are needed to understand the effect of sacrocolpopexy on functional outcomes.


Assuntos
Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Sacro/cirurgia , Técnicas de Sutura , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urogenitais/métodos , Prolapso Uterino/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Resultado do Tratamento , Estados Unidos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urogenitais/efeitos adversos
3.
Obstet Gynecol ; 102(6): 1283-90, 2003 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14662216

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hypothesis that the architecture of the bony pelvis differs between women with and without pelvic floor disorders. METHODS: We designed a case-control study of women who had undergone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis at our institution. Records were reviewed to identify women with and without pelvic floor disorders (urinary or anal incontinence, other symptoms of urinary tract dysfunction, or pelvic organ prolapse). Pelvimetry techniques were standardized. Relevant measures included transverse diameter of the inlet, angle of the pubic arch, intertuberous diameter, interspinous diameter, sacrococcygeal length, depth of sacral curvature, anteroposterior conjugate, obstetrical conjugate, and anteroposterior outlet. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify women with pelvic floor disorders as a function of their pelvic dimensions, controlling for potentially confounding variables. RESULTS: Subjects included 59 women with pelvic floor disorders and 39 women without pelvic floor disorders. Women with pelvic floor disorders had a wider transverse inlet, wider intertuberous diameter, wider interspinous diameter, greater sacrococcygeal length, deeper sacral curvature, and narrower anteroposterior outlet. When controlling for the confounding effects of age, race, and parity, we found that a wider transverse inlet (odds ratio 3.425) and a shorter obstetrical conjugate (odds ratio 0.233) were significantly associated with pelvic floor disorders. CONCLUSION: A wide transverse inlet and narrow obstetrical conjugate are associated with pelvic floor disorders. We speculate that these features of bony pelvic architecture may predispose the patient to neuromuscular and connective tissue injuries, leading to the development of pelvic floor disorders.


Assuntos
Ossos Pélvicos/patologia , Diafragma da Pelve , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Musculares/complicações
4.
Neurourol Urodyn ; 26(7): 1030-5, 2007.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17638306

RESUMO

AIMS: To (1) compare voiding parameters and (2) correlate symptoms and urodynamic findings in women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and varying degrees of urethral competence. METHODS: We compared three groups of women with stages II-IV POP. Groups 1 and 2 were symptomatically stress continent women participating in the Colpopexy and Urinary Reduction Efforts (CARE) trial; during prolapse reduction before sacrocolpopexy, Group 1 (n = 67) did not have and Group 2 (n = 84) had urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) during prolapse reduction. Group 3 participants (n = 74), recruited specifically for this study, had stress urinary incontinence (SUI) symptoms and planned sacrocolpopexy. Participants completed standardized uroflowmetry, pressure voiding studies, and validated symptom questionnaires. RESULTS: Subjects' median age was 61 years, median parity 3 and 87% had stage III or IV POP. Fourteen percent of women in Group 3 demonstrated USI without, and 70% with, prolapse reduction. Women in Groups 2 and 3 had more detrusor overactivity (DO) than Group 1 (17 and 24% vs. 6%, P = 0.02) and detrusor overactivity incontinence (DOI) (15 and 8% vs. 0%, P = 0.004). Based on the Blaivis-Groutz nomogram, 60% of all women were obstructed. Post-void residual volume (PVR), peak flow rate, detrusor pressure at peak flow, voiding mechanisms, voiding patterns, obstruction and urinary retention did not differ among groups. Women in Group 3 had higher irritative and obstructive symptom scores than Group 1 or 2; neither score differed by presence of DO nor obstruction, respectively. CONCLUSION: Women with POP have significant rates of urodynamic obstruction and retention, independent of their continence status. Symptoms of obstruction and retention correlate poorly with urodynamic findings.


Assuntos
Uretra/fisiologia , Micção/fisiologia , Prolapso Uterino/fisiopatologia , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Incontinência Urinária por Estresse/etiologia , Incontinência Urinária por Estresse/fisiopatologia , Urodinâmica , Prolapso Uterino/complicações , Vagina/cirurgia
5.
Control Clin Trials ; 24(5): 629-42, 2003 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14500059

RESUMO

The primary aim of this randomized clinical trial is to evaluate whether a standardized modified Burch colposuspension, when added to planned abdominal sacrocolpopexy for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse, improves the rate of urinary stress continence in subjects without preoperative symptoms of stress urinary incontinence. Secondary aims include comparison of immediate and short-term complications, overall urinary tract function, and other aspects of pelvic health between subjects with and without a concomitant Burch. The value of preoperative urodynamic testing with prolapse reduction will also be compared between subjects with and without a concomitant Burch. This trial is performed through the Pelvic Floor Disorders Network, which is funded by the National Institutes of Health-National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Subjects will be enrolled at seven clinical centers across the United States and data will be analyzed by the central data coordinating center. Standardized questionnaires and physical observations and measurements will be obtained. The surgical team is masked to the preoperative urodynamic findings, and the patient and research coordinator are masked to treatment assignment. The primary outcome will be determined at 3 months after surgery. Stress continence is defined as absence of stress incontinence symptoms by questionnaire, a negative standardized stress test, and no treatment for stress incontinence other than the study intervention. Additional follow-up occurs at 6, 12, and 24 months. Accrual began in April 2002 and is projected to take 3 years. As of March 6, 2003, 91 patients have been randomized. This article highlights the scientific aspects of trial design for this pivotal clinical trial. The optimal approach to the urinary tract in women treated surgically for prolapse is not known. This trial is designed to provide pelvic surgeons and their patients with scientific data regarding the utility of urodynamics with and without prolapse reduction and the role of colposuspension with sacrocolpopexy.


Assuntos
Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto/métodos , Incontinência Urinária por Estresse/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urogenitais , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Qualidade de Vida , Distribuição Aleatória , Projetos de Pesquisa , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Inquéritos e Questionários , Técnicas de Sutura , Resultado do Tratamento , Incontinência Urinária por Estresse/fisiopatologia , Urodinâmica
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