[Video-assisted pneumonectomies: lessons learned from an experimental study on an animal model]. / Pneumonectomies vidéo-assistées: enseignements tirés d'une étude expérimentale sur un modèle animal.

In order to test the feasibility of video-assisted pneumonectomy, we conducted an experimental study in an animal model. We performed 12 attempts of video-assisted pneumonectomy (7 on the right side and 5 on the left side) in pigs with an average weight of 43.5 kg. We used a combined technique of conventional and endoscopic dissection. A complication-free pneumonectomy was possible in 7 animals. Among the remaining 5 animals, 6 vascular injuries occurred, one of which was lethal. Two other animals died during the procedure for unknown reasons. We conclude that: 1) the vascular risk of video-assisted pneumonectomy appears to be prohibitive; 2) the value of animal models for vats feasibility studies is questionable because of the major differences in anatomical conditions.

[Endobronchial hemostasis with a Fogarthy catheter]. / Hémostase endo-bronchique par sonde de Fogarthy.

In a case of profuse and persistent traumatic haemoptysis uncontrolled by thoracotomy, haemostasis was achieved by introducing a Fogarthy's catheter under bronchoscopy into the bronchus involved. Some practical details facilitating the procedure are given, e.g. a rigid bronchoscopic tube should be used instead of a fiberoscope; the catheter should be introduced between the vocal cords along the tube and not inside it.

[J. Evan's operation for stenosis caused by cricoid chondronecrosis]. / L'opération de J. Evans dans les sténoses par chondro-nécrose cricoïdienne.

Five further cases of subglottic stenosis after intubation are reported. Lesions were due to chondrolysis of the cricoid cartilage: associating an Evans type anterior laryngotracheoplasty (the principle of which is recalled) with the posterior cricoid incision of the Rethi-Aboulker type produced a marked improvement in the results of posterior laryngoplasty performed alone.

[Long term results of dilatation using the tube-bougie method in stenosis following caustic oesophagitis (author's transl)]. / Résultats à long terme de la dilatation par la méthode des sondes-bougies des sténoses après oesophagite caustique.

The tube-bougie methode suggested by the authors ten years ago for dilatation of oesophageal stenosis is based upon the fact that the instrument dilates only in the oesophagus itself and that it consists, on the one hand at the level of the stomach and secondly at the level of the nose and pharynx of a tube a small calibre which makes it possible to leave the dilating instrument in place for far longer periods (24 to 48 hours) than conventional bougies, increasing the interval between dilatation sessions. This technique has been used several hundred times for various indications, but only 6 cases of caustic oesophagitis (with a total of 440 dilatations) each patient being followed up for more than three and a half years, have been studied in order to determine the effectiveness of the method. Amongst the causes of recurrent stenosis or of an imperfect long term result, the authors stress the role of the reflux of gastric fluid and above all of progressive fibroinflammatory mediastinitis.

[Cervicofacial infections due to atypical mycobacteria and tuberculous lymph nodes]. / Infections cervico-faciales à mycobactéries atypiques et tuberculose ganglionnaire.

Cold abscesses in the cervical region, without associated general and functional signs, may be tuberculous lymph nodes or infected foci due to atypical mycobacteria. In the former, long-term antibiotic therapy, possibly followed by surgery conducted under conditions applicable to curettage for these lesions, is formally indicated. Treatment is of only moderate value in the second case, and spontaneous healing without other than esthetic sequelae usually occurs. These two lesions are quite different, therefore, but this was not recognized, and confusion still exists in many cases, for two reasons. Firstly, acid-alcohol-resistant bacilli are found in the pus in both cases, and a distinction cannot be made between them without culture. Secondly, pathological examination of specimens removed demonstrates identical appearances. The only way to distinguish between the two lesions, and to avoid excessively long or aggressive treatment, is by means of bacterial culture.

[Island flaps of the face]. / Les lambeaux en ilots du visage.

The authors recall their experience about 42 cases of island flaps for surgical defects after dermatologic epithelioma of the face. Surgical technic is described, the design, implementation and anatomy of subcutaneous flap are discussed and illustrated.

[Use of tomodensitometry in the evaluation of the extension of certain laryngeal cancers]. / Utilisation de la tomodensitométrie dans le bilan d'extension de certains cancers laryngés.

Radiopathological examinations were conducted on a frozen laryngeal specimen to determine its characteristics as seen on the CT scan image. Results of CT scan imaging of 37 patients with laryngeal cancer were then compared with results of clinicopathological examination in 20 cases (after fixation and decalcification, the 20 samples were sectioned in axial planes reproducing those of the CT scan as for as possible). The results of computed tomography are conclusive for investigation of tumoral extension to the hyothyo-epiglottic space, and may lead to modification of therapy; they are of marked value for assessment of tumoral extension to the laryngeal cartilages, with the reservation that ossification of these cartilages must be taken into account. Furthermore, they enable assessment of subglottal extension when the respiratory state of the patient or the size of tumor makes it impossible to perform direct laryngoscopy.

[The role of cytomegalovirus in infantile deafness and deafness of unknown origin]. / Le Rôle du cytomégalovirus dans la surdité du nourrisson et sa place dans les surdités d'étiologie méconnue.

It is widely accepted that the cause of congenital deafness is genetic in one third of cases roughly, is due to acquired affections during pregnancy or delivery in another third and remains unknown in the last third. It is possible that the cytomegalovirus (CMV) plays an important role in the latter group. The CMV is thought to be involved in 10 to 30% of cases of auditory sequelae from fetal infection, either severe neonatal CMV-induced disease, which is rare, or the frequent subclinical infections affecting an average of 1% of newborn infants. The only certain way to determine the importance of the role of CMV in deafness of unknown etiology is large-scale neonatal biologic screening followed by long-term audiologic surveillance: currently available documented data suggest that this role is very important.

[Branchio-oto-renal malformation syndrome (author's transl)]. / Le syndrome malformatif branchio-oto-rénal. A propos de 5 observations.

After a brief review of the dysgenetic abnormalities which may affect the ear, branchial arches and pouches and the kidneys, the authors summarise those syndromes associating abnormalities of the ear and kidney on the one hand, and secondly abnormalities of the ear and facial and cervical fistulae. However, they are specifically interested in the branchio-oto-renal syndrome, reporting 5 cases. The syndrome combines deafness (middle ear and inner ear), pre-auricular and cervical fistulae and renal abnormalities. They attempt to summarise the syndrome by combining these 5 cases with the 15 published previously (4 initial cases of Melnick in 1974, 4 cases of Fitch in 1976, 7 of Fraser in 1978). The genetically transmissible nature of the syndrome would appear to be beyond doubt. The branchio-oto-renal syndrome was described for the first time in 1974 by Melnick, Bixter and Silk, who reported its existence in a father and three of his children, with an association of a malformation of the middle ear (block of the stapes), of the inner ear (cochlear hypoplasia), bilateral pre-auricular fistulae, bilateral cervical fistulae and renal hypoplasia with or without displasia. In 1974, Fitch and Srolowitz reported 4 new cases, and Fraser, Ling, Ologe and Nogrady a further 7 in 1978. The 5 cases published here bring the total known number to 20.

[2 cases of "ganglionic sinusal histiocytosis". A new term in cervical and rhino-pharyngo-laryngeal pathology?]. / Deux case "d'histiocytose sinusale ganglionnaire". Une rubique nouvelle en pathologie cervicale et rhino-pharngo-laryngée

By 1974, Rosai, who is keeping a world-wide register of a condition described for the first time in France by Destombes, had collected 60 cases: the condition is called ganglionic sinusal lipid histiocytosis. The disease manifests itself principally in the form of adenopathies, usually cervical adenopathies, showing intermittent development over several years. It is rarely found in the viscera. The authors describe two cases, one typically confined to the ganglia, the other naso-ganglionic.

[Lyme disease, an infectious cause of facial paralysis. Apropos of a case]. / La maladie de Lyme, une cause infectieuse de paralysie faciale. A propos d'une observation.

A case of facial palsy first unilateral then bilateral, due to Lyme disease, is reported. This disease, transmitted by ticks, is caused by a spirochete (Borrelia burgdorferi) known as the etiologic agent since 1982.

[Treatment of Dubreuilh's melanosis. Apropos of 30 cases]. / Le traitement de la mélanose de Dubreuilh. A propos de 30 cas.

Dubreuilh's melanosis or circumscribed melanosis is a current disease of the old patient's face. The therapeutical attitude should be surgical and as earlier as possible. A 5 millimeter cutaneous margin must be resected around this lesion. A review of 30 cases is made.