Is testicular tissue resection effective in testicular compartment syndrome?

Background: There have been many testicular losses due to testicular compartment syndrome (TCS). Studies are ongoing to lower the pressure within tunica vaginalis during TCS. Aims: To provide enough space for reperfusion of the testicular tissue and to reduce intratesticular pressure by resecting testicular tissue in the affected testis for treatment of TCS. Materials and Methods: The study was designed as a prospective randomized animal study. A total of 24 Wistar albino adult rats were randomly divided into three groups. After torsion surgery group 1 underwent detorsion + testicular tissue resection (TTR), while only detorsion was performed in group 2. The control group did not undergo any procedures. At the postoperative 5th day all subjects were sacrificed, and their testes were evaluated in terms of histologic findings, apoptosis, and microangiogenesis. One-way ANOVA and Tukey's test were used for analysis. Results: According to Johnsen scores, all the groups were statistically different from each other and the damage in group 1 was less than in group 2 (P < 0.05). Factor VIII expressions in surgical groups were significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). However, the surgical groups did not show any significant difference between each other (P > 0.05). Apoptotic cell counts were higher in both surgical groups than in the control group. Also, there was significantly higher apoptotic cell count in group 2 than in group 1 (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The injury secondary to TCS is lower when TTR is performed. In the cases in which tunica vaginalis graft could not be obtained or in the delayed cases, TTR may be useful.

Histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical effects of bee bread on stomach tissue of obese rats.

Obesity is a major health problem threatening humanity in medical, social and psychological dimensions. In this study, we aimed to determine the histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical effects of bee bread, added to diets of obese rats in different doses, on leptin and ghrelin expression. In the study, 40 female Sprague‒Dawley (200‒250 g) rats were randomly divided into 5 equal groups and then assigned to control and obesity groups. The obesity group consisted of four subgroups: high­fat diet group, 100 and 200 mg/kg/bw groups, and metformin group. Histopathological evaluation revealed structural deterioration and necrotic areas in the epithelium and glands of the obese rats' stomach tissue, while in their serum and gastric tissues, the MDA level was significantly higher than in the other groups. There was a negative correlation between leptin and ghrelin levels. Apoptotic cells increased with obesity, but the application of beebread was similarly effective as metformin administration in reducing this increase (Tab. 5, Fig. 4, Ref. 51). Keywords: bee bread, leptin, ghrelin, stomach, obesity, rat.

Detection of antitumoral effects of quercetin through protein synthesis associated with argyrophilic nucleolar-regulating region.

Quercetin is a natural flavonoid with potential anticancer properties without significant cytotoxicity in normal tissues. However, the effects of quercetin on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) have not yet been clarified. The study aimed to show the antitumoral effect of quercetin through argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) protein synthesis in mice carrying EAC. Thirty mice were used in the experiment (negative control (n = 6), tumor control (n = 8), quercetin 50 mg/kg (n = 8), and quercetin 100 mg/kg (n = 8) intravenously). The animals were euthanized on the 14th day, and the solid tumors were removed. Then, the total AgNOR area/nuclear area (TAA/NA) and average AgNOR number were calculated for each mice and the immunoreactivity of the factor VIII protein in tumor was evaluated. Tumor volumes and animal weights were statistically significant compared to the tumor control group (p < 0.05). Statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of TAA/NA ratio (p < 0.05). Factor VIII expressions decreased in quercetin groups compared to control tumor tissue (p < 0.05). The current study showed that quercetin has an important function against cancer development.