RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) and weight management are critical for cardiovascular disease (CVD) secondary prevention. However, PA adherence during or after cardiac rehabilitation is low. Here, we assess the feasibility and acceptability of the Australian football-themed Aussie Fans in Training (Aussie-FIT) program and associated trial procedures when adapted for men with CVD. METHOD: A pragmatic randomised control trial, with waitlist control arm, and follow-up measures at 3 and 6 months. Men with a CVD diagnosis and body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 were recruited from community and clinical settings, and randomised, following baseline measures of health and health behaviours. The intervention arm attended 12 face-to-face football-themed education and PA sessions. Feasibility (recruitment, retention, attendance, and adherence to trial procedures) was assessed via mixed methods. RESULTS: A total of 74% (64/86) of participants expressing interest met the eligibility criteria. Of those, 49 men (mean age=61.4, standard deviation=9.5, mean body mass index=31.3, standard deviation=4.2) were randomised. Program attendance rates (87% attended ≥80% of sessions) and retention (92%) were high. Trial retention at the primary end point (3 months) was high (86%) and at the 6-month follow-ups reduced to 67%. Program and trial procedures were acceptable, except for the request to visit a pathologist for the blood draw. CONCLUSIONS: Using a football theme and setting may be a feasible way to engage men with CVD in health behaviour change. Given the existing pilot evidence for men at risk of CVD, and that recruitment rates were under the target, trialling a program for men with or at risk of CVD is recommended.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine constitution and physical properties of a prototype material based on Portland cement and assess biocompatibility compared with glass-ionomer cement by evaluating cell morphology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analysis of the material was performed using energy dispersive analysis (EDAX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Compressive strength and the effect of changing the mixing and curing conditions on the compressive strength of the materials were evaluated. Dimensional stability was evaluated by measuring water uptake of the materials. Biocompatibility was assessed at 1 and 28 days using a cell-culture technique and semi-quantitative cell morphological evaluation was performed by SEM. RESULTS: Analysis of the material showed that it was primarily composed of tricalcium silicate and dicalcium silicate. The compressive strength of the prototype cement and variants was comparable to Ketac Molar (47.98 N mm(-2) after 1 day, P>0.05). Vacuum mixing did not improve the compressive strength of the prototype cements at any age. Wet curing was detrimental to the neat cement at 1 day (35.98 N mm(-2), P=0.011) and 7 days (44.08 N mm(-2), P=0.025). The filler-replaced cement prototypes were more stable and less susceptible to changes in compressive strength by varying the curing method (P>0.05). The prototype material took up more water (0.9%) than glass-ionomer cement (1.7%) with P=0 after 1 day. Curing at 100% humidity resulted in a net loss of weight for all the materials tested. The test materials were less biocompatible than glass-ionomer cement at 1 day but their biocompatibility improved as the material aged. CONCLUSIONS: The constitution of the prototype material was broadly similar to that of mineral trioxide aggregate. The prototype cement could be a potential dental restorative material as its compressive strength compared well to an established restorative material. However, the material did not support cell growth, with biocompatibility being similar to that of glass-ionomer cement.