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1.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38586884

RESUMO

ISSUE ADDRESSED: There is considerable evidence that public stigma around mental illness inhibits help-seeking for mental health problems. Hence there have been many interventions and campaigns designed to reduce stigma around mental illness. However, as far as could be ascertained, none of these stigma reduction interventions has reported any substantial impact of reducing stigma on people's mental health help-seeking behaviours. The aim of this paper is to report on the impact of the Act-Belong-Commit positive mental health promotion Campaign on help-seeking via increasing perceived openness around mental health and reducing perceived stigma around mental illness. METHODS: State-wide computer assisted telephone interviews (CATIs) of the general adult population were undertaken in 2018 and 2019 (N = 600 adults per year). The questionnaire included measures of respondents' awareness of the Act-Belong-Commit Campaign, their beliefs about the Campaign's impact on mental illness stigma and openness around mental health issues, and whether they had sought help for or information about a mental health problem as a result of their exposure to the Campaign. RESULTS: Those who believed the Act-Belong-Commit Campaign increased openness around mental health issues were significantly more likely than those not holding this belief to have sought information about mental health and to have sought help for a mental health problem as a result of their exposure to the Campaign. Those who believed the Act-Belong-Commit Campaign decreased stigma around mental illness versus those not holding this belief were significantly more likely to have sought information, and more likely, but not significantly so, to have sought help as a result of their exposure to the Campaign. Overall, the effect was slightly greater for increased openness. CONCLUSION: As far as we are aware, these are the first reported findings of a positive impact on mental health help-seeking behaviours as a result of a population-wide mental health promotion Campaign being seen to have increased openness around mental health and decreased stigma around mental illness. SO WHAT?: These findings suggest that accompanying specific stigma reduction interventions with a broad-based, population-wide, positive mental health promotion Campaign such as the Act-Belong-Commit campaign, could amplify these interventions' impact on help-seeking by increasing openness about mental health issues.

2.
Health Promot J Austr ; 35(1): 134-143, 2024 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37026183

RESUMO

PURPOSE: Australian Indigenous people conceptualise health broadly as situated within a social and emotional well-being (SEWB) framework. A consultation process with an Aboriginal community revealed that the fundamental principles of the population wide, community-based Act-Belong-Commit mental health promotion Campaign were consistent with Aboriginal people's understanding of SEWB and that a cultural adaptation of the Campaign would be welcomed in the community. The purpose of this paper is to present key stakeholders' feedback on the Campaign adaptation. METHODOLOGY: Two years after implementation of the Campaign, individual in-depth interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample of n = 18 Indigenous and non-Indigenous stakeholders to identify ongoing issues in the community and assess their reactions to the Campaign implementation and perceptions of the effects of the Campaign on the community. RESULTS: The two primary factors influencing stakeholder acceptance of the Campaign in the community were (i) the nature of the consultation process that clearly acknowledged that it was for the community to decide whether or not to adopt the Campaign and (ii) the ability of the Aboriginal Project Manager to gain the trust of the community, bring stakeholders together and illustrate the Act-Belong-Commit principles in her actions in the community. Stakeholders reported observing social and emotional well-being benefits for individuals, their families and the whole community. CONCLUSION: Overall, the results suggest that the Act-Belong-Commit mental health promotion Campaign can be successfully culturally adapted as a community-based, social and emotional well-being Campaign in Aboriginal and Torres Strait communities. SO WHAT?: The Act-Belong-Commit cultural adaptation in Roebourne provides an evidence-based best practice model for the development of culturally appropriate mental health promotion campaigns in Indigenous communities around Australia.


Assuntos
Povos Aborígenes Australianos e Ilhéus do Estreito de Torres , Assistência à Saúde Culturalmente Competente , Serviços de Saúde do Indígena , Bem-Estar Psicológico , Feminino , Humanos , Austrália , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Povos Indígenas , Emoções
3.
Health Promot J Austr ; 34(1): 232-236, 2023 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35388948

RESUMO

ISSUE ADDRESSED: Despite the high prevalence of mental ill-health amongst Australians, many people do not seek help for their mental ill-health. A delay in help-seeking is associated with poorer outcomes. This study investigated the extent to which the Act-Belong-Commit mental health promotion campaign prompted people to seek information or professional help for mental ill-health. METHODS: A sample of 1200 respondents took part in two state-wide surveys (n = 600 each). Participants aware of the Act-Belong-Commit campaign were asked questions related to information-seeking and help-seeking behaviours because of the campaign. RESULTS: Of those aware of the campaign, 8% stated that the campaign prompted them to seek information and 4% stated that the campaign prompted them to seek help for a mental health problem. Those with a mental illness experience (MIE) were significantly more likely than those without to report that the campaign prompted them to look for information (12% vs 6%) and seek help for a mental health problem (9.5% vs 1.2%). Extrapolating these results to the total adult population of Western Australia indicated that around 120 000 adults had sought mental health information, and around 60 000 had sought help as a result of the campaign. CONCLUSIONS: The campaign not only initiated the seeking of information or professional help for a mental health problem amongst those with no prior thoughts of such, but also prompted those who were already thinking about seeking information or getting help to act sooner than they otherwise would. SO WHAT?: Although previous research suggests that mental health literacy interventions have limited impact on help-seeking, the presented data show that the Act-Belong-Commit approach can have a significant impact on help-seeking, particularly amongst those with a MIE, which could yield substantial social and economic return on investment benefits if intensified at both the media and community grass roots levels.


Assuntos
Comportamento de Busca de Ajuda , Transtornos Mentais , Adulto , Humanos , Saúde Mental , Austrália , Transtornos Mentais/terapia , Austrália Ocidental , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/psicologia
4.
Handb Exp Pharmacol ; 272: 39-52, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34697667

RESUMO

Antiproliferative agents include Mycophenolic acid and Azathioprine (which is less commonly used unless in certain conditions). They were initially identified for use in autoimmune and cancer research due to their role in disruption of cellular replication. They have now become the cornerstone of antirejection maintenance therapy in solid organ transplant. In this chapter we will describe the major times that lead to discovery, mechanisms of action, side effects, use during pregnancy and the major clinical trials.


Assuntos
Rejeição de Enxerto , Imunossupressores , Humanos , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Ácido Micofenólico/farmacologia , Ácido Micofenólico/uso terapêutico
5.
BMC Palliat Care ; 21(1): 161, 2022 Sep 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36114542

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: There is limited literature around how palliative care organizations determine the degree to which they will interface with voluntary assisted dying in jurisdictions where it is legal. The aim of this research was to describe the experience of the board of management of an Australian community-based hospice during their decision-making process around whether to support voluntary assisted dying in the facility, prior to the legislation coming into operation. METHODS: The Board considered this decision over ten meetings in 2020, during which time they received information on the legislation, relevant literature, feedback from workshops which included the community, comment from hospice founders, staff survey results and presentations by clinicians able to discuss the impact of voluntary assisted dying on palliative care services. Members were encouraged to make notes of their own experiences during this time. Following this, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven of the nine board members. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim and analysed using conventional qualitative content analysis method. RESULTS: The board members experienced a sense of journey in reaching an overall decision, which was to allow full participation in voluntary assisted dying provision for inpatients. Themes based on the journey motif included: starting from a personal view; moving to a hospice perspective; exploring if voluntary assisted dying can be part of end-of-life care; awareness and assessment of risks to the Hospice; arriving at a common platform to vote on; factors facilitating a safe decision-making journey; and personal impact of the journey. CONCLUSIONS: The group highlighted several facilitators of a successful outcome including having adequate time, the availability of useful resources, sound board processes and a trusting culture. The study may provide support to other healthcare organisations as they face similar decisions triggered by legislative change.


Assuntos
Cuidados Paliativos na Terminalidade da Vida , Hospitais para Doentes Terminais , Suicídio Assistido , Austrália , Humanos , População Rural
6.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act ; 16(1): 59, 2019 08 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31370855

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The built environment is reported to influence physical activity in populations, but longitudinal evidence about the impact of building new physical activity infrastructure is limited. This study aimed to prospectively investigate the uptake and usage of the newly established Peninsula Aquatic and Recreation Centre (PARC), a large multi-purpose recreation facility in Melbourne, Australia. METHODS: Physically inactive adults (n = 549) from the City of Frankston were recruited before the opening of PARC and followed up 12 months later to measure frequency of attendance at the Centre, and the purposes and barriers to use. Multivariable methods were used to identity the demographic, cognitive and social predictors of attendance, and the relationship between PARC use and improvements in leisure-time physical activity. RESULTS: Over 12 months 8.7% of the sampled residents used PARC once per month or more, 17.5% attended less than once per month, and 73.8% did not use the Centre. Lap swimming was the dominant purpose for attendance, and the major barriers were cost of transport and cost of entry. Independent predictors of usage were being female, having children, living within 5 km of the Centre, and expressing strong intentions for use prior to its opening. Use of PARC was not associated with progression to a higher level of total leisure-time physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: While installation of multi-purpose aquatic and recreation facilities may be considered an investment towards physical activity in populations, regular use by inactive people is likely to be low. Strategies to reduce barriers, including cost and transport, and to motivate use should be trialled in order to improve the public health impacts of this form of infrastructure.


Assuntos
Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Atividades Humanas/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Sedentário , Instalações Esportivas e Recreacionais , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino
7.
Faraday Discuss ; 212(0): 175-190, 2018 12 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30318538

RESUMO

Extremely large vibrational amplitude (≈8700 a.u.) heavy Rydberg levels in the HH[combining macron]1Σ+g state, located only 25 cm-1 below the ion-pair dissociation limit, are reported. The calculations are done using a hybrid log derivative/multichannel quantum defect approach that accounts for predissociation and is capable of dealing with any number of long-range closed channels, and of providing positions and widths for the heavy Rydberg resonances. In this case, resonance positions can be reproduced qualitatively using a simple diabatic model (however, the resonance widths cannot). Absolute quantum defects are derived for the vibrational series ranging from ν = 0 to ν = 2010. The influence of the Coulomb potential and continuity of heavy Rydberg behavior throughout the 1Σ+g manifold of states is demonstrated.

8.
Health Promot J Austr ; 29(3): 314-320, 2018 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29569768

RESUMO

ISSUE ADDRESSED: An initial consultation process to implement a culturally appropriate social and emotional wellbeing campaign in an Aboriginal community indicated that the fundamental principles of the Act-Belong-Commit mental health promotion campaign were acceptable, but that a cultural adaptation of the branding should be sought. METHODS: A competition was held inviting community members to design a brand logo for the campaign in their community. Local judges selected "winners" in various categories, and six of the submissions were selected for testing in the broader community via street intercept interviews. Respondents were asked which logo they liked best, their perceived meanings of the designs and the perceived appropriateness of the designs for a social and emotional wellbeing campaign. RESULTS: A convenience sample of N = 26 local Aboriginal people who lived and/or worked in Roebourne completed the questionnaire. There was a clear majority preference for logo "D," which communicated appropriate meanings of pride and strength in standing together, and reflected the underlying strengths and capacities of Aboriginal people which this project seeks to harness and support. CONCLUSIONS: The approach of using a logo competition to develop the campaign brand was highly successful and enabled further meaningful engagement with the community and other service providers in the town. The success of the competition process resulted from an emphasis on relationship building, listening to the local community and involving the community in decision-making. So what? By conforming to established, but not always adhered to, recommendations for community consultation, successful and more enduring outcomes are likely.


Assuntos
Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Marketing/métodos , Havaiano Nativo ou Outro Ilhéu do Pacífico/psicologia , Comunicação Persuasiva , Tomada de Decisões , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Saúde Mental , Meio Social , Inquéritos e Questionários , Austrália Ocidental
9.
Dig Dis Sci ; 62(1): 26-34, 2017 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27830409

RESUMO

Patients with advanced liver disease have a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, but many of them are asymptomatic. Cardiovascular risk stratification prior to liver transplant can be done by dobutamine stress echocardiography, stress myocardial perfusion imaging, cardiac computer tomography, and coronary angiography, but there are no clear recommendations regarding what method should be used and who should be screened. Because of this and because of inherent risk profile in this population, the variations in practice are significant. Careful screening and rigorous management of cardiovascular risk factors are important to ensure optimal cardiovascular outcomes in the immediate post-transplantation period and in the long term as well.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Vasos Coronários/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença Hepática Terminal/cirurgia , Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Transplante de Fígado , Assistência Perioperatória/métodos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/complicações , Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Angiografia Coronária , Ecocardiografia sob Estresse , Doença Hepática Terminal/complicações , Humanos , Programas de Rastreamento , Imagem de Perfusão do Miocárdio , Medição de Risco , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
10.
Am Heart J ; 172: 106-14, 2016 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26856222

RESUMO

Endovascular techniques for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease are becoming an increasingly common alternative to open surgery, yet the degree of anticoagulation and choice of anticoagulant to optimize outcomes in these procedures remain uncertain. To date, few randomized trials have directly compared different anticoagulants for use during peripheral vascular interventions. It is also unclear if the approach to anticoagulation should be individualized to each vascular bed or if common principles are shared among them. This has led practitioners across different specialties to use a variety of different methods for anticoagulation, with most extrapolated from techniques used in percutaneous coronary interventions. In this review, we analyze the current literature for anticoagulation used during peripheral vascular intervention of the lower extremity, renal, carotid, and aortic arteries, with special consideration to the choice of anticoagulant used to maximize safe and effective procedural outcomes.


Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Coagulação Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Cuidados Intraoperatórios/métodos , Extremidade Inferior/irrigação sanguínea , Doenças Vasculares Periféricas/cirurgia , Trombose/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Doenças Vasculares Periféricas/sangue , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/sangue , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Trombose/sangue
11.
J Chem Phys ; 142(20): 204306, 2015 May 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26026446

RESUMO

We report the identification of heavy Rydberg resonances in the ion-pair spectra of I2, Cl2, ICl, and IBr. Extensive vibrational progressions are analysed in terms of the energy dependence of the quantum defect δ(Eb) rather than as Dunham expansions. This is shown to define the heavy Rydberg region, providing a more revealing fit to the data with fewer coefficients and leads just as easily to numbering data sets separated by gaps in the observed vibrational progressions. Interaction of heavy Rydberg states with electronic Rydberg states at avoided crossings on the inner wall of the ion-pair potential is shown to produce distinctive changes in the energy dependence of δ(Eb), with weak and strong interactions readily distinguished. Heavy Rydberg behaviour is found to extend well below near-dissociation states, down to vibrational levels ∼18,000-20,000 cm(-1) below dissociation. The rapid semi-classical calculation of δ(Eb) for heavy Rydberg states is emphasised and shows their absolute magnitude to be essentially the volume of phase space excluded from the vibrational motion by avoiding core-core penetration of the ions.

12.
BMC Public Health ; 15: 403, 2015 Apr 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25928739

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Physical activity is associated with a host of health benefits, yet many individuals do not perform sufficient physical activity to realise these benefits. One approach to rectifying this situation is through modifying the built environment to make it more conducive to physical activity, such as by building walking tracks or recreational physical activity facilities. Often, however, modifications to the built environment are not connected to efforts aimed at encouraging their use. The purpose of the Monitoring and Observing the Value of Exercise (MOVE) study is to evaluate the effectiveness of two interventions designed to encourage the ongoing use of a new, multi-purpose, community-based physical activity facility. METHODS/DESIGN: A two-year, randomised controlled trial with yearly survey points (baseline, 12 months follow-up, 24 months follow-up) will be conducted among 1,300 physically inactive adult participants aged 18-70 years. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: control, intervention 1 (attendance incentives), or intervention 2 (attendance incentives and tailored support following a model based on customer relationship management). Primary outcome measures will include facility usage, physical activity participation, mental and physical wellbeing, community connectedness, social capital, friendship, and social support. Secondary outcome measures will include stages of change for facility usage and social cognitive decision-making variables. DISCUSSION: This study will assess whether customer relationship management systems, a tool commonly used in commercial marketing settings, can encourage the ongoing use of a physical activity facility. Findings may also indicate the population segments among which the use of such systems are most effective, as well as their cost-effectiveness. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12615000012572 (registered 9 January 2015).


Assuntos
Terapia por Exercício/educação , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Promoção da Saúde/organização & administração , Atividade Motora , Absenteísmo , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Austrália , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nova Zelândia , Desenvolvimento de Programas , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto/métodos , Adulto Jovem
13.
J Sport Exerc Psychol ; 37(2): 199-206, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25996110

RESUMO

We applied the strength-energy model of self-control to understand the relationship between self-control and young athletes' behavioral responses to taking illegal performance-enhancing substances, or "doping." Measures of trait self-control, attitude and intention toward doping, intention toward, and adherence to, doping-avoidant behaviors, and the prevention of unintended doping behaviors were administered to 410 young Australian athletes. Participants also completed a "lollipop" decision-making protocol that simulated avoidance of unintended doping. Hierarchical linear multiple regression analyses revealed that self-control was negatively associated with doping attitude and intention, and positively associated with the intention and adherence to doping-avoidant behaviors, and refusal to take or eat the unfamiliar candy offered in the "lollipop" protocol. Consistent with the strength-energy model, athletes with low self-control were more likely to have heightened attitude and intention toward doping, and reduced intention, behavioral adherence, and awareness of doping avoidance.


Assuntos
Atletas/psicologia , Atitude , Dopagem Esportivo/psicologia , Intenção , Autocontrole/psicologia , Esportes/psicologia , Adolescente , Austrália , Aprendizagem da Esquiva/efeitos dos fármacos , Dopagem Esportivo/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Modelos Teóricos , Substâncias para Melhoria do Desempenho/administração & dosagem , Adulto Jovem
14.
BMC Public Health ; 14: 30, 2014 Jan 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24410764

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Public awareness-raising campaigns targeting alcohol use during pregnancy are an important part of preventing prenatal alcohol exposure and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. Despite this, there is little evidence on what specific elements contribute to campaign message effectiveness. This research evaluated three different advertising concepts addressing alcohol and pregnancy: a threat appeal, a positive appeal promoting a self-efficacy message, and a concept that combined the two appeals. The primary aim was to determine the effectiveness of these concepts in increasing women's intentions to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy. METHODS: Women of childbearing age and pregnant women residing in Perth, Western Australia participated in a computer-based questionnaire where they viewed either a control or one of the three experimental concepts. Following exposure, participants' intentions to abstain from and reduce alcohol intake during pregnancy were measured. Other measures assessed included perceived main message, message diagnostics, and potential to promote defensive responses or unintended consequences. RESULTS: The concepts containing a threat appeal were significantly more effective at increasing women's intentions to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy than the self-efficacy message and the control. The concept that combined threat and self-efficacy is recommended for development as part of a mass-media campaign as it has good persuasive potential, provides a balance of positive and negative emotional responses, and is unlikely to result in defensive or unintended consequences. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides important insights into the components that enhance the persuasiveness and effectiveness of messages aimed at preventing prenatal alcohol exposure. The recommended concept has good potential for use in a future campaign aimed at promoting women's intentions to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy.


Assuntos
Publicidade/métodos , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Etanol/efeitos adversos , Transtornos do Espectro Alcoólico Fetal/prevenção & controle , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Intenção , Adolescente , Adulto , Conscientização , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Gestantes , Autoeficácia , Marketing Social , Austrália Ocidental , Adulto Jovem
15.
Aging Ment Health ; 18(7): 914-20, 2014 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24679104

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To explicate lay theories relating to social isolation and to identify instances of positive deviance to inform future efforts to encourage older people to participate in protective behaviors. METHOD: Twelve focus groups and 20 individual interviews were conducted with Australians aged 40 years and older. Data were collected in metropolitan and regional areas. The age threshold was based on the need to generate formative research to inform interventions to encourage people to engage in preventive behaviors prior to reaching older age when they become more susceptible to social isolation. RESULTS: Two primary lay theories were identified in the data. These are related to the recognized importance of social connection and the belief that forming new social connections becomes more difficult with age due to a range of individual and external factors. Examples of positive deviance that were identified included viewing overcoming social isolation as an incremental process, being prepared to be the instigator of social interaction, and adopting an external focus. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that the provision of a broad range of group activities may need to be combined with a focused approach to targeting and approaching those most at risk to reduce the burden of social isolation at a population level.


Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica/fisiologia , Envelhecimento/psicologia , Relações Interpessoais , Isolamento Social/psicologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pesquisa Qualitativa
16.
Health Promot Int ; 29(2): 317-27, 2014 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23297338

RESUMO

This study identified predictors of parents' and school principals' perceptions of the impact of a Western Australian school food policy. An initial qualitative phase involving focus groups with parents and interviews with school principals, teachers, canteen managers and Parents & Citizens Committee members provided general feedback on the policy and identified various factors that appeared to be related to its successful implementation. In the following quantitative phase of the study, 1200 parents responded to a telephone questionnaire and 310 principals responded to an internet-based questionnaire. The primary outcome variables were, respectively, the extent to which parents reported that their children's diets were healthier as a result of the policy, and the extent to which principals reported that their schools complied with the policy. Logistic regression models were generated for the parent and principal samples. Those parents reporting that their children's diets were healthier were more likely to agree that the policy reflected their beliefs and their children's dietary needs and preferences, that their child talked about the traffic light food classification system and that this system influenced their food choices in the supermarket. Those principals reporting full compliance with the policy were more likely to agree that implementing the policy was not overly difficult. Specific factors facilitating school compliance were canteen manager training and conducive kitchen setup. Provision of appropriate information and training prior to implementation may assist schools in implementing new food policies, thereby enhancing their impact beyond the school environment.


Assuntos
Serviços de Alimentação/organização & administração , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Política Nutricional , Pais/psicologia , Instituições Acadêmicas/organização & administração , Adolescente , Adulto , Austrália , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade Infantil/prevenção & controle , Percepção , Características de Residência , Adulto Jovem
19.
J Chem Phys ; 138(13): 134308, 2013 Apr 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23574228

RESUMO

2- and 3-photon excitation of components of the lower Rydberg states of iodomethane (CH3I) using linearly and circularly polarized light, followed by ionization with one more photon, is used to determine their molecular term symbol, Ω, values as well as quantum defects. These Ω values, together with a detailed theoretical analysis, require a re-assignment of the 7s and 8s states to various components of the 5d and 6d states, but there is evidence of (n+2)s∕nd hybridization in the pairs of Ω = 1 states. Predissociation sets in for all Rydberg states beyond 6d based on the ground ((2)Π(3∕2)) state of the core, but sharp autoionizing resonances based on the (2)Π(1∕2) core state are assigned to the 9s, 7d, and 5f states. The dominant effect of the singlet∕triplet character of the Rydberg states on their accessibility from the ground state, seen in bromomethane and chloromethane, is again apparent and a concordant interpretation of the Rydberg spectra of CH3I can now be presented. Evidence for coupling of some Ω = 1 and Ω = 0(+) Rydberg states with a repulsive valence state and an ion-pair state, respectively, is also put forward.

20.
Subst Use Misuse ; 48(14): 1509-21, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23819741

RESUMO

This research developed messages to promote abstinence from alcohol during pregnancy and identified elements that enhance message persuasiveness. An exploratory phase was conducted in 2009 that comprised four focus groups with 23 women in Western Australia and elicited beliefs and attitudes on alcohol use during pregnancy and motivations for behavior change. Four television concepts were subsequently developed and appraised in five focus groups with 31 participants using standard advertising pretesting questions. The implications for campaigns addressing prenatal alcohol exposure and further research are noted and limitations discussed. Funding was received from Healthway and the National Health and Medical Research Council.


Assuntos
Abstinência de Álcool , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Cultura , Adulto , Feminino , Grupos Focais , Promoção da Saúde , Humanos , Gravidez
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